Kodi inunso muli ndi matenda a bowa? (Matenda a Bowa / Mycosis) Tiyeni tidziwe bwino za izi!

Kodi munayamba mwaonapo kadontho kakang'ono kofiira pakhungu lanu, chinachake chonga ziphuphu, chomwe mungayamwe, kapena msomali womwe umasintha mtundu mwadzidzidzi ndikukhala wokhuthala? Mwina muli ndi khungu loyera pakamwa panu. Izi ndi zizindikiro zodziwika bwino za matenda a bowa, kapena monga momwe madokotala amatchulira, ``Mycosis``, zomwe tikambirana lero. Musadandaule, tiyeni tikambirane izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Kodi bowa ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, bowa ndi gulu la zamoyo zomwe si zomera kapena nyama. Taganizirani zinthu monga nkhungu ndi yisiti. Zimakhala mwachibadwa m'chilengedwe komanso m'thupi lathu, mwachitsanzo m'kamwa mwathu, m'mimba, komanso pakhungu. Komabe, nthawi zina mavuto amayamba akakula kwambiri. Bowa awa amafalikira potulutsa ziwalo zawo zazing'ono ngati mbewu, zomwe timazitcha "spores," m'chilengedwe. Ngakhale kuti pali mitundu yambirimbiri ya bowa padziko lapansi, ndi ochepa okha omwe amayambitsa matenda mwa anthu.

Kodi matenda a bowa amawonekera bwanji kunja?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a bowa pakhungu lanu, likhoza kukhala lofiira, lotupa, ndikuwoneka ngati matuza ang'onoang'ono . Nthawi zina limatha kuoneka ngati ziphuphu. Taganizirani izi, nthawi zina mumakhala ndi khungu lofiira, loyabwa pakati pa zala zanu kapena m'mimba mwanu, sichoncho? Mwina ndi matenda a bowa. Ngati muli ndi matenda a bowa pamisomali yanu, misomali yanu imatha kukhala yachikasu, bulauni, kapena yoyera, kukhala yokhuthala, ndikusweka mosavuta . Ngati muli ndi matenda pakamwa kapena pakhosi panu, mutha kuwona mabala oyera kapena madontho mkati mwa pakamwa panu .

Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matenda a bowa?

Ndipotu, aliyense akhoza kutenga matenda a bowa, makamaka pakhungu ndi msomali. Amapezeka kwambiri m'malo omwe muli chinyezi chambiri komanso komwe khungu limakhudzana (monga m'khwapa, m'mimba, pansi pa mabere). Komabe, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu, makamaka matenda oopsa kwambiri:

• Ngati muli ndi vuto la kayendedwe ka magazi (monga kusayenda bwino kwa magazi kupita ku miyendo).
• Ngati mukudwala matenda a shuga mellitus .
• Ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili chofooka , chikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha:
• `(HIV/AIDS)` mkhalidwe.
• Chithandizo cha khansa kapena khansa (monga chemotherapy, radiotherapy).
• Ngati mukumwa mankhwala omwe amaletsa chitetezo chamthupi (monga mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi pa matenda a autoimmune, kapena mutasintha ziwalo kapena kusintha maselo oyambira).

Kodi matenda a bowa angakhale oopsa?

Nthawi zambiri, matenda ofala a bowa pakhungu kapena msomali si oopsa . Komabe, monga tanenera kale, ngati chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chili chofooka, matenda ena a bowa angayambitse mavuto aakulu . Chifukwa chake, si bwino kunyalanyaza ngakhale ang'onoang'ono.

Ndi mitundu iti ya matenda a fungus yomwe ilipo?

Tikhoza kugawa matenda a bowa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu, kutanthauza kuti, kutengera komwe matendawa ali:

1. Matenda omwe amapezeka pamwamba pa khungu, misomali, kapena nembanemba ya mucous (monga pakamwa, pakhosi, kumaliseche) (`Matenda a bowa obisika` kapena `matenda a mucocutaneous`)

2. Matenda omwe ali pansi pa khungu (`Matenda a bowa omwe ali pansi pa khungu`)

3. Matenda m'ziwalo zamkati mwa thupi (monga mapapo, ubongo, mtima) ('Matenda a bowa akuya`)

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone mtundu uliwonse mwatsatanetsatane.

