Kodi munayamba mwaonapo zidutswa za nkhungu zakuda kapena zobiriwira zakuda zikumera m'malo onyowa m'nyumba mwanu—mwina pakhoma, pakona pa bafa lanu, kapena pafupi ndi zenera? Ngakhale n'zosavuta kuzinyalanyaza, anthu ambiri amada nkhawa akamva mawu akuti “nkhungu zakuda.” Kodi ndi zoopsadi? Kodi zimakhudza bwanji thanzi lanu? Lero, tiyeni tikambirane izi m'njira yosavuta, yomveka bwino, komanso yolimbikitsa.
Kodi Black Mold ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, nkhungu yakuda ndi mtundu wa bowa. Imafanana kwambiri ndi nkhungu yomwe imamera pa buledi wakale, koma nthawi zambiri imawoneka mumitundu yobiriwira kapena yakuda. Ngakhale pali mitundu ingapo, mawu oti "nkhungu yakuda" nthawi zambiri amatanthauza mtundu winawake wotchedwa Stachybotrys chartarum (S. chartarum) .
Bowa uwu umakula bwino chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zili ndi cellulose . Mungadabwe kuti ndi chiyani—cellulose ndi chinthu chachilengedwe chomwe chimapezeka m'mapepala, zinthu zopangidwa ndi matabwa, ndi drywall. Taganizirani izi ngati ulusi womwe umapezeka mu zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
Kuti nkhungu yakuda ikule, imafunika kutentha ndi chinyezi . Ichi ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'malo omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chinyezi, monga malo owonongeka ndi madzi, mabafa, zipinda zapansi, ndi mafelemu ozungulira mawindo.
Komabe, kumbukirani izi: Kwa anthu ambiri athanzi, nkhungu yakuda siimayambitsa matenda aakulu kapena matenda oopsa. Palibe chifukwa chochita mantha osafunikira.
Kodi nkhungu yakuda ingakudwalitseni? Kodi ndi yoopsa bwanji?
Inde, nkhungu yakuda ingakhudze anthu ena. Makamaka ngati muli ndi vuto la nkhungu, ingayambitse vuto.
Nkhungu yakuda imatulutsa tinthu ting'onoting'ono totchedwa spores mumlengalenga. Imapanganso mankhwala otchedwa 'microbial volatile organic compounds' (mVOCs) —fungo lodziwika bwino lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha mVOCs izi. Ngati muli ndi vuto la ziwengo, spores izi kapena mVOCs zimatha kuyambitsa zizindikiro pamene chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chikuchitapo kanthu nazo, zomwe zimapangitsa kutupa m'mphuno mwanu, m'maso, kapena m'mapapo. Ngakhale kwa anthu omwe alibe ziwengo, kukhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa mVOCs izi nthawi zina kungayambitse kusasangalala.
Komanso, ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili pachiwopsezo (chifukwa cha matenda enaake kapena mankhwala omwe amaletsa chitetezo chamthupi), kukhudzidwa ndi nkhungu yakuda kungayambitse matenda a bowa m'njira yanu yopumira kapena kwina kulikonse, kotchedwa mycosis .
Komabe, nkhungu yakuda si yoopsa kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya nkhungu yofala. Mtundu uliwonse wa nkhungu ukhoza kuyambitsa mavuto kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto nayo.
Kodi zimakukhudzani mwachangu bwanji, ndipo ndani amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu?
Mmene mumachitira ndi nkhungu yakuda zimadalira kwambiri momwe mumamvera kapena kuchuluka kwa ziwengo. Aliyense ndi wosiyana, kotero zomwe mumakumana nazo zingasiyane ndi za wina.
- Ngati muli ndi vuto la ziwengo, zizindikiro zimatha kuonekera nthawi yomweyo mukapuma spores.
- Ngati mulibe ziwengo, simungaone zizindikiro zilizonse, kapena zingatenge nthawi yayitali kuti vuto lililonse liyambe.
Ngakhale kuti nkhungu yakuda ingayambitse kuyabwa mwa aliyense, magulu otsatirawa akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoopsa kwambiri:
- Anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya ziwengo paokha kapena m'banja lawo.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opuma monga mphumu kapena COPD ( Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ) .
