Kodi muli ndi mawanga ngati awa mkati mwa tsaya lanu? Tiyeni tiphunzire za (Khansa ya Buccal Mucosa)!

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo ngati chilonda chaching'ono kapena malo oyera mkamwa mwanu, makamaka mkati mwa tsaya lanu, chingakhale choopsa? Nthawi zina timanyalanyaza. Komabe, ngati zinthuzi sizinayang'aniridwe bwino, zitha kukhalanso khansa ya mkati mwa tsaya lanu (`Buccal Mucosa Cancer`) . Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane lero, chifukwa ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa izi.

Kodi khansa iyi yomwe ili mkati mwa tsaya (Buccal Mucosa Cancer) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, iyi ndi khansa yomwe imayamba m'minofu yofewa mkati mwa pakamwa pathu, mkati mwa masaya athu, yotchedwa mucous membrane . Madokotala amatcha iyi ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imapezeka m'dera la mutu ndi khosi.

Kodi mungaganizire, mkati mwa masaya athu mumayambira pamilomo mpaka mano omaliza kumbuyo? Gawo limenelo limatchedwa 'buccal mucosa'. Ili ndi nembanemba yosalala komanso yonyowa . Imapangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo za minofu. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuthandiza pakamwa pathu pamene tikudya ndi kutafuna. Imatetezanso mkati mwa pakamwa pathu ku mankhwala oopsa ndi matenda omwe amapezeka m'zinthu zomwe timadya ndi kumwa.

Kodi pali mitundu iti ya khansa iyi?

Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa womwe umapezeka mkati mwa tsaya umatchedwa `Squamous cell carcinoma`. Maselo a `squamous` awa ndi mtundu wa selo lathyathyathya, lopyapyala lomwe limapezeka pamwamba pa khungu. Chifukwa chake, ndi m'maselo awa momwe khansa iyi imayambira koyamba.

• `Khansa yomwe ili pamalopo` : Iyi ndi nthawi yoyambirira pomwe khansayo imakhalabe pamwamba pa khungu, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sinafalikire mozama . Ngati yapezeka msanga, imakhala yosavuta kuchiza.
• Khansa yofalikira : Komabe, pamene khansa ikupita patsogolo, imatha kufalikira ku minofu yapansi ndipo nthawi zina ku ziwalo zina za thupi . Izi zimatchedwa khansa yofalikira .

Kuwonjezera pa `Squamous cell carcinoma` iyi, palinso mitundu ina yosowa ya khansa. Iyi ndi:

• Lymphoma : Pali maselo a lymphoid m'kamwa mwathu. Lymphoma imachitika pamene maselowa akukhala khansa .
• Mucosal melanoma : Monga momwe melanoma imakulira pakhungu lathu, khansa iyi imathanso kukula m'maselo a pigment (melanocytes) omwe ali mkamwa.
• Kansa ya Verrucous : Iyi ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imakula pang'onopang'ono koma ndi yosavuta kuchiza . Ingawoneke ngati kolifulawa.

Kodi khansa imeneyi ndi yofala bwanji?

Kwenikweni, `Buccal Mucosa Cancer` ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri.Komabe, pokamba za khansa ya mkamwa, iyi ndi mbali ina. Malinga ndi American Cancer Society, milandu yatsopano pafupifupi 15,000 ya khansa ya mkamwa imanenedwa chaka chilichonse. Izi zikuphatikizapo khansa ya tsaya, mano, chingamu, ndi mkamwa, komanso khansa ya lilime.

Chiwopsezo chotenga khansa iyi nthawi zambiri chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba . Imapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 40. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa izi mukakula.

Kodi zizindikiro za khansa iyi ndi ziti?

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira zizindikirozo pachiyambi . Ngati muli ndi zizindikirozi mkamwa mwanu kwa milungu yoposa iwiri, muyenera kuwonana ndi dokotala.

Zizindikiro zoyambirira:

• Zilonda zopweteka kapena zilonda mkamwa, makamaka m'masaya.
• Kuoneka kwa madontho kapena mabala okwezeka, oyera kapena ofiira .
• Kutuluka magazi kosalekeza, makamaka mukatha kudya kapena kutsuka mano.

