Kodi magazi akubwerera kuchokera pachipata cha mtima wanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za Aortic Regurgitation!

Kodi munayamba mwaganizapo kuti pali zipata zazing'ono mkati mwa mitima yathu zomwe zimalola magazi kuyenda mbali imodzi yokha? Inde, nzoona. Komabe, nthawi zina zipata izi zimatha kutayikira pang'ono. Umenewo ndi mkhalidwe womwe tikambirane lero, wotchedwa `(Aortic Regurgitation). Mwachidule, chipata chomwe chimapopera magazi kulowa m'mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi ya mtima sichimatseka bwino, ndipo magazi ena amatayikiranso mumtima. Musadandaule, tikambirana izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Kodi `(Aortic Regurgitation)` ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta!

Tangoganizani kuti pali chipata chachikulu mumtima mwanu, chomwe timachitcha `(Aortic Valve)`. Ichi chili pakati pa mtima wanu ndi `(Aorta)`, mtsempha waukulu kwambiri wamagazi m'thupi. Nthawi iliyonse mtima wanu ukugunda, magazi oyera, okhala ndi mpweya wabwino amadutsa mu `(Aorta)` kupita ku thupi lonse.

Kotero, pamene chipinda chachikulu chopopera mpweya cha mtima, ventricle yakumanzere, chikuchepa, valavu iyi ya aortic imatseguka kuti magazi atuluke. Kenako, ventricle yakumanzere ikamasuka, valavu iyi iyenera kutseka mwamphamvu. Pamenepo ndi pamene magazi amayenda molunjika patsogolo osabwerera mumtima.

Komabe, mwa munthu amene ali ndi Aortic Regurgitation, Aortic Valve sitseka bwino. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi iliyonse ventricle yakumanzere ikapuma, magazi ena amatulukanso m'chipindamo. Ngakhale izi ndi nkhawa yeniyeni, mwamwayi, madokotala ali ndi njira zochizira.

Kubwerera m'mbuyo kwa mtsempha wamagazi ndi mtundu umodzi wofala kwambiri wa matenda a mtima. Amatha kukhala ovuta kuyambira pang'ono mpaka ovuta kwambiri . Nthawi zina madokotala amatchanso kuti Kusakwanira kwa mtsempha wamagazi.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya `(Aortic Regurgitation)` ndi iti?

Madokotala amagawaniza Aortic Regurgitation m'magulu awiri akuluakulu:

1. Mtundu wa matenda owopsa: Uwu ndi matenda odzidzimutsa mwadzidzidzi.

2. Mtundu wa matenda osatha: Uwu ndi matenda omwe amakula pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Mtundu wa matenda osathawu umapezeka kwambiri m'maiko ngati United States.

Kuphatikiza apo, madokotala amatha kugawa matendawa m'magulu awiri, kutengera mtundu wa vutoli. Amagawanso matendawa m'magawo A, B, C, ndi D, kutengera kuopsa kwake . Gawo D ndiye gawo lovuta kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za `(Aortic Regurgitation)` ndi ziti?

Yang'anani ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi:

• Kumva kupweteka kapena kufinya pachifuwa .
• Ndili ndi chifuwa.
• Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse.
• Kugunda kwa mtima kumachitika pamene mtima ukugunda modabwitsa, ngati kugwedezeka.
• Nthawi zina mungataye chikumbumtima (syncope).
• Mungathe kupuma movutikira (dyspnea) mukuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Pambuyo pake, mutha kupuma movutikira mukamagona kapena mukuyesera kugona.
• Akakolo ndi mapazi amatupa (edema).

Koma kumbukirani,Ngati muli ndi vuto losatha la aorta, mwina simungakhale ndi zizindikiro kwa nthawi yayitali. Zizindikirozo zimangowonekera pang'onopang'ono pamene vutolo likuipiraipira.

Kodi zifukwa za `(Aortic Regurgitation)` ndi ziti?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingayambitse vutoli. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Kufooka kwa vavu ndi ukalamba: Ichi ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri ku America ndi mayiko akumadzulo kwa Europe.
• Matenda a Mtima Okhudzana ndi Nyamakazi: Ichi ndi chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ambiri m'maiko ambiri osatukuka. Chimayamba chifukwa cha matenda a nyamakazi, omwe amayamba munthu akadwala matenda a pakhosi osachiritsidwa.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kwambiri.
• Endocarditis: Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda omwe amalowa m'magazi.
• Kuvulala pachifuwa: Mwachitsanzo, chinthu chonga ngozi ya galimoto.
• Aneurysm ya Aorta ya Thoracic.
• Kugawanika kwa mtsempha wamagazi.
• Mavuto ena obadwa nawo a Aortic Valve: Mwachitsanzo, vuto lotchedwa Bicuspid Aortic Valve. Izi zikutanthauza kuti valavu, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayenera kukhala ndi ma cusps atatu, ili ndi ma cusps awiri okha.

Ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha vutoli?

Kusintha kwina kwa valavu ya mtsempha wanu wamagazi ndi matenda ena kungakulitse chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda a valavu yotuluka. Mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo ngati:

• Ngati muli ndi `(Bicuspid Aortic Valve)` kapena vuto lina la valavu yobadwa nayo: Anthu omwe ali ndi `(Bicuspid Aortic Valve)` nthawi zambiri amayamba kutulutsa valavu iyi pakati pa zaka 20 ndi 40.
• Kukonza ma valve a aortic: Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zaka zoposa 60, ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la valve zingapo.
• Kukhala ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza mtsempha wamagazi lomwe limatsogolera kumtima (Aorta).
• Ngati munadwalapo kale matenda a nyamakazi kapena munapezeka ndi matenda a mtima a nyamakazi.
• Ngati mudasinthidwapo kale ndi valavu ya aorta: Nthawi zina valavu ya bioprosthetic imatha kusagwira ntchito bwino pakapita nthawi.

Kodi ndi mavuto ati omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha Aortic Regurgitation?

Tangoganizirani, pamene `(Aortic Valve)` ikutuluka, magazi owonjezera amabwerera ku `(Left Ventricle)` ya mtima. Kenako, chipinda chopopera madzi chimadzaza ndi magazi. Zotsatira zake, `(Left Ventricle)` iyenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti ithane ndi magazi owonjezerawa ndikupopera magazi ofunikira mu `(Aorta)`.

Pakapita nthawi, izi zingapangitse kuti makoma a minofu ya ventricle yakumanzere achuluke ndikukula. Izi zimatchedwa Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. Izi zimachepetsa kugwira ntchito bwino kwa mtima.

Izi zingayambitse mavuto ena monga kulephera kwa mtima ndi arrhythmia.

Kubwerera m'mbuyo kwa mtsempha wamagazi kungayambitse matenda aakulu monga kutupa kwa mapapo ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya mtima.

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji?

Madokotala amazindikira Aortic Valve Regurgitation kudzera mu kufufuza thupi ndi mayeso osiyanasiyana.

Pa nthawi yoyezetsa thupi, dokotala wanu adzachita izi:

• Kambiranani za mbiri yanu yachipatala.
• Zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri zimayesedwa, monga kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Dokotala wanu adzamvetsera mtima wanu pogwiritsa ntchito stethoscope ndipo adzafufuza phokoso losiyana lotchedwa aortic regurgitation murmur. Phokoso limeneli limachitika chifukwa cha magazi omwe amabwerera kumanzere kwa ventricle.

Poyesa kuthamanga kwa magazi, ngati pali kusiyana kwakukulu (koposa 40 mmHg) pakati pa miyeso yapamwamba ndi yotsika, chimenechonso ndi chizindikiro chakuti valavu ya aortic ikhoza kutuluka.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amachitidwa kuti adziwe `(Aortic Regurgitation)`?

Mayeso akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matendawa ndipo amaonedwa kuti ndi "muyezo wabwino kwambiri" ndi mayeso a ``Echocardiogram'' kapena ``Echo''. Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mafunde amphamvu a ``Ultrasound'' kuti ajambule zithunzi za mtima. Dokotala angagwiritse ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, monga ``Doppler Ultrasound'', kuti aone momwe ma valve anu amagwirira ntchito. ``Doppler Ultrasound'' imasonyeza liwiro ndi komwe magazi amadutsa mumtima.

Mayeso ena omwe angafunike kuti adziwe matendawa kapena kukonzekera chithandizo ndi awa:

• X-ray pachifuwa
• Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)
• Mayeso a MRI a mtima
• Angiogram ya Mitsempha ya Mtima
• Kujambula kwa mtima kwa CT
• Mayeso Olimbitsa Thupi

Kodi Aortic Regurgitation imachiritsidwa bwanji ?

Kubwerera kwa mtsempha wamagazi kungachiritsidwe ndi mankhwala kapena opaleshoni . Ngati muli ndi vuto lalikulu, muyenera kulandira chithandizo nthawi yomweyo.