- Anthu nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo onyowa kwambiri komanso opanda mpweya wabwino kunyumba kapena kuntchito.
- Anthu omwe ali ndichitetezo chamthupi chofooka .
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mupuma nkhungu yakuda? Zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?
Ngati muli ndi vuto la ziwengo, kupuma spores zakuda za nkhungu kumayambitsa ziwengo. Thupi lanu limazindikira spores izi ngati "zowononga" ndipo limayamba kulimbana nazo.
Mukakumana ndi kachilombo koyamba, chitetezo chanu chamthupi chimapanga ma antibodies apadera otchedwa Immunoglobulin E (IgE) . Ma antibodies a IgE awa amamangirira ku maselo okhala ndi histamine (mast cells), omwe amapezeka m'mphuno mwanu, pakhungu, m'mimba, ndi m'njira yopumira. Ngati mwakumananso ndi kachilombo kachiwiri, maselo okhudzidwa awa amatulutsa histamine ndi mankhwala ena, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za ziwengo nthawi yomweyo - nthawi zambiri mkati mwa masekondi. Mankhwala ena angayambitse kutupa kosalekeza.
Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za kufalikira kwa nkhungu yakuda ndi izi:
- Kutsimula
- Kutsokomola
- Kutsekeka kwa mphuno
- Kudontha kwa madzi pambuyo pa mphuno
- Maso ofiira, okwiya
Kuwonetsedwa kungawonjezerenso zizindikiro za mphumu , monga:
- Kupuma movutikira
- Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira)
- Chifuwa chouma ndi kulimba kwa chifuwa
Kodi nkhungu yakuda imayambitsa AIPH mwa makanda?
Ayi. Palibe umboni wa sayansi wosonyeza kuti kukhudzana ndi nkhungu yakuda kumayambitsa 'Acute Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemorrhage' (AIPH) mwa makanda. AIPH ndi vuto losowa lomwe limakhudza kutuluka magazi m'mapapo. Kuphatikiza apo, zonena zogwirizanitsa nkhungu ndi kutayika kwa kukumbukira, kutuluka magazi m'mphuno pafupipafupi, kupweteka kwa thupi, kapena mavuto amisala sizikutsimikiziridwa ndi umboni. Chonde musadandaule mopanda chifukwa cha zonena izi.
Kodi nkhungu yakuda imakula ndi kufalikira bwanji?
Nkhungu yakuda ndi gawo la chilengedwe. Imapezeka m'malo ambiri panja. Ngati nyumba yanu ili ndi malo abwino, imatha kumeranso m'nyumba—nthawi zambiri m'zimbudzi, m'zipinda zapansi, m'zipinda zochapira zovala, kapena m'malo omwe madzi amatuluka. Kuti ikule bwino, imafunika:
- Chinyezi
- Mpweya
- Kutentha pakati pa madigiri 40 ndi 100 Fahrenheit (4.4 mpaka 38 Celsius)
- Gwero la cellulose (monga, drywall, pepala, matabwa)
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta nkhungu yakuda tili paliponse mumlengalenga. Timalowa m'nyumba mwanu kudzera pa mawindo, zitseko, ndi makina opumira mpweya, kapena timalowa m'zovala zanu ndi ziweto zanu. Tizilomboti tikangofika pamalo onyowa, timayamba kukula mpaka titayamba kuoneka ndi maso.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi vuto la nkhungu yakuda? (Kuzindikira)
Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vuto la nkhungu yakuda, muyenera kufunsa katswiri wa ziwengo kuti atsimikizire. Kutengera ndi zizindikiro zanu, angakulangizeni kuti muyesedwe mwapadera.
Ndi mayeso ati omwe amachitidwa?
- Kuyesa Kubaya Khungu: Pa nthawi yoyezetsa imeneyi, khungu lanu limakhala ndi vuto la allergen yakuda, nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kukanda pang'ono padzanja lanu kapena kumbuyo kwanu. Ngati muli ndi vuto la allergy, chotupa chaching'ono chofiira, choyabwa (chiphuphu) chidzaonekera mkati mwa mphindi 15. Kuyesa mwachangu kumeneku kungathe kutha mkati mwa ola limodzi.
