Kodi muli ndi chotupa pakhoma la chifuwa chanu? (Chotupa cha Pakhoma la Chifuwa) – Tiyeni tikambirane izi mwatsatanetsatane!

Mwina munamva chinthu chachilendo, monga chotupa chaching'ono pachifuwa panu, ndipo munadzifunsa kuti, "Ichi n'chiyani?" Kapena mwina munamva mantha komanso chidwi. Pakhoza kukhala nthawi zina pamene dokotala akuyang'ana X-ray ya pachifuwa panu nati, "Pali kusintha pang'ono pakhoma la pachifuwa panu, chinthu chonga chotupa." Kodi "chotupa cha pachifuwa" kapena monga momwe madokotala amachitcha, "chotupa cha pachifuwa" ndi chiyani kwenikweni, kodi nthawi zonse chimakhala choopsa, ndipo chiyenera kuchitidwa chiyani? Anthu ambiri ali ndi mafunso akuluakulu komanso ngakhale kudabwa pang'ono za icho. Chifukwa chake lero, tikambirana izi mosavuta, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi chotupa cha pakhoma la pachifuwa ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, chotupa cha pakhoma la chifuwa ndi kukula kosazolowereka m'zigawo zomwe zimapanga chifuwa chanu. Taganizirani ngati chipolopolo cholimba chomwe chimateteza ziwalo zofunika kwambiri monga mtima wanu, mapapo, ndi chiwindi. Khoma la pachifuwa ili limapangidwa ndi zinthu zingapo zazikulu:

• Minofu yofewa: Izi zikutanthauza zinthu monga minofu, mitsempha, ndi nembanemba yopyapyala (`(Fascia)`) yomwe imazungulira minofu.
• Mafupa: Zinthu monga nthiti zanu ndi sternum (fupa lathyathyathya pakati pa chifuwa chanu ).
• Cartilage: Izi ndi ziwalo zosalala, zonga mphira kumene mafupa amalumikizana.

Choncho, chotupa chingayambe m'mbali iliyonse mwa izi. Komabe, chimapezeka kwambiri m'mafupa (makamaka nthiti) ndi cartilage .

Kodi mtedza uwu ndi wamtundu umodzi? Kapena pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana?

Inde, zotupa zomwe zimapangidwa pakhoma la chifuwa zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu:

1. Ziphuphu Zoyambirira za Khoma la Chifuwa: Izi ndi zotupa zomwe zimayamba kupangika pakhoma la chifuwa. Zitha kukhala khansa ( yoyipa ) kapena yosakhala khansa (yoyipa).

2. Ziphuphu Zachiwiri za Khoma la Chifuwa: Izi ndi zotupa zomwe zimakula pakhoma la chifuwa khansa itafalikira kuchokera mbali ina ya thupi (monga mapapo kapena bere). Zotupa zachiwirizi nthawi zonse zimakhala zoopsa .

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti pafupifupi 60% ya zotupa zonse za pakhoma pachifuwa ndi zotupa . Koma sizikutanthauza kuti zotupa zonse ndi za khansa. Choncho musadandaule.

Kodi zotupa za pachifuwa zimenezi n’zofala kwambiri? Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wozitenga?

Ndipotu, zotupa zoyambirira za pakhoma la pachifuwa si zachilendo kwambiri. Pa avareji, anthu osachepera m'modzi pa anthu 50 aliwonse amakhudzidwa ndi vutoli. Zotupa zoyambirira za pakhoma la pachifuwa ndi pafupifupi 5% ya zotupa zonse zomwe zimapezeka pachifuwa.

Zotupa zimenezi zimatha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse. Zitha kuchitika kwa aliyense, kuyambira mwana wamng'ono mpaka wamkulu. Komabe, mitundu ina imapezeka kwambiri mwa ana, pomwe ina imapezeka kwambiri kwa akuluakulu.

Kawirikawiri, zotupa zomwe zimayamba muli aang'ono (makamaka mudakali ana) zimakhala zazing'ono kapena zopanda khansa (zoipa). Komabe , mukakula, makamaka mukatha zaka 40, mwayi woti zotupazo zikhale zazikulu ndikukhala khansa (zoopsa) ndi wokwera kwambiri.

Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zotupa zomwe zimapangidwa pakhoma la pachifuwa ndi iti?

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone mitundu ya zotupa zomwe zingayambike pakhoma la pachifuwa. Choyamba, tiyeni tikambirane za mitundu yopanda khansa ( yosaopsa ).

Mitundu ya zotupa za pakhoma la pachifuwa zomwe si khansa (zosavulaza)

Izi ndi zotupa zomwe sizili za khansa zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala osavuta.