Zizindikiro zomwe zingachitike ngati khansa yafalikira:

Ngati khansayo ikukula, kapena kufalikira ku minofu yozungulira pakamwa kapena ku ma lymph nodes m'khosi, zizindikiro monga:

• Mpweya woipa .
• Kumva kuvutika kutsegula pakamwa.
• Mano akuyamba kumasuka .
• Chipolopolo cha lymph m'khosi chimatupa ndipo chimamveka ngati chotupa .
• Kumva dzanzi kapena kunjenjemera mkamwa.
• Kuvuta kumeza chakudya ('Mavuto omeza').
• Ngati nsagwada yanu yatupa ndipo mukuvala mano opangidwa ndi mano, zimamveka ngati sakukwanira bwino mkamwa mwanu .

Ngati mwadzidzidzi mwakhala ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi, musachite mantha. Koma, pitani kwa dokotala ndikupeza upangiri. Chifukwa mukazindikira msanga, zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa khansa imeneyi?

Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa khansa ya `Buccal Mucosa Cancer` ndi kupezeka ndi zinthu zomwe zimavulaza thupi lathu . Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito fodya : Izi zikuphatikizapo kusuta fodya monga ndudu, ndudu, ndi mapaipi, komanso fodya wosasuta (zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chingamu, chingamu) . M'dziko lathu, chingamu chotafuna ndi chofala kwambiri. Chifukwa chimodzi cha izi ndi mtedza wa betel (`Betel nut`) womwe uli nawo. Mtedza wa betel ndi chinthu cholimbikitsa chomwe chimamera ku Asia ndi Africa. Anthu amaupera kukhala ufa, amaukulunga ndi tsamba, kenako n’kuutafuna.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mowa mopitirira muyeso: Chiwopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu kwa anthu omwe amamwa mowa wambiri nthawi zonse.
• Kachilombo ka Human Papilloma (HPV): HPV ndi kachilombo kopatsirana pogonana. Mitundu ina ya HPV ingayambitse khansa ya m'mimba ndi kumbuyo kwa pakhosi. Komabe, momwe imakhudzira khansa ya mkamwa, monga ya m'masaya, sikunamvetsetsedwe bwino.

Kuwonjezera pa izi, palinso zinthu zina zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito chamba .
• Kusasamalira bwino pakamwa.
• Zakudya zosapatsa thanzi .

Kodi khansa imeneyi imapezeka bwanji?

Kawirikawiri, mukapita kwa dokotala wa mano, chinthu choyamba chomwe amaona ndi kusintha kwa mkati mwa tsaya lanu akamafufuza pakamwa panu. Ngati akukayikira kuti pali vuto, adzakutumizani kwa katswiri (wopereka chithandizo chamankhwala) kuti akakuyezeninso. Mayesowa angaphatikizepo:

• Kufufuza za thupi: Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chitsanzo cha minofu kuchokera pamalo okayikitsa ndikuyesa mu labu . Ngati pali chotupa, dokotala angagwiritse ntchito scalpel, chida chobaya, burashi, kapena singano yaying'ono kuti atenge chitsanzocho. Iyi ndiyo njira yokhayo yodziwira ngati ndi khansa.
• Mayeso ojambulira: Mayeso monga CT scans, MRI scans, ndi PET scans angathandize dokotala wanu kumvetsetsa bwino chotupacho ndikuwona ngati khansa yafalikira kumadera ena.

Kodi khansa iyi ili ndi magiredi ndi magawo otani?

Kuchuluka kwa khansa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zotsatira za biopsy, yomwe imayang'ana momwe maselo a khansa alili osiyana ndi maselo athanzi ozungulira, komanso momwe amaonekera komanso momwe alili.

• Maselo osiyanitsidwa bwino: Awa ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi minofu yathanzi ndipo motero ali ndi chiopsezo chochepa chofalikira .
• Maselo osasiyana bwino: Awa ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi minofu yathanzi ndipo motero ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chofalikira .

Magulu a khansa ya m'mawere amagawidwa motere:

• `GX`: Giredi sinayesedwe.
• `G1`: Yafotokozedwa bwino.
• `G2`: Yosiyana pang'ono.
• `G3` ndi `G4`: Zosiyana pang'ono.