- Kuyesa Magazi a IgE: Timayesa magazi pang'ono kuti tiyese kuchuluka kwa ma antibodies a IgE omwe thupi lanu lapanga chifukwa cha nkhungu yakuda. Zotsatira zake nthawi zambiri zimatenga pafupifupi sabata imodzi. Kumbukirani kuti mayesowa nthawi zina amatha kupereka zotsatira zabodza, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti angasonyeze kuti muli ndi vuto la ziwengo ngakhale palibe.
Kodi ziwengo za nkhungu yakuda zimachiritsidwa bwanji?
Ngakhale kuti vuto la nkhungu yakuda silingathe kuchiritsidwa kwamuyaya, mungathe kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu bwino .
Gawo lofunika kwambiri ndi kupewa kukhudzidwa ndi nkhungu yakudaNgati muli ndi madzi otayikira kunyumba, konzani nthawi yomweyo. Chotsani zinthu zilizonse zomwe zayamba kuuma.
Kuti muchepetse zizindikiro zanu, mungaganizire izi:
- Kuthirira mphuno: Kutsuka mphuno yanu ndi madzi amchere.
- Mankhwala oletsa kugwidwa ndi histamine: Mankhwala operekedwa ndi dokotala kapena mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala kuti achepetse zizindikiro za ziwengo.
- Mankhwala ophera mphuno otchedwa corticosteroids: Mankhwala ophera mphuno omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kutupa m'njira zamphuno.
- Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kutsekeka kwa Mphuno: Mankhwala ochepetsa kutsekeka kwa mphuno (izi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono osati kwa nthawi yayitali).
- Mapiritsi a Montelukast: Mankhwala omwe nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ziwengo ndi mphumu.
- Mankhwala opumira mphumu: Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za mphumu.
Ngati zizindikiro zanu zikupitirirabe ngakhale mutalandira chithandizochi, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni chithandizo cha immunotherapy (jakisoni wa ziwengo) .
Kodi zotsukira mpweya zimathandiza ndi nkhungu yakuda?
Kumbali ina. Zotsukira mpweya zingathandize kuchotsa spores za nkhungu mumlengalenga , koma sizingachotse nkhungu zomwe zimamera pamalo monga makoma kapena denga.
Kodi mumawononga bwanji nkhungu yakuda nthawi yomweyo?
Kuchotsa nkhungu m'nyumba mwanu sikophweka. Ngati muyesa kuzichotsa nokha, mumakhala pachiwopsezo chotulutsa spores mu aerosol, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zifalikire kumadera ena m'nyumba mwanu. Njira yabwino ndiyo kukonza kaye madzi omwe atuluka. Kenako, gwiritsani ntchito makina okhala ndi fyuluta ya HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) kuti muchepetse spores zomwe zili mumlengalenga, kutseka chipinda chomwe chakhudzidwa, ndikulemba ntchito akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito yochotsa nkhungu.
Kodi mukufuna 'detox' mutakumana ndi nkhungu yakuda?
Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti nkhungu imayambitsa poizoni m'thupi ndipo 'detox' ndi yofunika. Komabe, palibe umboni wachipatala wotsimikizira kuti poizoni wa nkhungu amayambitsa matenda m'thupi mwa anthu omwe amafunika 'detox'. Njira yabwino ndiyo kungodzipatula ku malo okhala ndi nkhungu ndikupempha chithandizo chamankhwala cha zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo.
Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo chokhala ndi vuto la nkhungu yakuda? (Kupewa)
Ngakhale simungathe kuletsa kwathunthu ziwengo za nkhungu, mutha kuchita izi kuti mupewe kukula kwa nkhungu yakuda m'nyumba mwanu :
- Chepetsani chinyezi m'nyumba mwanu. Yesetsani kuti chikhale pakati pa 30% ndi 50%.
- Konzani nthawi yomweyo kutayikira kulikonse m'mapaipi, makoma, kapena denga.
- Chotsani ndi kutaya zinthu monga makapeti onyowa, makapeti, nsalu, makoma owuma, kapena matailosi a padenga omwe sauma konse.
- Gwiritsani ntchito mafani otulutsa utsi m'bafa ndi kukhitchini yanu.