1. Matenda a bowa obisika

Izi ndi matenda ofala kwambiri a bowa omwe timawaona.

• Chipere (dermatophytosis): Iyi si nyongolotsi kwenikweni, koma bowa. Bowa uwu umakhala pa maselo a khungu, tsitsi, ndi misomali. Ukhoza kuonekera pa mapazi anu (`(tinea pedis)` kapena `(phazi la wothamanga)`), m'mimba mwanu ndi m'chiuno mwanu (`(tinea cruris)` kapena `(jock itch)`), mutu wanu (`(tinea capitis)`), manja anu (`(tinea manuum)`, ndevu zanu ndi khungu lozungulira (`(tinea barbae)`), ndi kwina kulikonse pathupi lanu (`(tinea corporis)`). Taganizirani izi, kodi vutoli silimatchedwa `athlete's phazi` lofala pakati pa anthu omwe amachita masewera nthawi zina? Komanso, anthu ena amamva kuyabwa, kutupa kofiira m'mimba mwanu, komwe kungakhale `(jock itch)`.
• Matenda a Bowa a Misomali (Onychomycosis): Matendawa amatha kuchitika pa misomali yanu kapena pa zala zanu, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bowa. Misomali imasanduka mtundu, yokhuthala, komanso yofooka .
• Matenda a Candida (Candidiasis): Mtundu wa yisiti wotchedwa ``Candida'', makamaka mtundu wa ``Candida albicans'', nthawi zambiri umakhala m'matupi mwathu popanda vuto lililonse, koma nthawi zina umatha kukula kwambiri ndikuyambitsa matenda. Zitsanzo:
• Mabala oyera mkamwa (thrush). Mwina mukudziwa kuti izi zimachitika kwa makanda aang'ono.
• Mitundu ina ya `(matenda otupa pa matewera)`.
• Matenda a yisiti kumaliseche (matenda a yisiti kumaliseche kapena vulvovaginitis).
• Matenda a Candida a m'mero ​​(`(esophageal candidiasis)`).
• Matenda a Candida (`(candidal intertrigo)`) omwe amapezeka m'makwinya a khungu ndi m'malo otuluka thukuta.
• Tinea versicolor / pityriasis versicolor: Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bowa wotchedwa `(Malassezia)` omwe amachititsa kuti khungu lisinthe mtundu ndi mawanga. Anthu ena amalandira mawanga oyera, pomwe ena amalandira bulauni.

2. Matenda a bowa omwe ali pansi pa khungu

Izi zimachitika pamene bowa amalowa m'thupi kudzera mu bala la pakhungu kapena kudula. Mwachitsanzo, zingakhale ngati chobaya cha minga pamene mukulima m'munda. Izi zingayambitse ziphuphu pakhungu, zilonda, ndi zizindikiro zina. Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri m'madera otentha komanso otentha.

Zitsanzo:

• Sporotrichosis (matenda a mlimi wa maluwa): Amayambitsidwa ndi bowa `(Sporothrix).` Ikhoza kukhudza mapapo kapena ziwalo zina za thupi.
• Chromoblastomycosis:Zingayambitsidwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bowa. Zimayambitsa matenda a pakhungu kwa nthawi yayitali (osatha). Nthawi zambiri, zimatha kufalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi.
• Eumycetoma: Imayamba chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bowa. Nthawi zambiri imakhudza mapazi.

3. Matenda a bowa omwe amapezeka m'ziwalo zamkati mwa thupi (`Matenda a bowa ozama`)

Izi ndi matenda omwe samachitika pakhungu, koma m'thupi, m'malo monga mapapo, magazi, njira ya mkodzo, ndi ubongo. Ena mwa iwo amatchedwanso "matenda obwera chifukwa cha mwayi." Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthawi zambiri samayambitsa matenda, koma amatha kupatsira munthu amene chitetezo chake chamthupi chili chofooka.

