Msampha woopsa wa cocaine: Kodi tikambirane izi poyera?

Mwina mwamvapo mawu oti 'cocaine' m'mafilimu ndi m'nkhani, sichoncho? Mwina mukudziwa munthu amene amawagwiritsa ntchito. Nthawi zambiri amakambidwa m'gulu la anthu ngati chinthu chodziwika bwino pakati pa anthu olemera komanso okonda maphwando. Koma kodi cocaine ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Kodi ndi yoopsa komanso yoopsa bwanji pa thupi? Lero, tikambirana za mankhwalawa m'njira yosavuta, yomveka bwino, komanso yotseguka.

Choyamba, kodi cocaine ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, cocaine ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri olimbikitsa thupi. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba a chomera cha coca, chomwe chimamera ku South America. Ngakhale kuti cocaine sigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'mankhwala ngati mankhwala oletsa ululu (mankhwala omwe amakupangitsani kumva dzanzi), nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala osaloledwa.

Anthu amakopeka nayo chifukwa imawapatsa mphamvu, chimwemwe, komanso kukhala maso. Koma vuto ndilakuti, cocaine ndi chinthu chomwe chimawapangitsa kukhala ovuta kwambiri . Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu sangathe kusiya kuigwiritsa ntchito, ngakhale atadziwa kuopsa kwake. Ngakhale kuti pali chithandizo cha vutoli, lotchedwa cocaine use disorder, anthu ambiri akhoza kubwereranso.

Cocaine ndi ufa woyera. Anthu amaigwiritsa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• Kupuma mpweya
• Kupukuta mkamwa
• Kubayira m'mitsempha mwa kusungunuka m'madzi
• Kusuta

Kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso kungatenge mphindi 20 mpaka maola awiri. Kumatchedwa ndi mayina osiyanasiyana m'gulu la anthu, monga "snow", "coke", ndi "blow".

Ndiye kodi Crack ndi chiyani?

Crack ndi mankhwala ena omwe amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito cocaine yowonjezera komanso "kuphika". Dzina lake limatengedwa kuchokera ku phokoso la "cracking" lomwe limapanga likapangidwa. Limaoneka ngati timiyala tating'onoting'ono ta bulauni. Anthu amagwiritsa ntchito potenthetsa mu chitoliro chagalasi ndikupuma utsi, kapena powonjezera ku chamba kapena fodya.

Chisangalalo cha crack chimatenga nthawi yochepa kwambiri, pafupifupi mphindi 15. Chifukwa chake, munthu amakhala ndi chizolowezi nacho mwachangu kwambiri, chifukwa amafunanso kusangalalanso.

Kodi zoopsa zazikulu zogwiritsa ntchito cocaine ndi ziti?

Kugwiritsa ntchito cocaine si masewera. Zoopsa zomwe zimabwera nazo ndi zazikulu kwambiri. Zoopsa zazikulu ndi izi:

• Kuika moyo pachiswe: Kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a cocaine kungayambitse imfa nthawi yomweyo.
• Matenda oopsa: Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a cocaine kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matenda oopsa monga matenda a mtima, sitiroko, ndi HIV/AIDS.
• Kuwonongeka kwa ubale wa anthu ndi mabanja: Munthu amene ali ndi vutoli akayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, moyo wake wonse umalamulidwa ndi mankhwalawo. Zotsatira zake, ubale wake ndi banja lake ndi anzake umawonongeka kotheratu.

Kodi cocaine imakhudza bwanji ubongo wathu? Umu ndi momwe chizolowezi chimachitikira

Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. N’chifukwa chiyani munthu amazolowera kwambiri izi? Tiyeni tione momwe izi zimachitikira mwasayansi.

Tangoganizani kuti ubongo wathu uli ndi "malo ochitira zinthu zabwino" mkati mwake. Tikachita chinthu chomwe chimatisangalatsa, mwachitsanzo, tikadya chakudya chokoma kapena kusangalala ndi anzathu, ubongo wathu umatulutsa mankhwala otchedwa dopamine . Dopamine iyi ndi yomwe imatipatsa chisangalalo ndi kukhutira. Chifukwa chake, timayesedwa kuchita zinthu zomwe zimatipatsa chisangalalocho mobwerezabwereza. Iyi ndi njira yachilengedwe yachilengedwe.

Tsopano onani zomwe zimachitika mukamwa cocaine. Cocaine imapita mwachindunji ku dongosololi lomwe limalamulira chisangalalo. Chomwe chimachitika ndichakuti ubongo umatulutsa mwadzidzidzi dopamine yochulukirapo . Zili ngati kutsegula pompo yamadzi yomwe yakhala ikuyenda kwa kanthawi, kenako nkuiyatsa kwathunthu.

