Tiyeni tiphunzire za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa ya m'mawere (Mitundu ya Khansa ya m'mawere)

Ambiri a ife timachita mantha tikamva mawu oti ' Khansa ya m'mawere', sichoncho? Koma kodi mumadziwa kuti uwu si mtundu umodzi wa matenda, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matendawa? Kudziwa mtundu weniweni wa khansa yomwe muli nayo ndikofunikira kwambiri podziwa chithandizo chomwe mudzalandire. Choncho tiyeni tikambirane za izi mosavuta komanso mwaubwenzi lero. Kudziwa zinthu izi kudzakhala mphamvu yayikulu kwa inu.

Kugawa khansa malinga ndi komwe imayambira

Njira imodzi imene madokotala amafotokozera khansa ya m'mawere ndi pamene inayambira m'thupi komanso ngati yafalikira.

Mwachidule, khansa zambiri za m'mawere ndi za mtundu wotchedwa carcinoma. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimayambira m'minofu yomwe ili mkati mwa bere ndi ziwalo zina. Ambiri mwa khansa zimenezi amagwera mu mtundu wotchedwa adenocarcinoma. Izi ndi khansa zomwe zimayambira m'mitsempha yonyamula mkaka kapena m'maselo opanga mkaka (lobules) a bere.

Khansa ya m'matumbo

Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa ya m'mawere . Ilinso ndi magawo awiri akuluakulu.

1. Khansa ya m'mawere (DCIS): Iyi ndi nthawi yoyambirira ya khansa ya m'mawere. Mawu oti 'In Situ' amatanthauza "komwe ili." Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselo a khansa akadali mkati mwa ducts za mkaka. Sanafalikire kunja. Mtundu uwu umakhala pafupifupi khansa imodzi mwa zisanu zomwe zapezeka kumene. Gawo labwino kwambiri ndilakuti mtundu uwu umatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu.

2. Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC): Iyi ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa ya m'mawere . Imakhala pafupifupi 80% ya khansa zonse za m'mawere zomwe zapezeka. 'Invasive' imatanthauza "wankhanza." Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselo a khansa afalikira kunja kwa ducts za mkaka ndi minofu yozungulira. Pali mitundu ingapo ya mtundu uwu wa IDC. Ngakhale kuti ndi zovuta pang'ono, tiyeni tiwone mwachidule.

Lobular Carcinoma

Mu mtundu uwu, maselo osazolowereka amakula m'kati mwa tinthu tomwe timatulutsa mkaka (lobules) m'mawere.

• Khansa ya m'mawere yotchedwa Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC): Iyi ndi khansa yachiwiri yofala kwambiri ya m'mawere. Khansa yamtunduwu imayambira m'mawere ndikufalikira ku minofu yozungulira. Kenako imatha kufalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi, monga ma lymph nodes.
• Lobular Carcinoma in Situ (LCIS): Musachite mantha ndi dzinali. Madokotala saona LCIS ngati khansa chifukwa siifalikira kunja kwa bere. Komabe, kukhala ndi LCIS kumatanthauza kuti muli ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere mtsogolo.

Mitundu ina yosowa ya khansa ya m'mawere

Izi sizofala kwambiri, koma ndizofunikira kudziwa.

• Khansa ya m'mawere yotupa: Iyi ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri (yosakwana 5%) komanso yoopsa. Zizindikiro zake zimasiyana ndi zina. Maselo a khansa amatseka mitsempha ya lymphatic m'mawere. Izi zimapangitsa kuti bere lizitupa, likhale lofiira, ndipo khungu likhale lokhuthala . Nthawi zina khungu la bere limatha kuoneka ngati khungu la lalanje . Mtundu uwu ukhoza kufalikira mwachangu.
• Matenda a Phyllodes: Izi ndi zotupa zomwe zimapezeka kawirikawiri zomwe zimapangidwa m'minofu yolumikizirana ya bere. Chimodzi chokha mwa zinayi mwa izo chimakhala khansa. Zina zonse ndi zotupa zopanda vuto.
• Angiosarcoma: Khansa iyi imapezeka m'mitsempha yamagazi ndi m'mitsempha ya lymph. Imapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 70.
• Matenda a Paget : Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri. Ndi khansa yomwe imayamba m'chifuwa ndi m'malo ozungulira (areola). Khungu la chifuwa limatha kukhala ndi mamba, kufiira, komanso kuyabwa . Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a Paget alinso ndi khansa yotchedwa DCIS kapena IDC.
• Khansa ya m'mawere yofalikira: 'Metastatic' imatanthauza kuti khansa yafalikira kunja kwa bere kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Madokotala amatchanso izi kuti "zapamwamba" kapena "gawo lachinayi." Nthawi zambiri imafalikira ku chiwindi, ubongo, mafupa, kapena mapapo.

Kugawa khansa m'magulu pogwiritsa ntchito majini ndi mahomoni

Mukapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere, dokotala wanu adzayesa maselo a khansa kuti aone ngati mahomoni a estrogen kapena progesterone , kapena ngati pali majini enaake, akukhudza kukula kwa khansa.

Ndi kuchokera ku mayeso awa komwe dokotala amasankha chithandizo choyenera komanso cholunjika bwino kwa inu.

• Khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2: Pafupifupi khansa imodzi mwa zisanu za m'mawere ili ndi puloteni yotchedwa `HER2` (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2). Puloteni iyi imathandiza maselo a khansa kukula. Khansa ya HER2 ikhoza kukhala yamphamvu kwambiri. Koma pali njira zina zochizira zomwe zimayang'ana puloteni iyi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kuchiza.

• Cholandira cha Hormone - chabwino kapena choipa: Maselo ena a khansa ali ndi malo apadera (ma receptor) pamwamba pawo omwe mahomoni amatha kumamatirako. Ganizirani selo ngati chitseko, ndipo ma receptor awa ali ngati mabowo a kiyi mkati mwake.
• ER-positive: Maselo a khansa ali ndi ma receptors omwe amatha kumangirira ku hormone ya estrogen.
• PR-positive: Maselo a khansa ali ndi ma receptors omwe amatha kumamatira ku hormone ya progesterone.
• Kukhala ndi mahomoni olandirira matenda kumatanthauza kuti chimodzi mwa ziwirizi kapena zonse ziwiri zilipo. Popeza mahomoni amathandiza mitundu iyi ya khansa kukula, amatha kuchiritsidwa bwino ndi mankhwala oletsa mahomoni (mankhwala a mahomoni).
• Hormone-receptor-negative imatanthauza kuti ma receptor onsewa palibe.

• Matenda atatu osapezeka: Mtundu uwu umakhala pafupifupi 15% ya milandu. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, maselo a khansa awa ali ndi ma estrogen receptors (ETRs)., ma progesterone receptors (PR) ndi HER2 onse akusowa. Chifukwa chake, sichingathe kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala a mahomoni kapena mankhwala opangidwa ndi HER2. Izi zingapangitse kuti chithandizo chikhale chovuta pang'ono, koma pali njira zina zochiritsira, monga chemotherapy.

Mukadziwa mtundu wa khansa yomwe muli nayo, kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za momwe imakhudzira mwayi wanu wochira komanso njira zabwino zochiritsira. Musaope kufunsa mafunso onse.