Kodi maganizo anu sali pamalo amodzi? Kodi n'kovuta kulamulira malingaliro anu? Tiyeni tikambirane za Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva ngati simungathe kulamulira malingaliro anu, ndipo zinthu zikukugwerani mofulumira? Kapena mukudziwa munthu wina amene maganizo ake amasintha mwadzidzidzi, nthawi zambiri kusokoneza ubale wawo ndi ena? Mwina chifukwa chachikulu cha malingaliro amenewa ndi vuto la maganizo lomwe tikambirane lero. Izi zimatchedwa Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) .

Kodi vuto lotchedwa borderline personality disorder (BPD) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, matenda a borderline personality disorder (BPD) ndi matenda amisala omwe amadziwika ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa malingaliro , kusakhazikika kwa maubwenzi a anthu , komanso kusakhazikika maganizo .

Anthu omwe ali ndi BPD amaopa kwambiri kusiyidwa . Amavutikanso kulamulira malingaliro awo, makamaka mkwiyo. Angachitenso zinthu mopupuluma, nthawi zina moopsa (monga kuyendetsa galimoto mosasamala, kuopseza kudzivulaza) . Makhalidwe onsewa angapangitse kuti zikhale zovuta kuti akhalebe ndi ubale wabwino ndi ena.

Matenda a umunthu wa m'malire ndi mtundu wa matenda a umunthu otchedwa ``Cluster B``. Matenda a umunthu a ``Cluster B`` awa amadziwika ndi machitidwe odabwitsa, nthawi zambiri achilendo. Matenda a umunthu ndi machitidwe osakhazikika, osagwira ntchito bwino omwe amasokoneza magwiridwe antchito a tsiku ndi tsiku . Makhalidwe amenewa ndi ovuta kusintha, amapezeka paliponse, ndipo angayambitse mavuto a anthu komanso kuvutika maganizo.

Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi BPD sadziwa kuti ali ndi vutoli, ndipo sadziwa kuti akhoza kuchita zinthu bwino komanso kugwirizana ndi ena.

Kodi matenda awiriwa amatchedwa BPD ndi bipolar disorder?

Inde, pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa ziwirizi. Ngakhale kuti matenda a bipolar amakhudzanso kusintha kwakukulu kwa malingaliro ndi khalidwe, ndi osiyana ndi BPD.

Mu BPD, malingaliro ndi khalidwe zimatha kusintha mofulumira komanso mwadzidzidzi pamene mukukumana ndi nkhawa yaikulu, makamaka pochita zinthu ndi ena . Mu matenda a bipolar, malingaliro amakhala okhazikika , ndipo sachitapo kanthu mwachangu pazochitika zakunja. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a bipolar amakhala ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa mphamvu ndi zochita, zomwe zimasiyana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi BPD.

Ndani amene akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vutoli?

Mavuto ambiri a umunthu amayamba muunyamata, pamene umunthu wanu ukukulabe.Chifukwa chake, anthu ambiri omwe amapezeka ndi vuto la borderline personality disorder amakhala ndi zaka zoposa 18.

Ngakhale kuti aliyense akhoza kudwala BPD, muli ndi mwayi waukulu woti mudwale BPD ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi BPD (mbiri ya banja lanu ya BPD) . Chiwopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena amisala, monga nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, kapena matenda osowa zakudya .

Pafupifupi 75% ya anthu omwe amapezeka ndi BPD ndi akazi , koma kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti amuna nawonso akhoza kukhudzidwa ndi vutoli. Komabe, angaganizidwe molakwika kuti ali ndi Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) kapena kuvutika maganizo.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Matenda a Borderline personality disorder ndi vuto losowa kwambiri . Pafupifupi 1.4% ya akuluakulu ku United States ali ndi BPD.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a borderline personality disorder (BPD) ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za BPD nthawi zambiri zimawonekera muzaka zanu zaunyamata kapena ukalamba . Zizindikirozi zimatha kuyambika kapena kukulirakulira chifukwa cha chochitika choopsa kapena chokumana nacho chodetsa nkhawa.