Kuchuluka kwa dopamine kumeneku kumapangitsa munthu kukhala wosangalala kwambiri, wamphamvu, komanso wamphamvu kwambiri (euphoria).

Pakapita nthawi, ubongo umazolowera kuchuluka kwa dopamine kumeneku. Pambuyo pake, ubongo sungathe kumva chisangalalo mwachizolowezi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, sumvanso chisangalalo chomwe unkapeza kuchokera ku chakudya kapena nyimbo. Kuti ukhale wosangalala, umafunika cocaine. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa cocaine komwe unkamwa sikumaperekanso chisangalalo chimenecho. Chifukwa chake, umayesedwa kumwa mlingo waukulu, mobwerezabwereza . Umu ndi momwe munthu amagwirira ntchito mu chizolowezi choopsa ichi.

Kodi zotsatirapo zoyipa za kugwiritsa ntchito cocaine ndi ziti?

Kugwiritsa ntchito cocaine kuli ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa kwa kanthawi kochepa komanso kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zotsatirapo za kanthawi kochepa

Izi zitha kuchitika ngakhale mutayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Zotsatirapo za nthawi yayitali

Kuwonongeka komwe cocaine ingayambitse m'thupi kwa nthawi yayitali sikungatheke.

• Matenda a mtima: Popeza cocaine imaika mtima pampanipani kwambiri, matenda a mtima amatha kuchitika nthawi iliyonse.
• Stroke: Stroke ikhoza kuchitika pamene mtsempha wamagazi wopita ku ubongo watsekedwa kapena kuphulika.
• HIV/AIDS ndi Hepatitis C: Pali chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda oopsa awa, makamaka pogawana singano zobayira jakisoni.
• Chibayo: Matenda amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mapapo.
• Khunyu: Khunyu yomwe ilipo ikhoza kukulirakulira.

Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito cocaine kwa nthawi yayitali kumasintha momwe ubongo umagwirira ntchito. Kumawononga glutamate ya neurotransmitter, yomwe imagwira ntchito pophunzira ndi kukumbukira. Izi zingayambitse kusokonezeka kwa kuganiza ndi kukumbukira . Zingayambitsenso kuti ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zimayankha kupsinjika maganizo zikhale zofooka kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale vuto laling'ono kwambiri lingakupangitseni kukhala ndi nkhawa komanso kukwiya kwambiri.

Kodi pali mankhwala aliwonse ochiritsira chizolowezichi?

Inde, ndithudi ilipo. N'zotheka kuchira ku izi. Njira yayikulu yothandizira ndi Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) . Mwachidule, imakuthandizani kuzindikira malingaliro ndi machitidwe olakwika omwe amayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikukuthandizani kusintha.

Kuphatikiza apo, angapezenso thandizo kudzera m'mapulogalamu ogwirira ntchito m'madera ndi m'malo ochiritsira odwala. Kafukufuku akupitilirabe pa mankhwala omwe angathandize anthu kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito cocaine.

Ngati mukufuna kupempha thandizo, mungayambe bwanji?

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akuvutika ndi vutoli, kumbukirani,Kupempha thandizo ndi chizindikiro cha mphamvu, osati kufooka. Ndilo gawo lofunika kwambiri komanso loyamba paulendowu.

Chinthu chabwino kwambiri choti muchite ndikuonana ndi dokotala wanu ndikukambirana naye . Adzakuyang'anirani thanzi lanu ndikukutumizani kwa mlangizi kapena pulogalamu yoyenera kuti ikuthandizeni kuthana ndi vutoli. Musachite manyazi kapena mantha. Madokotala ayenera kusunga chinsinsi cha zinthu ngati zimenezi.

Kodi mumathandiza bwanji munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito cocaine?

Ngati wachibale kapena mnzanu akukumana ndi izi, zimakhala zopweteka kwambiri. Koma mukhoza kuwathandiza.

Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndi kulimbikitsa munthuyo kuti akapeze thandizo kwa dokotala . Komanso, kukhala ndi munthu wotere kungakhale kovuta kwambiri m'banjamo. Choncho, yang'anani magulu othandizira omwe banjali lingalowe nawo.

Cocaine ndi mankhwala osokoneza moyo omwe amasintha moyo. Ngakhale kupeza "kuledzera" kwina kungawoneke ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamoyo, chisangalalo chimenecho chimatenga mphindi zochepa chabe. Koma kuwonongeka komwe kungachitike pa moyo wanu kungakhale kwa miyezi ingapo, zaka, kapena moyo wonse.