Khansa ya m'mawere ndi chinthu chomwe chimawopseza akazi ambiri. Makamaka akasiya kusamba, kutanthauza kuti, akasiya kusamba mwezi uliwonse, anthu ambiri amaganizira za chiopsezochi. Chifukwa chake, lero tikulankhula za mankhwala omwe amathandiza azimayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha khansa yamtunduwu kuchepetsa chiopsezo chimenecho. Mankhwalawa amatchedwa Evista. Chomwe chimagwira ntchito mkati mwake ndi raloxifene. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere , komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kusweka kwa mafupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha osteoporosis, matenda ochepetsa mafupa omwe amapezeka akasiya kusamba.
Kodi khansa ya m'mawere yolowa m'thupi ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Choyamba tiyeni timvetse izi mosavuta. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya khansa ya m'mawere. Imodzi ndi khansa yosalowa m'thupi. Pankhaniyi, maselo a khansa amakhala mkati mwa ducts za mkaka kapena ma glands opanga mkaka (lobules) a m'mawere, ndipo sapitirira malire amenewo.
Komabe, khansa ya m'mawere yolowa m'thupi ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndi chakuti maselo a khansa amatuluka m'mitsempha ya mkaka ndi m'matenda a m'mawere ndikufalikira ku minofu ya mawere yozungulira. Kuchokera pamenepo, amathanso kufalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi, monga chiwindi, mapapo, ndi ubongo. Uwu ndiye vuto loopsa kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira ndikuchiza khansa zotere msanga.
Kodi Evista imachepetsa bwanji chiopsezo cha khansa iyi?
Mankhwala a Evista ali m'gulu la mankhwala otchedwa ``SERM (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator)''. Mwachidule, mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito ngati hormone ya estrogen m'ziwalo zina za thupi ndipo amachita motsutsana ndi hormone ya estrogen m'ziwalo zina.
Monga mukudziwa, estrogen imathandiza mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'mawere kukula. Monga momwe chomera chimafunira madzi kuti chikule, Evista imagwira ntchito pomangirira ku ma estrogen receptors m'minofu ya m'mawere, kutseka malo kuti hormone yeniyeni ya estrogen igwirizane pamenepo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti imaletsa maselo a khansa kulandira uthenga wa estrogen womwe akufunikira kuti akule.
Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira izi: Evista si mankhwala a munthu amene ali kale ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Sichiperekedwanso kuti khansa isabwererenso kwa munthu amene kale anali ndi khansa. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa kwa akazi omwe adapezeka ndi khansa atatha kusamba.
Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse za Evista?
Inde. Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, Evista ikhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Zina zimakhala zazing'ono, koma palinso zotsatirapo zake zazikulu zomwe muyenera kudziwa. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kukambirana za ubwino ndi kuipa ndi dokotala musanasankhe kumwa mankhwalawa.
| Mtundu wa zotsatira zoyipa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe zimafuna chisamaliro chachangu | |
| Magazi Oundana | Chiwopsezo cha magazi kuundana m'mitsempha ya miyendo (Deep Vein Thrombosis) ndi m'mapapo (Pulmonary Embolism) chingachuluke. |
| Stroke | Azimayi, makamaka omwe ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a mtima, akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha sitiroko. |
| Zotsatira zoyipa zofala komanso zosaopsa kwambiri | |
| Kusasangalala mwakuthupi | Kupweteka kwa miyendo, kupweteka kwa mafupa, kutupa kwa miyendo. |
| Mavuto ena | Zizindikiro monga kutentha thupi, kutentha thupi, thukuta, kusowa tulo, komanso kuuma kwa m'mimba. |
Ndiye ndani woyenera kumwa mankhwalawa?
Funso ili ndi lofunika kwambiri. Evista si mankhwala oti munthu agwiritse ntchito pa matenda onse. Dokotala wanu adzakambirana nanu mbiri yanu ya thanzi .Ndipo zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli ndi zomwe zimatsimikiza ngati izi zili zoyenera kapena ayi. Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe angapindule kwambiri ndi mankhwalawa ndi awa:
- Azimayi opitirira zaka 60: Chifukwa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba.
- Anthu omwe adadwalapo khansa ya m'mawere m'banja mwawo: makamaka wachibale wapafupi monga mayi kapena mlongo.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la majini: Ngati mayeso atsimikizira kuti ali ndi kusintha kwa majini monga BRCA1 ndi BRCA2.
- Anthu omwe adachitidwapo opaleshoni ya m'mawere ndipo adapezeka kuti ali ndi vuto lomwe lingayambitse khansa, monga `lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS).`
- Anthu omwe ali ndi zinthu zina zomwe zingawabweretsere mavuto: Mwachitsanzo, ukalamba pobadwa koyamba, kusamba mochedwa, ndi zina zotero.
Pambuyo poganizira zonsezi, dokotala wanu adzafufuza molondola zoopsa zanu.
Ndani sayenera kumwa Evista?
Evista ingavulaze kwambiri kuposa kuthandiza akazi omwe ali ndi matenda enaake. Chifukwa chake, ndi koletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ngati muli m'magulu awa:
- Azimayi omwe ali ndi pakati kapena akuyembekezera kutenga pakati.
- Azimayi omwe panopa kapena kale ali ndi magazi oundana m'miyendo, m'mapapo, kapena m'maso.
- Azimayi omwe ali ndi nthawi yopuma, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti akupitirizabe kusamba mwezi uliwonse.
- Anthu omwe akumwa mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi monga Cholestyramine.
- Anthu omwe amatenga mankhwala ena a mahomoni a estrogen (estrogen yowonjezera).
Kodi kusiyana pakati pa Evista ndi Tamoxifen ndi kotani?
Mwina munamvapo za mankhwala otchedwa Tamoxifen. Ndi mankhwala omwe ali mu gulu la SERM. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti mankhwala onsewa ndi othandiza mofanana pochepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere.
Komabe, pali kusiyana kwakukulu. Tamoxifen yanenedwa kuti imagwirizana ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'chiberekero kuposa Evista. Zawonetsedwanso kuti Evista simaletsa khansa yosalowa m'thupi monga ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), pomwe Tamoxifen imaletsa.
Kuopsa kwa magazi kuundana ndi sitiroko ndi kofala kwambiri pa mankhwala onse awiri. Kafukufuku wina amati chiopsezocho n'chochepa pang'ono ndi Evista kuposa ndi Tamoxifen, pomwe kafukufuku wina amati palibe kusiyana kwakukulu.
Pomaliza pake, chisankho cha mankhwala awiriwa chomwe chili choyenera kwa inu, kapena ngati ndikofunikiradi kumwa mankhwala otere, ndi chisankho chomwe chiyenera kuganiziridwa mosamala mutakambirana zabwino ndi zoyipa zonse ndi dokotala wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Evista (raloxifene) ndi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa kwa amayi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khansa ya m'mawere atatha kusamba kuti achepetse chiopsezo chimenecho . Si mankhwala a khansa.
- Pali chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo zoyipa monga magazi kuundana ndi ziwalo zopuwala mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.
- Chisankho chomwa mankhwala awa kapena ayi ndi chaumwini chomwe chiyenera kupangidwa mutakambirana mosamala ndi dokotala wanu za zinthu zomwe zingakubweretsereni chiopsezo komanso thanzi lanu.
- Ngakhale atatenga Evista, akazi ena amathabe kudwala khansa ya m'mawere, choncho ndikofunikira kupitiriza kudziyesa mabere nthawi zonse komanso kuyesedwa mammogram.
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