• Cavernous hemangioma: Izi zimapangidwa m'minofu yofewa ndipo zimapezeka kwambiri mwa ana.
• Chondroma: Izi ndi mtundu wa chotupa chomwe chimapanga mu cartilage.
• Chotupa cha Desmoid: Chotupachi, chomwe chimapezeka m'minofu yofewa, nthawi zina chimatha kubwereranso ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo .
• Granuloma ya eosinophilic: Izi zimatha kupangika m'mafupa, makamaka khosi (clavicle) kapena tsamba la phewa (scapula).
• Fibrous dysplasia: Iyi ndi mtundu wa matenda a mafupa, omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'mbali mwa nthiti.
• Lipoma: Izi ndi zotupa zopanda vuto zopangidwa ndi minofu yamafuta, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamveka ngati chotupa.
• Lymphangioma: Zotupa zimenezi, zomwe zimapangidwa m'minofu yofewa, zimapezekanso kwambiri mwa ana.
• Myxochondroma: Izi zimapangidwa mu cartilage.
• Osteochondroma: Izi ndi mtundu wa chotupa chomwe chimapanga mu cartilage.

Mitundu ya zotupa za pakhoma la chifuwa

Izi ndi mitundu ya zotupa zomwe zimakhala ndi zizindikiro za khansa ndipo zimafuna chisamaliro ndi chithandizo chowonjezereka.

• Chondrosarcoma: Khansa iyi, yomwe imapezeka mu cartilage, imatha kufalikira ku mafupa, makamaka nthiti kapena sternum (fupa lapakati la pachifuwa).
• Ewing's sarcoma: Izi zimachitika m'mafupa kapena minofu yofewa yozungulira mafupa. Nthawi zambiri zimayambira mu nthiti imodzi. Zimapezeka kwambiri mwa ana ndi achinyamata.
• Fibrosarcoma:Chotupa chofewa ichi chimapezeka mwa achinyamata.
• Liposarcoma: Mtundu wa khansa womwe umayamba m'mafuta.
• Malignant fibrous histiocytoma: Izi zimachitika m'minofu yofewa ndipo zimapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 50-60.
• Myeloma: Iyi ndi khansa yomwe imayamba m'mafupa. Nthawi zambiri imapezeka mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 40.
• Osteosarcoma: Iyi ndi khansa yoopsa komanso yofalikira mwachangu yomwe imapangika m'mafupa kuposa Chondrosarcoma.
• Rhabdomyosarcoma: Izi zimachitika m'minofu ndipo zimapezeka kwambiri mwa ana ndi achinyamata.

Khansa zomwe zimafalikira kuchokera kwina (Secondary Chest Wall Tumors)

Monga tanenera kale, khansa imatha kufalikira kwina m'thupi ndikufalikira mpaka pakhoma la chifuwa. Ichi chimatchedwa chotupa chachiwiri cha pakhoma la chifuwa. Malo akuluakulu omwe izi zingafalikire ndi awa:

• Chifuwa
• Matumbo akulu (`(Colon)`)
• Impso
• Mapapu
• Prostate (`(Prostate)`)
• Mimba
• Chithokomiro cha chithokomiro
• Chiberekero

Kodi zotupa zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri pakhoma la pachifuwa ndi ziti?

Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa khansa yomwe imafalikira pakhoma la pachifuwa mwa akuluakulu ndi Chondrosarcoma . Mwa ana aang'ono, Ewing's sarcoma ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri.

Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya zotupa zopanda khansa (zosavulaza) ndi:

• `(Chondroma)`
• `(Fibrous dysplasia)`
• `(Osteochondroma)`

Kodi zizindikiro za chotupa cha pakhoma la pachifuwa ndi ziti?

Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Zizindikiro za chotupa cha pachifuwa zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi munthu. Nthawi zina , simungazindikire zizindikiro zilizonse mpaka chotupacho chitakula kwambiri. Kaya muli ndi zizindikiro zimadalira mtundu wa chotupa chomwe muli nacho, kukula kwake, ndi komwe chili. Khalani ndi nkhawa ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi:

• Chotupa kapena kutupa m'dzanja: Ichi nthawi zambiri chimakhala chizindikiro choyamba chomwe chimawonekera.
• Malungo ndi kutopa: Kungomva ngati "sindikumva bwino", malungo popanda chifukwa.
• Kufooka kwa minofu: Izi zikutanthauza kuti minofu yomwe ili pachifuwa imamva ngati ikutha.
• Ululu, kuuma, kapena kutupa: Samalani ngati pali ululu wopitirirabe pachifuwa chanu kapena ngati mukupweteka kukhudza.
• Kuvuta kusuntha: Kumva kupweteka kapena kusasangalala pachifuwa pochita zinthu monga kukweza mkono kapena kutembenuza thupi.
• Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa.