- Onetsetsani kuti makina anu a HVAC ali ndi fyuluta ya mpweya yabwino kwambiri . Yang'anani ngati pali kutuluka kwa madzi mu makinawo ndipo katswiri azikusamalirani nthawi zonse.
Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati muli ndi vuto la nkhungu yakuda?
Tizilombo toyambitsa nkhungu tili paliponse m'chilengedwe chathu, kotero sitingathe kuzipewa kwathunthu. Ngati mutakhala nthawi m'malo omwe muli nkhungu, mutha kuwona zizindikiro. Komabe, ngati muchepetsa kukula kwa nkhungu m'nyumba mwanu, mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri kufalikira kwanu . Ndi mankhwala oyenera, mutha kuwongolera zizindikiro zanu. Nthawi zina, chithandizo cha immunotherapy chingakuthandizeni kufikira mutakhala wopanda zizindikiro.
Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vuto la black bow, funsani dokotala wanu wamkulu kapena katswiri wa ziwengo kuti atsimikizire matendawa.
Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Pitani kwa dokotala ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zosatha za vuto la black nkhungu, makamaka ngati zikukhudza moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku .
Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu?
- Kodi mungatsimikizire bwanji kuti ndili ndi vuto la nkhungu yakuda?
- Ndi mankhwala ati a ziwengo omwe mumalimbikitsa kwa ine?
- Kodi zotsatirapo zake za mankhwalawa ndi ziti?
- Kodi ndiyenera kumwa mankhwala awa tsiku lililonse, kapena pokhapokha ngati zizindikiro zayamba?
- Ngati ndili ndi matenda ena, ndiyenera kuwathetsa bwanji pamodzi ndi ziwengo zimenezi?
Kodi kusiyana pakati pa nkhungu yakuda ndi nkhungu ndi kotani?
Mawu akuti “Mildew” si mawu enieni asayansi. Ena amagwiritsa ntchito mawuwa pofotokoza madontho a pamwamba omwe amayambitsidwa ndi nkhungu, pomwe ena amagwiritsa ntchito pofotokoza mitundu ina ya bowa.
Nkhungu yakuda ndi bowa yomwe imamera m'malo ofunda komanso onyowa. Ma spores ake amatha kuyambitsa ziwengo m'thupi lanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi zizindikiro monga kutsokomola, kuyetsemula, kutsekeka kwa mphuno, ndi maso ofiira. Komabe, nthawi zambiri simayambitsa matenda oopsa kwa anthu ambiri.
Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, pitani kwa dokotala wanu kuti akakupatseni mayeso oyenera komanso dongosolo la chithandizo cha akatswiri.
Uthenga Wopita Kunyumba wa Nirogi Lanka
Nazi mfundo zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira:
- Nkhungu yakuda ndi bowa yomwe imakula bwino m'malo onyowa. Siikhudza aliyense mofanana.
- Muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati muli ndi vuto la nkhungu. Zizindikiro zake zingaphatikizepo kuyetsemula, kutsokomola, kutsekeka, kapena maso ofiira.
- Nkhungu yakuda si yoopsa kwambiri kuposa mitundu ina ya nkhungu. Pewani mantha osafunikira.
- Kusamalira chinyezi m'nyumba ndi kupewa kukula kwa nkhungu ndikofunikira kwambiri. Konzani kutuluka kwa madzi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino ukuyenda bwino.
- Samalani mukachotsa nkhungu. Lembani ntchito akatswiri ngati n'kotheka.
- Fufuzani upangiri wa dokotala ngati muli ndi zizindikiro. Pali mankhwala othandiza omwe alipo.
- Palibe 'detox' yapadera yofunikira. Ingopewani malo ozungulira ndi kuchiza zizindikiro motsogozedwa ndi dokotala.
Tikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto a nkhungu kunyumba, musachite mantha—ingotengani njira zoyenera komanso zodzitetezera.
Ma tag: Nkhungu Yakuda, mitundu ya nkhungu, bowa, ziwengo, ziwengo, matenda opuma, chinyezi chapakhomo, Stachybotrys chartarum, spores za nkhungu, ziwengo za nkhungu
