Chiyembekezo chatsopano cha matenda a Alzheimer's! Tiyeni tiphunzire za mankhwala a Leqembi (lecanemab)?

Kodi amayi anu, abambo anu, kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akuiwala kwambiri? Kuiwala zinthu zazing'ono monga komwe kuli makiyi anu kapena dzina la munthu wina kungakhale chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda a Alzheimer's. Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala a matenda oopsawa, mankhwala atsopano omwe angachedwetse kupita patsogolo kwa matendawa avomerezedwa mokwanira ndi US FDA (Food and Drug Administration). Ichi ndi chiyembekezo chachikulu kwa odwala padziko lonse lapansi. Tiyeni tikambirane zambiri za mankhwala atsopanowa, Leqembi.

Kodi mankhwala atsopano otchedwa Leqembi ndi ati?

Choyamba chomwe muyenera kumvetsetsa ndichakuti iyi si mankhwala a matenda a Alzheimer's. Koma imathandiza. Imatha kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa matendawa. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti imatha kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa matendawa ndi pafupifupi 27% mkati mwa miyezi 18.

Tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, 'Kodi zisinthadi?' Inde, zidzasinthadi. Tangoganizani, munthu amene akumwa mankhwalawa adzatha kukhala ndi moyo kwa miyezi 5 popanda zizindikiro zake kuipiraipira kuposa amene sanamwe mankhwalawo, ndipo adzatha kuchita ntchito yakeyake, kukhala wosangalala ndi banja lake, kupita kukawona mdzukulu wake womaliza maphunziro... Kodi nthawi yowonjezerayo ndi yofunika bwanji kuchita zinthu ngati izi? Nthawi imeneyo ndiye phindu lalikulu la mankhwala awa.

Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kuti timvetse izi, tiyeni titenge chitsanzo chaching'ono. Mu ubongo wa odwala matenda a Alzheimer, puloteni yosafunikira yotchedwa amyloid plaques imayikidwa. Ili ngati dothi lomwe limamatira mu chitoliro cha madzi kenako n’kumamatira pang’onopang’ono mu chitolirocho. Chifukwa cha kuikidwa kwa mapuloteniwa, kulumikizana pakati pa maselo a ubongo kumasokonekera, ndipo maselo amayamba kufa pang’onopang’ono. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kukumbukira kumatayika ndipo khalidwe limasintha.

Mankhwalawa, otchedwa Leqembi, amalimbana ndi kuchotsa ma plaque a amyloid omwe asonkhana muubongo. Ndi a gulu la mankhwala otchedwa monoclonal antibodies. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa wodwalayo kawiri pamwezi kudzera mu IV infusion.

Tiyeni tiwone mfundo zofunika zokhudza mankhwalawa patebulo.

Kodi pali chiopsezo chogwiritsa ntchito izi?

Inde. Monga mankhwala ena onse, mankhwalawa ali ndi zoopsa komanso zotsatirapo zake. Ndipotu, FDA yapereka "chenjezo la bokosi lakuda" la mankhwalawa, lomwe ndi chenjezo lapamwamba kwambiri la chitetezo . Chifukwa chake ndi vuto lotchedwa ARIA.

Kodi ARIA ndi chiyani?

ARIA ndi chidule cha Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities. Mwachidule, mankhwalawa angayambitse anthu ena kutupa muubongo kapena kutuluka magazi pang'ono (microbleeds) . Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri izi sizikhala zoopsa, nthawi zina zimatha kupha anthu.

• Jini ya APOE4: Anthu omwe ali ndi makope awiri a kusintha kwa majini a APOE4 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a ARIA awa kuposa ena.
• Mankhwala Ochepetsa Magazi: Chinthu china chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti madokotala akuchenjeza mwamphamvu kuti asagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa kwa munthu amene akumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi. Chifukwa ngati mutatero, pali mwayi waukulu kuti kutuluka magazi pang'ono kusanduka kutuluka magazi kwakukulu, komwe kungawononge moyo (macro-bleed). Nthawi zina izi zingayambitse khunyu, kugona m'chipatala, kapena ngakhale imfa.

Chifukwa chake, musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kukambirana momveka bwino za zoopsa zonsezi ndi dokotala wanu, kuchita mayeso ofunikira, ndikutsimikizira ngati izi ndizoyenera kwa inu.

Ndiye ndiyenera kuchita chiyani?

Ngati inu, owerenga nkhaniyi, muli ndi kukayikira pang'ono kuti inuyo kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu ali ndi zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda a Alzheimer, chinthu chabwino kwambiri choti muchite ndikuonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo ndikupeza matenda olondola.

Chifukwa monga tafotokozera kale, mankhwala monga Leqembi ndi othandiza kokha kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Ngati muchedwa, mungaphonye mwayi wopeza chithandizo. Komanso, mankhwala atsopano ngati awa nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera mtengo. Chifukwa chake ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi musanayambe kulandira chithandizo.

Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti posachedwa, mankhwala adzapezeka omwe angathe kuzindikira ndi kupewa matenda anthu asanawonetse zizindikiro zilizonse. Monga momwe tingadziwire ndi kuchiza khansa ya m'mawere ndi khansa ya prostate msanga, tsiku lina tidzakhala ndi mwayi wozindikira ndi kupewa matenda a Alzheimer's msanga. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo, mankhwala monga Leqembi amapereka chiyembekezo chachikulu kwa tonsefe.