Chofunika: Kukhala ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi sikutanthauza kuti muli ndi chotupa pakhoma la chifuwa. Komabe, ngati zizindikirozi zikupitirira, ndi bwino kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala.

N’chifukwa chiyani zotupa zimenezi zimayamba chifukwa cha chifuwa? Kodi zimayambitsa chiyani?

Kunena zoona, asayansi akadali ndiSizikudziwika bwino chomwe chimayambitsa zotupa za pachifuwa. Komabe, nthawi zina, majini amaganiziridwa kuti ndi omwe amachititsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati wina m'banja mwanu adakumana ndi matendawa, inunso mungakhale pachiwopsezo.

Komanso, zinthu zina zomwe zimachitika pa moyo zimatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo, makamaka cha khansa yachiwiri ya pachifuwa. Mwachitsanzo, khansa ya m'mapapo imatha kufalikira mpaka pakhoma la pachifuwa. Chifukwa chake, munthu amene amasuta ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'mapapo, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga khansa ya pachifuwa.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji zotupa za pakhoma la pachifuwa? (Kuzindikira)

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito makamaka mayeso ojambulira zithunzi ndi biopsy kuti adziwe zotupa pakhoma la chifuwa. Mukauza dokotala wanu za zizindikiro zomwe mwatchula kale, iye adzasankha kuchita mayesowa.

Nthawi zina, chotupa chingapezeke mwangozi panthawi yojambula zithunzi (X-ray, CT scan, MRI) pazifukwa zina. Izi zimatchedwa "kuzindikira mwadzidzidzi." Izi zikutanthauza kuti dokotala amachipeza akamafufuza china.

Mayeso ozindikira zotupa pakhoma la pachifuwa:

• X-ray ya pachifuwa: Izi zingathandize kumvetsetsa bwino.
• Kujambula kwa CT (Computed tomography - CT scan): Izi zimatha kuona bwino kukula, malo, ndi ubale wa chotupacho ndi minofu yozungulira.
• Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging - MRI): Izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pofufuza bwino momwe minofu yofewa ndi mitsempha zilili.
• Kujambula kwa positron emission tomography (PET scan) pogwiritsa ntchito CT scan: Izi zimathandiza kudziwa ngati chotupacho ndi cha khansa komanso ngati chafalikira mbali zina za thupi.

Nthawi zina mayeso ojambulira zithunzi amenewa angatsimikizire kuti matendawa ndi otani. Koma ngati sichoncho, biopsy ingafunike. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha chotupacho ndikuchiyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani ngati iyi ndi biopsy ya singano kapena njira ina.

Kodi mankhwala a zotupa za pachifuwa zimenezi ndi otani?

Chithandizo cha zotupa za pakhoma la pachifuwa nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo:

• Opaleshoni - Kuchotsa chilonda: Iyi ndiyo njira yaikulu yochizira. Chotupa ndi minofu yozungulira yomwe ingakhudzidwe zimachotsedwa kwathunthu momwe zingathere.
• Opaleshoni yokonzanso: Opaleshoni yokonza dzenje kapena kuwonongeka kwa khoma la pachifuwa pambuyo poti chotupa chachotsedwa. Izi zingagwiritsenso ntchito minofu yochokera kwina m'thupi.

Ngati chotupacho ndi choipa, chithandizo china chingafunike:

• Chithandizo cha radiation: Kuwononga maselo a khansa pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwamphamvu kwambiri.
• Chemotherapy: Kupereka mankhwala opha maselo a khansa.

Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira matenda anu. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zina mankhwala a chemotherapy angapangidwe musanachite opaleshoni kuti achepetse chotupacho, chomwe chingachotsedwe mwa opaleshoni.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani munthu akalandira chithandizo? Kodi nthawi yochira imakhala bwanji?

Pambuyo pa chithandizo, dokotala wanu adzakulangizani za nthawi yomwe mukufunikira kupuma, nthawi komanso momwe mungayambirenso kuchita zinthu zachizolowezi, komanso momwe angakudziwitsireni za chithandizo chanu. Adzakuwuzaninso kuti mubwere ku chipatala kuti mukayezedwe ('nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala wotsatira') nthawi ndi nthawi.

