Kodi dokotalayo analankhula za ma enzymes m'magazi mwanu? (Zolemba za Enzyme) Tiyeni tiphunzire izi mosavuta!

Nthawi zina mukapita kwa dokotala, mungamve wina akunena kuti, 'Tiyenera kuyang'ana ma enzyme ena m'magazi.' Kenako mungaganize kuti, 'Kodi ma enzyme awa ndi chiyani? N'chifukwa chiyani akuwunikidwa?' Musadandaule, iyi ndi mayeso ofala omwe amachitidwa kawirikawiri. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za zomwe zizindikiro za ma enzyme awa ndi komanso chifukwa chake zimatiuza zinthu zofunika zokhudza thanzi lathu.

Mwachidule, kodi enzyme iyi ndi chiyani?

Tangoganizani kuti thupi lathu ndi fakitale yayikulu. Ntchito zambirimbiri zikuchitika mufakitale iyi sekondi iliyonse. Ma enzyme ali ngati antchito ang'onoang'ono mufakitale iyi. Awa ndi mtundu wa mapuloteni. Ogwira ntchito awa ndi omwe amathandiza kusintha kwa mankhwala komwe kumachitika m'thupi ndikuwonjezera liwiro lawo.

Kuyesa kwa chizindikiro cha enzyme ndi kuyesa magazi komwe kumayesa kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito awa, kapena ma enzyme, omwe ali m'magazi mwanu.

Taganizirani ziwalo zomwe zili m'matupi athu ngati zipinda zosiyana mu fakitale iyi. Kawirikawiri, antchito awa otchedwa ma enzyme amakhala mkati mwa zipinda zawo (maselo). Koma ngati chiwalo chawonongeka, chadwala, kapena chavulala, zimakhala ngati khoma m'chipindamo lasweka, ndipo ma enzyme omwe ali mkati mwake amatuluka, kutanthauza kuti, m'magazi. Madokotala amafufuza kuchuluka kwa ma enzyme m'magazi kuti adziwe ngati pali cholakwika mkati mwa thupi. Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa biomarkers . Izi zikutanthauza chizindikiro chomwe chimasonyeza matenda.

Ma enzyme m'thupi lathu amachita ntchito zambiri zofunika. Mwachitsanzo:

• Mu dongosolo la magazi: Zimathandiza magazi kuundana.
• Kugaya chakudya: Kumathandiza kugaya chakudya chomwe timadya.
• Minofu: Imathandiza kuti minofu igwire bwino ntchito komanso kuti iyende bwino.
• Thupi la mitsempha: Ndi lofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa ubongo ndi mitsempha.
• Kupuma: Kumathandiza kupuma bwino.
• Mkodzo: Umathandiza kuchotsa zinyalala m'thupi.

Kodi mayeso a enzyme amachitidwa nthawi ziti?

Pali zifukwa zingapo zazikulu zomwe dokotala angakupempheni kuti muyesedwe mwanjira imeneyi.

• Kuyezetsa: Nthawi zina, mukayezetsa thupi lanu chaka chilichonse, mayesowa amachitika kuti awone ngati pali kuwonongeka kapena kupanikizika mkati mwa chiwalo, ngakhale palibe zizindikiro.
• Kuzindikira Matenda: Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zina, mwachitsanzo kupweteka pachifuwa, mayesowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda enaake, monga ngati ndi matenda a mtima.
• Kuyang'anira chithandizo:Ngati mukulandira kale chithandizo cha matenda, mayesowa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuti muwone ngati chithandizocho chili chothandiza kapena ngati mankhwala omwe mukumwa akuwononga ziwalo zina.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya mayeso a enzyme ndi iti?

Pali mitundu ingapo yayikulu ya mayeso a enzyme omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda osiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.

1. Kuyesa kwa Enzyme ya Mtima

Minofu ya mtima ikawonongeka mwadzidzidzi, monga matenda a mtima, mapuloteni awiri apadera amatulutsidwa m'magazi kuchokera m'maselo amenewo: Troponin (cTn) ndi Creatinine Phosphokinase (CPK) .

Zingatenge maola 12 kuti milingo ya troponin m'magazi ikwere pambuyo pa matenda a mtima. Chifukwa chake, madokotala nthawi zina amabwereza mayesowa maola angapo aliwonse. Ngati milingo ya troponin ili yoipa, nthawi zambiri zimatanthauza kuti matenda a mtima sakuchitika.