Kuyeza kuchuluka kwa khansa ndi njira yomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito kuti amvetse kuopsa kwa khansa komanso momwe iyenera kuchiritsidwira. Izi zimakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Kukula kwa chotupa.
• Kaya yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes (`Kukhudzidwa kwa ma lymph node`).
• Kaya yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi (`Metastasis`).

Pali magawo 1 mpaka 4. Gawo 1 (`Gawo 1`)Izi zikutanthauza kuti chotupacho ndi chaching'ono, sichinafalikire ku ma lymph nodes, ndipo sichinafalikire kumadera ena. Mu magawo ena, pakhoza kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu izi.

Kodi `Khansa ya Buccal Mucosa` iyi imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Dokotala wanu adzapanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe likugwirizana ndi matenda anu, giredi, ndi gawo la khansa yanu.

Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri ndiyo njira yaikulu yochizira khansa yamtunduwu. Dokotala wa opaleshoni amayesa kuchotsa khansa yambiri momwe angathere. Pa opaleshoniyi, njira zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu yathanzi yozungulira komanso kusunga ntchito ya pakamwa.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni njira zina zothandizira kuti khansa isabwererenso. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Chithandizo cha radiation: Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya radiation yamphamvu kwambiri kuti iwononge maselo a khansa.
• Chemotherapy: Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khansa.

Kodi khansa iyi ingapewedwe?

Inde, n'zothekadi! Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe kukula kwa khansa ya `Buccal Mucosa` ndi izi:

• Pewani kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.
• Kusiya kusuta fodya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina za fodya ndi lingaliro labwino, makamaka ngati muli ndi chizolowezi chotafuna masamba a betel.

Komanso, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupita kukayezetsa mano nthawi zonse ('maulendo a mano') . Kenako, ngati pali kusintha kulikonse pakamwa, kumatha kuzindikirika msanga . Ngati ndi choncho, ndikosavuta kuchiza.

Kodi pali chiyembekezo chotani cha khansa iyi?

Kuzindikira msanga ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa khansa yamtunduwu. Mukazindikira msanga, mwayi wanu wopulumuka umakhala wabwino. Komabe, ngakhale mutazindikira msanga, mwayi wopulumuka mu mkhalidwe uwu nthawi zina umakhala wochepa kwambiri.

Mu kafukufuku wina wa odwala 30 omwe ali ndi `Buccal Mucosa Cancer`, 53% yokha ndi omwe anali ndi moyo zaka zisanu atalandira chithandizo. Komanso, pafupifupi theka la odwalawo khansa yawo inabwereranso. Koma kumbukirani, iyi ndi kafukufuku wochepa kwambiri . Chifukwa chake sichinganene motsimikiza za mkhalidwe wanu. Mkhalidwe wa munthu aliyense ukhoza kukhala wosiyana.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muwona zilonda zilizonse, mawanga otuwa, kapena kutuluka magazi mkamwa mwanu, makamaka m'masaya mwanu, zomwe zakhalapo kwa milungu yoposa iwiri , onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala wa mano kapena dokotala wamba. Zingakhale zazing'ono, koma ndibwino kuti mukayezetse.

Pomaliza, uthenga wopita nawo kunyumba:

`Khansa ya Buccal Mucosa` ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imayambira mkamwa ndipo nthawi zina imatha kupha anthu. Kusuta fodya ndi kumwa mowa ndiye zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa izi.Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito fodya kapena mowa, funsani dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni kuchepetsa kapena kusiya. Iye angakupatseni mapulogalamu ndi upangiri womwe ungakuthandizeni kuchita zimenezo.

Kuzindikira matendawa msanga n'kofunika kwambiri . Pitani kwa dokotala wa mano nthawi zonse. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimatha kwa milungu iwiri, uzani dokotala wanu . Ngati muli ndi `Buccal Mucosa Cancer`, dokotala wanu adzakulangizani njira yothandizira yomwe ingakupatseni mwayi wabwino wochira. Musachite mantha, khalani olimba mtima.

Khansa ya tsaya , khansa ya mkamwa, khansa ya m'matumbo, zizindikiro za khansa, zomwe zimayambitsa khansa, chithandizo cha khansa, fodya ndi khansa