Pakapita nthawi, zizindikiro zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimachepa ndipo zimatha kutha kwathunthu.

Zizindikiro zimatha kuyambira pa zomwe zingatheke kuthetsedwa mpaka kufika pazovuta kwambiri. Mutha kuwona kuphatikiza kulikonse kwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Kuopa kusiyidwa: N'zofala kuti anthu omwe ali ndi BPD amamva kusasangalala kukhala okha. Akamaona kuti asiyidwa kapena kunyalanyazidwa, amatha kumva mantha kapena mkwiyo waukulu. Angafufuze okondedwa awo ndikuyesera kuwaletsa kuti asachoke. Kapena, angakankhire munthu kutali asanayandikire kwambiri, akuopa kukanidwa. Tangoganizirani mnzanu amene amakwiya mukachedwa kuyankha uthenga ndipo akunena kuti, "Mwandisiya."
• Ubale wosakhazikika komanso wolimba: Anthu omwe ali ndi BPD amakumana ndi vuto lokhala ndi ubale wabwino chifukwa amatha kusintha mwadzidzidzi momwe amaganizira za ena. Angamuone ngati mulungu nthawi ina kenako n’kumuona ngati wopanda pake nthawi ina. Izi zitha kukhala zosiyana. Ubwenzi wawo, maukwati awo, ndi ubale wawo ndi mabanja nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakhazikika komanso zosakhazikika.
• Chithunzi chosakhazikika cha iwe mwini kapena kudzimva wekha:Anthu omwe ali ndi BPD nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chithunzi chopotoka komanso chosamveka bwino cha iwo eni. Nthawi zambiri amadzimva kuti ndi olakwa komanso amanyazi, ndipo amadziona ngati "oipa." Angasinthe mwadzidzidzi chithunzi chawo cha iwo eni, kusintha zolinga zawo, malingaliro awo, ntchito zawo, ndi anzawo. Angawonongenso chitukuko chawo. Mwachitsanzo, angagwire ntchito kuti "alephere" mayeso, awononge ubale wawo, kapena achotsedwe ntchito zawo.
• Kusintha kwa maganizo mwachangu: Anthu omwe ali ndi BPD angasinthe mwadzidzidzi momwe amamvera za ena, iwo eni, komanso dziko lozungulira iwo. Malingaliro osamveka monga mkwiyo, mantha, nkhawa, chidani, chisoni, ndi chikondi amatha kusintha mwachangu komanso mwadzidzidzi. Kusintha kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumatenga maola ochepa okha, nthawi zina masiku ochepa okha.
• Khalidwe losaganizira bwino komanso loopsa: Kuyendetsa galimoto mosaganizira bwino, kumenyana, kutchova juga, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kudya mopitirira muyeso, ndi/kapena kugonana kosatetezeka n’zofala pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi BPD.
• Kudzivulaza mobwerezabwereza kapena khalidwe lodzipha: Anthu omwe ali ndi BPD angadzicheke, kudzipsa, kapena kudzivulaza okha, kapena kuopseza kutero. Angakhalenso ndi maganizo odzipha. Makhalidwe odzivulaza amenewa nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamene wina awakana, akumva kuti wasiyidwa, kapena wakhumudwa nawo chifukwa cha wowasamalira kapena wokondedwa wawo.
• Kumva ngati wopanda pake nthawi zonse: Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi BPD amamva chisoni, kutopa, kusakhutira, komanso "alibe kanthu." Kumva ngati wopanda pake komanso kudzida ndizofala.
• Mavuto Okhudza Kulamulira Mkwiyo: Anthu omwe ali ndi BPD amavutika kulamulira mkwiyo wawo, ndipo amakwiya kwambiri. Angatulutse mkwiyo wawo kudzera m'nthabwala zopweteka, mawu opweteka, kapena kufuula ndi kutukwana. Angamve manyazi komanso kudziimba mlandu akatha nthawi ngati zimenezi.
• Maganizo osakhalitsa okhudza mantha: Nthawi zina mungakumane ndi zochitika zosagwirizana , maganizo okhudza mantha, ndipo nthawi zina mungaone kapena kumva zinthu zomwe sizilipo (zinthu zolota). Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mukakhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri, makamaka mukaopa kuti mutayidwa. Zizindikirozi ndi zakanthawi kochepa ndipo nthawi zambiri sizimakhala zazikulu mokwanira kuti ziganizidwe ngati matenda osiyana.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti si aliyense amene ali ndi vuto la umunthu wa m'malire omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zonsezi. Kuopsa kwa zizindikirozo, kuchuluka kwa nthawi zomwe zimachitika, komanso nthawi yomwe zimatha zimasiyana malinga ndi munthu ndi munthu.