Zitsanzo:

• Histoplasmosis: Bowa wotchedwa Histoplasma amatha kufalikira m'mapapo, muubongo, kapena m'ziwalo zina za thupi.
• Coccidioidomycosis (Chigwa): Bowa wotchedwa Coccidioides amatha kufalikira m'mapapo ndipo, nthawi zina, ziwalo zina za thupi.
• Blastomycosis: Bowa `(Blastomyces)` limakhudza mafupa, khungu, ndi mapapo. Nthawi zambiri, lingakhudzenso ubongo ndi msana.
• Aspergillosis: Mtundu wa nkhungu wotchedwa Aspergillus ungayambitse matenda osiyanasiyana a m'mapapo, monga allergy bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) ndi chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. Ungathenso kufalikira m'ziwalo zina za thupi kapena kupanga bowa (aspergilloma) m'mapapo.
• Matenda a mkodzo: Matenda ambiri a mkodzo amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya, koma ena amayambanso chifukwa cha yisiti monga Candida.
• Matenda a candidiasis: Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Candida. Amatha kufalikira mumtima, m'magazi (candidemia), muubongo, m'maso (endophthalmitis), m'mafupa, kapena m'ziwalo zina za thupi.
• Chibayo cha Pneumocystis (PJP): Matenda a chibayo amenewa amayamba chifukwa cha bowa wotchedwa `(Pneumocystis jirovecii)` womwe umakhudza mapapo.
• Mucormycosis: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha gulu la bowa lotchedwa mucormycetes. Izi zimatha kufalikira m'mphuno ndi muubongo (rhinocerebral mucormycosis), m'mapapo (pulmonary mucormycosis), m'mimba (gastrointestinal mucormycosis), komanso pakhungu (cutaneous mucormycosis). Nthawi zina zimatha kufalikira m'magawo angapo a thupi nthawi imodzi (disseminated mucormycosis).
• Cryptococcosis: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha bowa `(Cryptococcus neoformans)` ndi `(Cryptococcus gattii)`. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri imakhudza mapapo, nthawi zina imatha kukhudza ubongo ndi msana, zomwe zimayambitsa `(cryptococcal meningitis).`

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a fungus ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za matenda a bowa zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu ndi malo a matendawa.Zimasiyana. Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndi za pakhungu, misomali, pakamwa, pakhosi, kapena kumaliseche. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro za matenda m'mapapo, muubongo, m'maso, m'matumbo, kapena impso zimathanso kuchitika.

Zizindikiro za matenda omwe ali pamwamba pa khungu kapena pansi pa khungu:

• Kuyabwa, kupweteka, kufiira, kapena ziphuphu m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa.
• Kusintha mtundu, kukhuthala, kapena kusweka kwa misomali.
• Kupweteka mukamadya, kutaya kukoma, kapena mabala oyera pakamwa/pakhosi .
• Chotupa chopanda ululu pansi pa khungu.

Zizindikiro za matenda oyamba ndi fungus m'mapapo:

• Chifuwa, mwina ndi phlegm ndi magazi.
• Kumva kutopa, kutopa (`(Kutopa)`).
• Malungo.
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Kupweteka kwa minofu.
• Kupweteka kwa mafupa.
• Mutu.
• Thukuta la usiku.

Zizindikiro za matenda a bowa m'mbali zina za thupi:

• Matenda a muubongo: mutu, malungo, kupweteka pakhosi, nseru/kusanza, kukhudzidwa ndi kuwala, chisokonezo.
• Matenda a maso: kupweteka kwa maso, kufiira, kutuluka magazi, kusawona bwino, kung'ambika, kukhudzidwa ndi kuwala.
• Matenda a m'mimba: kupweteka m'mimba, nseru, kusanza.
• Matenda a m'mphuno: malungo, mphuno yotsekeka, mutu, kutupa mbali imodzi ya nkhope, kupweteka pankhope.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a bowa?