Dokotala akhoza kuchita mayesowa ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Chizungulire
• Kusanza
• Thukuta kwambiri
• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira)

2. Mayeso a CPK Isoenzymes, omwe amafotokoza za minofu ndi minofu

Enzyme yotchedwa CPK imapezeka m'malo monga minofu yathu, ubongo, ndi mapapo. Minofu imeneyi ikawonongeka, CPK imasonkhana m'magazi. Koma pali china chake chapadera pa izi. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana (isoenzymes) ya CPK.

• CK-MB: Izi zimapezeka makamaka mu minofu ya mtima .
• CK-MM: Izi zimapezeka m'minofu ina (monga manja ndi miyendo).

Mayesowa amathandiza kuzindikira matenda otsatirawa:

• Matenda amtima
• Stroke
• Khansa ya muubongo
• Kusokonekera kwa minofu
• Matenda ena okhudzana ndi minofu (Dermatomyositis, Polymyositis)

3. Kuyesa kwa Enzyme ya Chiwindi kuti muwone thanzi la chiwindi

Chiwindi chikawonongeka, chikadwala, kapena chikadwala, chimatulutsa ma enzyme angapo m'magazi. Awiri mwa ma enzyme ofunikira kwambiri awa ndi ALT (Alanine aminotransferase) ndi AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) .

ALT enzyme imapangidwa makamaka ndi chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa ALT m'magazi ndi chizindikiro champhamvu chakuti pali kuwonongeka kwina kwa chiwindi. Kuwonjezera pa chiwindi, AST enzyme imapezekanso mumtima, impso, ubongo, ndi minofu.

Zotsatirazi zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa ma enzymes a chiwindi:

• Matenda a chiwindi chamafuta
• Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi monga chiwindi cha chiwindi A, B, ndi C
• Matenda a chiwindi (cirrhosis)
• Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi chifukwa cha kumwa mowa
• Khansa ya chiwindi

Kodi muyenera kukonzekera bwanji musanayese magazi?

Uku ndi kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse, kotero sikufunika kukonzekera kwambiri. Koma kukumbukira zinthu izi kudzakuthandizani inu ndi munthu amene akutenga magaziwo mosavuta.

• Imwani madzi ambiri: Kumwa madzi ambiri musanayesedwe kumapangitsa kuti mitsempha yanu iwonekere bwino komanso kumachititsa kuti magazi azituluka mosavuta.
• Pewani kusuta: Mukasuta, nikotini imatsekereza mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti magazi ayesedwe.
• Mundiuze ngati mukuopa: Anthu ena amaopa singano (trypanophobia). Ndi zachilendo. Ngati muli ndi mantha otere, uzani munthu amene akukutulutsani magazi pasadakhale. Kenako adzachita zimenezo m'njira yomwe ingakusangalatseni.

Mayeso a ma enzyme amenewa nthawi zambiri safuna kusala kudya, makamaka pa nthawi yadzidzidzi monga matenda a mtima. Komabe, ngati mayesowa akuchitika pazifukwa zina, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu monga momwe alili.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukamaliza mayeso? Kodi pali zoopsa zilizonse?

Kupeza magazi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta, ndipo kumatenga mphindi zochepa chabe. Kenako bandeji yaying'ono imayikidwa pamalo omwe magazi adatengedwa. Iyenera kusiyidwa pamalopo kwa maola awiri kapena atatu kuti tipewe matenda. Nthawi zina malo omwe singano idalowetsedwapo amatha kukhala abuluu pang'ono ndikutupa pang'ono. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha zokha pakatha masiku ochepa.

Ngati malowo apweteka mutatenga magazi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito paketi ya ayezi. Komanso, pewani kunyamula zolemera kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pa mkonowo kwa pafupifupi tsiku limodzi.

Kuyezetsa magazi ndi njira yochepetsera chiopsezo. Komabe, anthu ena angamve mantha pang'ono akaona magazi kapena singano. Ngati mukumva kusasangalala, uzani dokotala kapena namwino nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti lipotilo lifike? Mumachita chiyani pambuyo pake?

Pakagwa ngozi, monga matenda a mtima, lipotilo limalandiridwa mwachangu. Koma zingatenge masiku angapo kuti munthu apeze zotsatira za mayeso achizolowezi.

Dokotala wanu akalandira lipotilo, adzakufotokozerani zomwe zili mkati mwake.

Choncho, musadandaule za mfundo zomwe zili mu lipotilo, mvetserani mosamala zomwe dokotala akunena. Mufunseni mafunso aliwonse omwe muli nawo.