Chithandizo cha Khansa ya M'mawere: Zimene Muyenera Kudziwa

N'zovuta kufotokoza m'mawu mantha ndi kudabwa komwe mumamva mukazindikira kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Mwina muli ndi mafunso ambiri m'maganizo mwanu, monga 'Ndichite chiyani tsopano?', 'Ndidzapatsidwa mankhwala otani?', 'Kodi awa adzakhala mankhwala abwino?' Koma musachite mantha. Masiku ano, sayansi yapita patsogolo kwambiri, ndipo palinso mankhwala othandiza kwambiri komanso apamwamba a khansa ya m'mawere. Pali njira zambiri tsopano kuposa kale. Choncho tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta, m'chinenero chomwe mungamvetse.

Pali zolinga ziwiri zazikulu za chithandizo.

Pali zolinga ziwiri zazikulu za chithandizo chilichonse chomwe mumalandira.

1. Kuchotsa kwathunthu maselo ambiri a khansa m'thupi lanu.

2. Kuletsa kubwereranso kwa matendawa.

Kuti akwaniritse zolinga ziwirizi, madokotala amapanga dongosolo loyenera kwambiri la chithandizo kwa inu.

Kodi mumasankha bwanji chithandizo chomwe chikukuyenererani bwino?

"Ndi mankhwala ati omwe ndi oyenera kwa ine?" Mwina ili ndi funso lalikulu lomwe limabwera m'maganizo mwanu. Dokotala wanu adzaganizira zinthu zingapo asanakulimbikitseni chithandizo.

• Mtundu wa khansa ya m'mawere yomwe muli nayo: Inde, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa ya m'mawere.
• Kukula ndi kufalikira kwa khansa: Izi zikutanthauza gawo la khansa. Izi zikutanthauza kutalika kwa kufalikira kwake m'thupi.
• Zinthu zapadera za chotupa: Maselo anu a khansa amafufuzidwa kuti apeze 'ma receptor' omwe amayankha mahomoni a ``HER2 protein'', estrogen, ndi progesterone. Izi zili ngati 'chakudya' kuti maselo a khansa akule.
• Maulalo a majini: Khansa zina za m'mawere zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini komwe kumadutsa m'mibadwomibadwo.
• Zinthu zomwe mumachita: Zaka zanu, kaya mwakhala mukusiya kusamba, matenda ena omwe muli nawo (monga matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima), ndi zomwe mumakonda ndizofunikira kwambiri pa chisankhochi.

Kodi mankhwala a khansa ya m'mawere ndi otani?

Njira zochiritsira zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu. Mankhwala ena amangokhudza malo omwe khansa yafalikira, pomwe ena amakhudza thupi lonse.

Mankhwala a m'deralo: Omwe amayang'ana kokha komwe khansa ili.

Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga kapena kuchotsa maselo a khansa m'mawere ndi minofu yozungulira.

• Opaleshoni: Kwa anthu ambiri, chithandizo choyamba ndi opaleshoni yochotsa chotupa cha khansa. Nthawi zina chemotherapy imaperekedwa opaleshoni isanayambe kuti chotupacho chichepe.
• Kuchotsa Lumpectomy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa gawo la bere lomwe lili ndi khansa. Izi zimatchedwanso opaleshoni yosunga bere.
• Kuchotsa bere lonse: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa bere lonse. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zonse ziwiri.

• Chithandizo cha Radiation: Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwamphamvu kwambiri kuwononga maselo a khansa. Anthu ambiri omwe adachitidwa opaleshoni ya lumpectomy amalandiranso chithandizochi. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo ang'onoang'ono a khansa omwe sanathe kuchotsedwa panthawi ya opaleshoni.

Mankhwala Ochiza Matenda: Amene Amakhudza Thupi Lonse

Mankhwalawa amawononga kapena kulamulira maselo a khansa m'thupi lonse.

• Chemotherapy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala amphamvu omwe amapha maselo a khansa. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ngati mapiritsi kapena kudzera mu IV. Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kuti aphe maselo aliwonse a khansa omwe angatsale pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Ngakhale kuti chithandizochi, chodziwika bwino kuti ``Chemo,'' chimagwira ntchito bwino pa maselo a khansa, chingawonongenso maselo athanzi m'thupi lathu. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha zotsatirapo zake.