Kutengera ndi kuopsa kwa vuto lanu, mungafunike opaleshoni kuti mukonze kapena kusintha valavu yanu ya aortic. Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani ndikusankha ngati opaleshoniyo ndi yofunika. Adzakufotokozeraninso ubwino ndi zoopsa za opaleshoni. Zinthu monga kugwiritsa ntchito fodya ndi matenda ena osalamulirika zimatha kuwonjezera zoopsa za opaleshoni ndikupangitsa kuti njira yochira ikhale yovuta.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu ngati opaleshoni ndi yoyenera kwa inu komanso zoopsa zake.

Ngati opaleshoni ya valavu si njira yabwino kwa inu, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala oti akuthandizeni kuchepetsa kulephera kwa mtima wanu ndikukweza moyo wanu. Mankhwala ena amatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha magazi kuundana ndi sitiroko. Koma kumbukirani, ngakhale kuti mankhwala amatha kuchepetsa zizindikiro, sangathe kuletsa kapena kuchiritsa kubwereranso kwa mtima kwambiri.

Kodi mavuto kapena zotsatirapo zake ndi ziti?

Anthu omwe adakonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa valavu ya aortic angafunike kuchitidwa opaleshoni ina mtsogolo. Palinso zoopsa monga:

• Stroke
• Matenda amtima
• Kutuluka magazi
• Matenda
• Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima `(Arrhythmia)`

Mukasintha valavu ya aorta, muyenera kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi (anticoagulants) kuti mupewe kuundana kwa magazi. Mankhwalawa angatengedwe kwa miyezi ingapo (pa mavalavu a bioprosthetic opangidwa kuchokera ku nkhumba, ng'ombe, kapena minofu ya munthu) kapena kwa moyo wonse (pa mavalavu amakina). Nthawi zina, valavu yosinthidwayo ikhoza kusuntha kapena kutuluka madzi.

Ngati muli ndi valavu yatsopano, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mumwe mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda musanapite kwa dokotala wa mano. Izi zingathandize kupewa matenda omwe amapezeka mumtima (endocarditis).

Kodi Kubwezeretsa kwa Aortic kungapewedwe?

Matenda a valavu ya mtima sangapewedwe nthawi zonse. Komabe, mutha kuchita izi kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu:

• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi monga momwe dokotala wanu akulangizirani.
• Ngati mwadwala kapena mwayamba matenda, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
• Imwani mankhwala anu onse moyenera, kuphatikizapo mankhwala a kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Ngati mtsempha wanu wa aorta watambasuka, chepetsani kunyamula zinthu zolemera.

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi vuto la `(Aortic Regurgitation)` angayembekezere tsogolo lotani?

Mukhoza kukhala ndi vuto la aortic regurgitation kwa zaka zambiri popanda zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, zimatha kuipiraipira pakapita nthawi. Mungazindikire ngati mukuyamba kuvutika kupuma kapena kupweteka pachifuwa.

Maganizo anu amadalira zinthu zambiri, zina mwa izo ndi izi:

• Nthawi yomwe munayamba kukhala ndi zizindikiro.
• Kodi matendawa afika pati?
• Kaya muli ndi vuto la mtima.
• Nthawi yomwe munalandira chithandizo.
• Thanzi lanu lonse.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe amachitidwa opaleshoni yosintha ma valavu asanayambe kulephera kwa mtima amakhala ndi chiyembekezo chabwino kwa nthawi yayitali, ngakhale atakhala kuti ali ndi vuto lalikulu. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima, chiyembekezo chawo chingakhale chochepa pang'ono.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la aortic regurgitation lochepa mpaka lochepa amakhala bwino atalandira chithandizo. Chiŵerengero chawo cha moyo wa zaka 10 chili pakati pa 80% ndi 95%.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za tsogolo lanu. Dokotala wanu amakudziwani bwino inu ndi mbiri yanu yachipatala, kotero angagwiritse ntchito chidziwitso chimenecho kukupatsani lingaliro la zomwe mungayembekezere.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu okhudza kudzisamalira, kuphatikizapo mankhwala ndi kusintha kwa moyo wanu. Kawirikawiri, ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwala anu onse monga momwe mwalangizidwira komanso nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse . Dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso kusintha moyo wanu, kuphatikizapo:

• Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi la mtima: Mwachitsanzo, zakudya za ku Mediterranean. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeninso kuti muchepetse mchere womwe mumadya.
• Khalani ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Funsani dokotala wanu kuchuluka kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe mungachite komanso mitundu ya masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe ndi otetezeka.
• Pewani kusuta fodya kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina za fodya: Pemphani thandizo kuti musiye kusuta.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala: Makamaka mankhwala opangidwa ndi mtsempha (mankhwala opangidwa ndi mtsempha), chifukwa amawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.
• Samalirani mano ndi m'kamwa mwanu kuti mupewe matenda a mtima (endocarditis): Izi zikuphatikizapo kupita kwa dokotala wa mano miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse.

Ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala wanga?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la Aortic Regurgitation, ndikofunikira kusunga nthawi yanu yokumana kuti dokotala wanu athe kuyang'anira vuto lanu. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani nthawi zomwe muyenera kubwera.

Kuti muwone momwe ma valve ndi mtima wanu zimagwirira ntchito, muyenera kuchitidwa "Echocardiogram" nthawi ndi nthawi (miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse mpaka zaka zisanu zilizonse). Kupita kuchipatala nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe zizindikiro zilizonse za "Aortic Regurgitation" yomwe ikuipiraipira. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kupeza chithandizo chanthawi yake ndikupewa kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mtima wanu.

Ngati mwachitidwa opaleshoni ya mtima, tsatirani ndondomeko ya dokotala wanu mosamala. Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani mosamala kuti atsimikizire kuti mtima wanu ukugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti simukudwala matenda a mtima kapena mavuto ena.

Ngati muyamba zizindikiro zatsopano, ngati zizindikiro zomwe zilipo zikuipiraipira, kapena ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza matenda anu, imbani dokotala nthawi iliyonse.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Pangozi (ETU) liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a mtima kapena sitiroko, imbani 911 kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yapafupi nthawi yomweyo. Izi ndi zadzidzidzi zomwe zingawononge moyo ndipo zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Kukhala ndi matenda a mtima kungakhale kovuta. Mungakhale ndi mafunso ambiri okhudza matenda anu, koma simungadziwe komwe mungayambire. Nazi mafunso ena omwe mungafunse dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe zambiri:

• Kodi vuto langa la `(Aortic Regurgitation)` ndi lalikulu bwanji?
• Kodi ndili ndi mavuto ena a mtima?
• Kodi ndikufunika chithandizo? Ngati ndi choncho, liti?
• Kodi chithandizo chimaphatikizapo chiyani?
• Kodi ndiyenera kubwera kangati kudzakumana ndi dokotala wotsatira?
• Ndi kusintha kotani kwa moyo komwe ndiyenera kuchita kuti ndithandizire thanzi langa la mtima?

Kodi vuto laling'ono lotchedwa `(Aortic Regurgitation)` limakula nthawi zonse?

Anthu opitilira 25% omwe ali ndi vuto la mitsempha ya kumanzere amakhala ndi zizindikiro mkati mwa chaka chimodzi. Komabe, mu kafukufuku wa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la aorta yocheperako mpaka yocheperako, anthu ambiri sanakumane ndi vuto lililonse loipa. Kafukufukuyu adawatsatira kwa zaka pafupifupi zisanu. Chifukwa chake, si aliyense amene amadwala kwambiri, koma ndikofunikira kupita kukayezetsa nthawi zonse.

Kodi Kubwerera kwa Aortic Kumaika Moyo Pangozi?

Ngati vutoli ndi lalikulu ndipo lachitika mwadzidzidzi, likhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo cha moyo. Lingayambitse kulephera kwa mtima, kulephera kwa mtima, kapena imfa yadzidzidzi. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi kubwereranso kwadzidzidzi kwa m'mimba, muyenera opaleshoni nthawi yomweyo.

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kudziwa kuti muli ndi valavu ya msempha yomwe imatuluka kungakhale koopsa ndipo mungadabwe kuti tsogolo lanu lidzakhala lotani. Komabe, nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti ndi kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zamankhwala, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la msempha wa msempha amatha kuthandizidwa.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti musamachite mantha kapena kuda nkhawa, koma mulankhule ndi dokotala wanu za njira zomwe mungasankhe pochiza matenda anu ndikukambirana njira yabwino kwa inu. Mukalandira chithandizo chamankhwala panthawi yake komanso kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Samalani mtima wanu!

Kubwerera kwa mtsempha wamagazi , matenda a mtima, matenda a mtima, kupuma movutikira, kupweteka pachifuwa, echocardiogram, opaleshoni ya mtima