Kodi zifukwa zake zingakhale zotani?

Madokotala amakhulupirira kuti zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimathandiza kuti matenda a BPD ayambe. Zinthu zazikulu ndi izi:

• Nkhanza ndi kuvulala ali ana: Pafupifupi 70% ya anthu omwe ali ndi BPD adakumanapo ndi nkhanza zogonana, zamaganizo, kapena zakuthupi ali ana. Kulekana ndi mayi, ubale woipa ndi mayi, malire osayenera m'banja, komanso kuledzera kwa makolo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo zimagwirizanitsidwanso ndi BPD.
• Majini: Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti vuto la umunthu wa m'malire limapezeka m'mabanja. Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi BPD, muli ndi mwayi waukulu woti mungakhale nayo, koma sizikutanthauza kuti mudzatero.
• Kusintha kwa ubongo: Ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zimalamulira malingaliro ndi machitidwe mwa anthu omwe ali ndi BPD sizimalankhulana bwino. Mavutowa amakhudza momwe ubongo wawo umagwirira ntchito.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji vutoli?

Popeza umunthu umapitirira kukula ali mwana komanso ali wachinyamata, madokotala nthawi zambiri sazindikira munthu amene ali ndi vuto la umunthu wa m'malire asanakwanitse zaka 18. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, munthu wosakwana zaka 18 angadziwike ndi BPD ngati zizindikiro zake zili zazikulu kwambiri ndipo zakhalapo kwa chaka chimodzi.

Matenda a umunthu wa m'malire, kuphatikizapo matenda ena a umunthu, akhoza kukhala ovuta kuwazindikira chifukwa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la umunthu sadziwa makhalidwe ndi njira zoganizira zomwe zimavutitsa ena.

Ngakhale atapempha thandizo, si chifukwa cha vuto la umunthu lomwe ali nalo. M'malo mwake, akufuna thandizo pazochitika monga nkhawa kapena kuvutika maganizo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mavuto okhudzana ndi umunthu wawo (monga kusudzulana, kutayika kwa maubwenzi).

Katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito zamaganizo - katswiri wa zamaganizo , katswiri wa zamaganizo , kapena wogwira ntchito zachipatala - amatha kuzindikira BPD. Amagwiritsa ntchito njira zodziwira BPD mu American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) .

Kuti achite izi, iwo:

• Kuyankhulana kwathunthu kumachitika ndipo zizindikiro zake zimakambidwa.
• Mbiri ya zachipatala za munthu payekha komanso mbiri ya zachipatala ya banja zimafunsidwa, makamaka zokhudza matenda amisala.
• Kufunsa za ntchito zomwe ndagwira kale.
• Amafunsa ngati angathe kulamulira maganizo awo mwadzidzidzi.