Pa nthawi yochira, tsatirani malangizo omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani:

• Zoletsa zochita: Funsani kuti muyenera kupewa kuchita zinthu monga kunyamula zolemera kapena kugwira ntchito yolemetsa kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji.
• Kulimbitsa thupi pachifuwa: Dokotala wanu angakulangizeni masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti athandize mapapu anu kugwira ntchito bwino mukatha opaleshoni, monga masewera olimbitsa thupi opumira komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti akuthandizeni kupezanso mphamvu.
• Momwe mungasamalire bala lochitidwa opaleshoni: Mvetserani mosamala malangizo okhudza kusunga bala loyera, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala, komanso nthawi yosamba.

Kodi pali njira yopewera mitundu iyi ya zotupa kuti zisapangike?

Sizotheka kupewa khansa yonse ya m'mawere , chifukwa ina imadalira majini. Komabe, pali kusintha kwina kwa moyo komwe tingachite kuti tichepetse chiopsezo chathu cha mitundu yambiri ya khansa. Izi zingathandizenso kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga khansa yachiwiri.

• Pewani kusuta fodya ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya kotheratu.
• Pezani katemera wovomerezeka ndi dokotala wanu, monga katemera wa HPV.
• Pezani mayeso ofunikira oyezetsa khansa mogwirizana ndi msinkhu wanu komanso chiopsezo chanu.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Khalani ndi thupi labwino.
• Chepetsani kapena siyani kumwa mowa kwathunthu.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wa banja lanu za chiopsezo chanu cha khansa komanso kusintha komwe muyenera kuchita pa moyo wanu.

Kodi mwayi wochira ku vutoli ndi wotani? (Outlook)

Mwayi wochira pambuyo polandira chithandizo cha chotupa cha pachifuwa umasiyana kwambiri malinga ndi munthu ndi munthu. Zimatengera zinthu zingapo:

• Kuchuluka kwa chotupacho kunachotsedwa kotheratu.
• Kodi chotupacho chafalikira mpaka pati (makamaka ngati ndi khansa).
• Mtundu wa chotupa (`(mtundu wa chotupa)`).
• Kuchuluka kwa chotupa ndi kukula kwake.

Choncho, popeza vuto la munthu aliyense ndi losiyana, ndikofunikira kukambirana momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za matenda anu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikiro za chotupa cha pachifuwa chomwe chatchulidwa pamwambapa, pitani kwa dokotala. Iye adzakambirana za zizindikiro zanu, mbiri ya matenda a m'banja lanu, ndikukutumizani kuti mukayesedwenso ngati pakufunika kutero.

Ngati dokotala wanu akuzindikirani kuti muli ndi chotupa cha pakhoma pachifuwa, tsatirani ndondomeko ya chithandizo monga momwe akulangizira. Ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo, onetsetsani kuti mukupita kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse. Zotupa za pakhoma pachifuwa, makamaka za khansa, nthawi zina zimatha kubwereranso, ngakhale zitachotsedwa bwino. Chifukwa chake, kuzindikira ndi kuchiza kubwereranso msanga kumawonjezera mwayi wanu wochira kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kodi ndi mafunso otani ofunika kufunsa dokotala wanu?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi chotupa cha pakhoma la chifuwa, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala mafunso awa:

• Ndi mtundu wanji wa chotupa chomwe ndili nacho?
• Kodi chotupa ichi ndi khansa?
• Kodi chiŵerengero chapakati cha kupulumuka kwa mtundu uwu wa chotupa chomwe ndili nacho ndi chotani? (Musaope kufunsa izi, ndikofunikira kudziwa.)
• Ndi chithandizo chanji chomwe ndikufunika?
• Kodi zoopsa ndi zotsatirapo zake ndi ziti?
• Kodi chithandizochi chidzakhala chopambana bwanji?
• Kodi nthawi yanga yochira idzakhala bwanji? Kodi ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani?

` ## Pomaliza, chinthu chofunika kwambiri (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba) Kuyembekeza kwa munthu amene ali ndi chotupa cha pakhoma la pachifuwa (`Chotupa cha Pakhoma la Chifuwa`) kumadalira zinthu zambiri, monga mtundu wa chotupacho, kufalikira kwake, ndi zina zotero. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukambirana bwino ndi dokotala wanu za **vuto lanu lenileni ndi zomwe mungayembekezere.** > Kumbukirani, **ngati zotupa za pakhoma la pachifuwa zapezeka msanga, mwayi wopeza chithandizo chabwino komanso moyo wautali wathanzi ndi wokwera kwambiri.** Chifukwa chake, musanyalanyaze zizindikiro zilizonse. Ngati mukukayika, funsani upangiri kwa dokotala. Ndikukufunirani thanzi labwino! --- Chotupa cha pakhoma la pachifuwa, Chotupa cha pakhoma la pachifuwa, Khansa, Zotupa Zosakhala khansa, Kupweteka kwa pachifuwa, Zizindikiro, Chithandizo