• Chithandizo cha Mahomoni: Khansa zina zimadalira mahomoni, makamaka estrogen, kuti zikule. Chithandizochi chimagwira ntchito poletsa mahomoni kufika m'maselo a khansa. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi ndi monga tamoxifen ndi aromatase inhibitors.

• Chithandizo Cholunjika: Iyi ndi njira yapamwamba kwambiri. Mankhwalawa ali ngati zipolopolo 'zanzeru'. Amangoukira malo enieni m'maselo a khansa, osavulaza kwambiri maselo athanzi. Mankhwala monga `(Trastuzumab)` amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa zomwe zili ndi mapuloteni ambiri a `(HER2). Palinso njira zina zochizira monga `(PARP inhibitors)` ndi `(Kinase inhibitors)`.

• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Iyi ndi njira yamakono kwambiri. Mwachidule, imalimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu kuti chiukire maselo a khansa. Pembrolizumab ndi chitsanzo cha mankhwala otere.

Ndondomeko yanu ya chithandizo ingakhale yophatikiza njira izi. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zina opaleshoni, chithandizo cha radiation, ndi chemotherapy zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi.

Tiyeni tiphunzirenso za zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwala.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere chingayambitse zotsatirapo zoyipa. Zambiri zimatha mankhwala akasiya. Zina zimatha kubwera pambuyo pake. Ndikofunikira kudziwa izi pasadakhale.

Kusabereka ndi Kusamba chifukwa cha chithandizo

Nkhaniyi ndi yofunika kwambiri, makamaka kwa atsikana. Mankhwala ena a chemotherapy ndi mahomoni angayambitse kusabereka kwakanthawi kapena kosatha kapena kusamba msanga.

Pali njira monga kuzizira mazira, kotero ndikofunikira kwambiri kukambirana za izi pasadakhale.

Kodi mumatani ndi zotsatirapo zooneka?

Popeza kusintha kwina komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha chithandizo kumaonekera, kumatha kukhudza kwambiri momwe mukumvera. Koma pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muthane nazo.

• Kutaya tsitsi: Zimakhala zovuta kumva tsitsi lanu likayamba kugwa. Koma mukhoza kukonzekera. Mutha kudula tsitsi lanu lalifupi, kuvala masiketi abwino, zipewa, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito wig. Kumbukirani, izi ndi zakanthawi. Tsitsi lanu lidzakulanso chithandizo chitatha.
• Lymphedema: Uku ndi kutupa kwa mkono kumbali komwe ma lymph node anu adachotsedwa. Samalani kuti musavulaze mkono. Pewani kunyamula zinthu zolemera kapena kulandira jakisoni m'dzanja limenelo. Ngati mukumva kuti mkono wanu ukutupa, uzani dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
• Kusintha kwa kulemera: Anthu ena amachepa thupi, ena amalemera. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudya chakudya chopatsa thanzi panthawiyi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono momwe mungathere ndikwabwino kwa thupi ndi malingaliro.
• Kusintha kwa khungu ndi misomali: Ngati khungu lanu ndi louma, gwiritsani ntchito mafuta odzola omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani. Valani mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa mukamapita ku dzuwa. Sungani misomali yanu ili yaifupi komanso yoyera.

Thanzi la Maganizo ndi Chithandizo

Kulimbana ndi khansa ndi vuto lalikulu, mwakuthupi komanso m'maganizo. Ndizachibadwa kumva chisoni, kukwiya, kukhumudwa, komanso mantha. Nthawi zina, izi zingayambitse kuvutika maganizo.

Ngati nthawi zonse mukumva chisoni, mulibe chidwi chochita chilichonse, mukuvutika kugona, kapena mukumva kuti mulibe chiyembekezo, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kapena munthu amene mumamudalira za vutoli.

Chisamaliro Chothandizira Kuchepetsa Kupweteka ndi Chowonjezera

• Chisamaliro Chochepetsa Khansa: Izi sizikutanthauza kusiya chithandizo. Zimatanthauza kuthandiza kusunga moyo wanu wabwino mwa kuchepetsa zizindikiro monga kupweteka, nseru, ndi kuvutika maganizo pamene mukulandira chithandizo chochiritsira khansa.
• Mankhwala Owonjezera: Zinthu monga yoga, kusinkhasinkha, ndi kutikita minofu zingathandize kuchepetsa nkhawa zanu. Koma kumbukirani kuti izi sizingalowe m'malo mwa chithandizo chamankhwala chodziwika bwino. Muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu musanayambe chilichonse chonga ichi.