Akatswiri azaumoyo wamaganizo nthawi zambiri amalankhula ndi banja la munthuyo komanso anzake kuti apeze zambiri zokhudza khalidwe lake ndi mbiri yake.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

M'mbuyomu, kuchiza BPD kwakhala kovuta. Komabe, ndi mankhwala atsopano, ozikidwa pa umboni, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi BPD awona kuchepa kwa zizindikiro, kuchepa kwa kuuma, magwiridwe antchito abwino, komanso moyo wabwino.

Komabe, chithandizo chogwira mtima chimafuna nthawi, kuleza mtima, ndi kudzipereka.Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo psychotherapy (kulankhulana), mankhwala, kapena zonse ziwiri.

Ngati muli ndi nkhawa kwambiri kapena muli pachiwopsezo chodzivulaza nokha kapena ena, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mugonekedwe m'chipatala kwa kanthawi kochepa. Mukakhala m'chipatala, dokotala wanu adzagwira nanu ntchito kuti apange dongosolo la chithandizo.

Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la umunthu wa m'malire nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda ena amisala:

• Matenda a maganizo (pakati pa 80% ndi 96% ya anthu omwe ali ndi BPD)
• Matenda a nkhawa (88%)
• Matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (64%)
• Matenda a kudya (53%)
• Matenda a kusowa chidwi/kuthamanga kwambiri (ADHD) (pakati pa 10% ndi 30%)
• Matenda a Bipolar (15%)
• Matenda a Somatoform (10%)

Ngati ali ndi vuto lina ngati ili, ayeneranso kulandira chithandizo cha vuto limenelo.

Psychotherapy kwa BPD

Chithandizo cha maganizo ndi njira yaikulu yochizira BPD. Cholinga cha chithandizo ndi kukuthandizani kuzindikira zomwe zimayambitsa ndi mantha omwe ali kumbuyo kwa malingaliro ndi machitidwe anu, komanso kukuthandizani kuphunzira kukhala ndi ubale wabwino ndi ena.

Pali njira zingapo zothandizira BPD:

• Chithandizo cha Makhalidwe Okhudzana ndi Kulankhula (DBT): Mtundu uwu wa chithandizo umapangidwa makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi BPD. DBT imayang'ana kwambiri kukuthandizani kuvomereza zenizeni za moyo wanu ndi makhalidwe anu, komanso kuphunzira kusintha moyo wanu, kuphatikizapo makhalidwe osathandiza. Imaphunzitsa luso lokuthandizani kuthana ndi malingaliro amphamvu, kuchepetsa makhalidwe odzivulaza, komanso kukonza maubwenzi.
• Chithandizo cha Maganizo (CBT): Ichi ndi chithandizo chokonzedwa bwino komanso cholunjika. Katswiri wanu wa zamaganizo kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo adzakuthandizani kuyang'ana malingaliro ndi momwe mukumvera. Mudzaphunzira momwe malingaliro anu amakhudzira zochita zanu. Kudzera mu CBT, mutha kuphunzira kusiya malingaliro ndi machitidwe oipa ndikukhala ndi malingaliro ndi zizolowezi zabwino.
• Chithandizo chamagulu: Uwu ndi mtundu wa chithandizo chamaganizo. Mu izi, gulu la anthu limasonkhana, kufotokoza ndikukambirana mavuto awo motsogozedwa ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo. Chithandizo chamagulu chingathandize anthu omwe ali ndi BPD kuyanjana bwino ndi ena ndikufotokozera bwino momwe akumvera.

Mankhwala a BPD

Popeza ubwino wa mankhwala a matenda a borderline personality disorder sudziwika bwino, madokotala nthawi zambiri sapereka mankhwala ngati chithandizo chachikulu cha BPD.