Yisiti, nkhungu, ndi bowa wina ndi omwe amayambitsa matendawa. Bowa wambiri sadwalitsa anthu, koma ena amadwalitsa. Matenda ena, monga tafotokozera kale, ndi 'opatsa mwayi'. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, nthawi zambiri samayambitsa mavuto, koma amagwiritsa ntchito mwayi pazochitika, monga pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chafooka, kuti ayambe matenda.

Mitundu ina yodziwika bwino ya bowa yomwe imayambitsa matenda:

• Dermatophytes: Awa ndi gulu la bowa lomwe limadalira chinthu chotchedwa ``keratin``` chomwe chimapezeka mu tsitsi, misomali, ndi khungu lakunja. Sizimakhudza minofu yamoyo.
• Candida: Candida albicans ndi mtundu wa yisiti yomwe imapezeka mwachibadwa m'matupi athu popanda kuyambitsa mavuto. Komabe, pazifukwa zina, imatha kukula kwambiri ndikuyambitsa kuyabwa, kufiira, ndi zizindikiro zina. Nthawi zambiri, ingayambitse matenda oopsa.
• Bowa wachilengedwe womwe umakhala m'nthaka kapena m'madzi: Zitsanzo zake ndi monga `(Histoplasma)`, `(Coccidioides)`, `(Blastomyces)` ndi `(Aspergillus)`.

Kodi matenda a bowa awa amafalikira bwanji?

Pali njira zingapo zofala zomwe matenda a bowa amafalikira:

• Kuchokera m'malo onyowa a anthu onse. Mwachitsanzo, m'zimbudzi za anthu onse ndi m'zipinda zosinthira zovala m'malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Kudzera pa bala kapena kudulidwa pakhungu.
• Mwa kupuma bowa kuchokera ku chilengedwe (monga dothi, fumbi).
• Chifukwa cha kumwa maantibayotiki.Chifukwa maantibayotiki akapha mabakiteriya abwino m'thupi lathu, bowa wina amatha kuchulukana mosalamulirika.
• Matenda ena a dermatophyte amatha kufalikira kudzera mu kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi munthu kapena nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka.

Kodi matenda a fungus ndi opatsirana?

Matenda ena a bowa, monga mphutsi, amatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina kudzera mu kukhudzana mwachindunji . Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti matenda a Pneumocystis jirovecii amathanso kufalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina. Komabe, matenda ozama kwambiri, monga bowa omwe amapumidwa m'mapapo kuchokera ku chilengedwe, nthawi zambiri samayambitsa matenda.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji matenda a bowa?

Momwe dokotala wanu amapezera matenda a bowa zimadalira komwe ali m'thupi lanu. Iye angayang'ane zizindikiro za bowa pazinthu izi, kapena kuyesa 'kukulitsa' bowa:

• Zitsanzo zotengedwa pakhungu kapena minofu ina yokhudzidwa.
• Chidutswa cha msomali (`kudula misomali`).
• Chitsanzo cha magazi.
• Chitsanzo cha sputum.
• Madzi ozungulira ubongo ndi msana ('madzi a CNS').
• Chitsanzo cha mkodzo.
• Kutulutsa madzi m'maso.
• Kutuluka kwa madzi m'mimba.

Ngati dokotala wanu akuganiza kuti muli ndi matenda a bowa m'mapapo anu, muubongo, kapena ziwalo zina zamkati, angafunenso kuyitanitsa X-ray, MRI, kapena CT scans kuti aone zizindikiro za matendawa.

Kodi matenda a bowa amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Matenda ambiri a bowa amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ophera bowa . Mankhwalawa amapha bowa mkati ndi kunja kwa thupi lanu. Mtundu wa mankhwala omwe dokotala wanu amakulemberani umasiyana malinga ndi komwe bowayo ili.

Ngakhale kuti mankhwala ena amatha kugulidwa popanda chilolezo cha dokotala (OTC) popanda mankhwala, ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala musanachiritse matenda a bowa.

Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza?

Pofuna kuchiza matenda a fungus, dokotala wanu angapereke mankhwala oletsa fungal monga awa:

• Mankhwala omwa.
• Mankhwala operekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha (`mankhwala a IV`). Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa mwachindunji mumtsempha mu ofesi ya dokotala kapena kuchipatala.
• Mafuta odzola, mafuta odzola kapena ufa.
• Mapiritsi otsukira pakamwa kapena otsukira pakamwa.
• Madontho a maso.
• Mitundu ya shampu.

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo cha matenda a bowa?

Kuti mupewe matenda osiyanasiyana a bowa, ndikofunikira kukhala aukhondo komanso kudziteteza ku bowa m'chilengedwe. Tsatirani malangizo awa kuti mupewe matenda a bowa:

• Nthawi zonse muzisamba mukatha kutuluka thukuta kapena kuchita utsi.Musasiye malo a khungu ali onyowa.
• Musayende opanda nsapato m'zimbudzi za anthu onse, m'shawa, kapena m'malo osinthira zovala m'malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Valani zovala zamkati zoyera, zouma, za thonje.
• Sungani mano ndi pakamwa panu paukhondo.
• Ngati muvala ma contact lens, ayeretseni monga momwe dokotala wanu wa maso wanenera.
• Sungani misomali yanu ifupi komanso yoyera.
• Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ayenera kumwedwa pokhapokha ngati dokotala wakupatsani mankhwala. Kumwa mankhwala opha tizilombo kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse yisiti kufalikira m'thupi ndikuyambitsa matenda.
• Musagawire ena zida zamasewera, matawulo, kapena zinthu zina zaumwini.
• Mukamagwira ntchito ndi dothi, valani zovala zodzitetezera monga magolovesi, nsapato, mathalauza aatali, ndi malaya a manja aatali . Ngati muli kudera komwe bowa woopsa amapezeka kwambiri m'chilengedwe, valani chigoba chopumira cha N95 kuti musapume mpweya.
• Ngati mukukhala m'dera lomwe lili ndi bowa woopsa m'nthaka, valani chophimba nkhope mukagwa fumbi, kapena khalani m'nyumba muli mawindo otsekedwa.

Nanga chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati pali matenda a bowa?

Zimene mungayembekezere mukakhala ndi matenda a bowa zimadalira ngati muli ndi matenda ena omwe amayambitsa matendawa, komanso komwe ali m'thupi lanu. Matenda a bowa a tsitsi, khungu, ndi misomali nthawi zambiri si oopsa , koma angatenge nthawi kuti athe kwathunthu ndi chithandizo. Matenda a bowa akuya a m'mapapo kapena ziwalo zina zamkati akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo, makamaka ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili chofooka.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a bowa, makamaka m'mapapo kapena ziwalo zina zamkati, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala. Ngati mukuchiza matenda a bowa, musaiwale kuwonananso ndi dokotala wanu ngati sakutha.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

• Kodi n’chiyani chinayambitsa matendawa? Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chiyani kuti ndipewe izi mtsogolo?
• Kodi ndingatani kuti matendawa asafalikire kwa ena?
• Ndiyenera kukuonaninso liti?
• Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa?
• Kodi zinditengera nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti ndichire?

Zinthu zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera munkhaniyi (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Bowa ali paliponse. Ndipotu, mitundu ina ya bowa imakhala mwachibadwa m'thupi mwathu popanda ife kuganizira za iwo. Choncho, sizodabwitsa kuti tidzadwala matenda a bowa nthawi ina m'miyoyo yathu. Ambiri mwa iwo amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi chithandizo.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za momwe mungadzitetezere ngati chitetezo cha mthupi chanu chafooka kapena muli pachiwopsezo cha matenda oopsa kapena a nthawi yayitali.

Komanso, ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse kwachilendo pakhungu lanu kapena msomali, ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala popanda kunyalanyaza.

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