Komabe, nthawi zina, dokotala wa matenda amisala angapereke mankhwala ochizira zizindikiro zinazake kapena matenda ena amisala omwe amabwera nthawi yomweyo. Mankhwala angathandize kuchiza nkhawa ndi kuvutika maganizo, kuthetsa kusintha kwa maganizo, kapena kuwongolera khalidwe losakhazikika. Mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala/Neuroleptic amathandiza anthu ena omwe ali ndi BPD.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha vutoli ndi chotani? (Zomwe zidzachitike)

Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro za BPD zimachepa pang'onopang'ono akamakula. Zizindikiro za anthu ena zimatha akafika zaka 40. Ndi chithandizo choyenera, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi BPD amaphunzira kuthana ndi zizindikiro zawo ndikukweza moyo wawo.

Popanda chithandizo - kapena ngati chithandizocho chalephera - anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la umunthu wa borderline ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha:

• Matenda a kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mowa.
• Kuvutika maganizo.
• Kudzipweteketsa.
• Kudzipha.

Chiwopsezo cha kudzipha pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi BPD ndi chokwera nthawi 40 kuposa anthu onse. Pakati pa 8% ndi 10% ya anthu omwe ali ndi BPD amafa ndi kudzipha.

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi BPD yosachiritsidwa amakhala ndi maubwenzi osakhazikika komanso osakhazikika, ndipo amavutika kugwira ntchito. Ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kusudzulana, kusagwirizana ndi banja, komanso kusweka kwa ubwenzi. Mavuto azamalamulo ndi azachuma nawonso ndi ofala.

Kodi vutoli lingapewedwe?

Mwatsoka, palibe njira yopewera vuto la umunthu wa m'malire.

BPD nthawi zambiri imachitika m'mabanja, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi BPD, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa. Funsani dokotala wanu momwe mungadziwire zizindikiro za matendawa kuti mupeze chithandizo mwachangu.

Kodi mungamuthandize bwanji munthu amene ali ndi BPD?

Ngati mukudziwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la umunthu wa m'malire, nazi njira zina zomwe mungamuthandizire:

• Tengani nthawi yophunzira za BPD kuti mumvetse zomwe wokondedwa wanu akukumana nazo.
• Limbikitsani wokondedwa wanu kuti akapeze chithandizo cha BPD. Ngati ndinu wachibale, funsani za chithandizo cha banja.
• Perekani chithandizo chamaganizo, kumvetsetsa, ndi kuleza mtima. Kusintha kungakhale kovuta komanso koopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi BPD. Komabe, ndi chithandizo, zizindikiro zawo zimatha kusintha pakapita nthawi.
• Ngati mukumva kupsinjika maganizo kapena muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda amisala monga nkhawa kapena kuvutika maganizo, ganizirani zofunafuna chithandizo. Sankhani munthu wina osati wokondedwa wanu yemwe ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo.

Kudzivulaza ndi khalidwe lodzipha ndi lalikulu kwambiri pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi BPD kuposa anthu ambiri.

Anthu omwe ali ndi BPD omwe akuganiza zodzivulaza kapena kuyesa kudzipha amafunika thandizo mwachangu.

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akukumana ndi mavuto nthawi yomweyo kapena akuganiza zodzivulaza, imbani 1926 (foni yothandiza kupewa kudzipha ku Sri Lanka).

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti matenda amisala a borderline personality disorder (BPD) ndi matenda amisala omwe amakhudza moyo wonse. Komabe, chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali, monga mankhwala ndi chithandizo cha kulankhula, chingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu. Ndikofunikira kukumana ndi gulu lanu lazachipatala nthawi zonse kuti muwonenso dongosolo lanu la chithandizo ndi zizindikiro zake. Dziwani kuti madokotala ndi okondedwa anu alipo kuti akuthandizeni.

Achibale ndi okondedwa a anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la umunthu wa m'malire nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, chisoni, komanso kusungulumwa. Ndikofunikira kusamalira thanzi lanu la maganizo ndikupempha thandizo ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikirozi.

BPD , Matenda a Borderline Personality, Thanzi la Maganizo, Matenda a Umunthu, Malamulo a Maganizo, Mavuto a Ubale, Mavuto a Khalidwe