Mawu oti 'cholesterol' ndi odziwika bwino kwa anthu ambiri m'dziko lathu masiku ano, sichoncho? Nthawi zambiri timamva zinthu monga 'Ndili ndi cholesterol yambiri', 'Musadye chakudya chamafuta kapena mudzakhala ndi cholesterol'. Koma kodi cholesterol iyi ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Nchifukwa chiyani ndi yoopsa? Anthu ambiri sadziwa za iyo. Choopsa kwambiri ndichakuti thupi lathu siliwonetsa zizindikiro zilizonse ngakhale cholesterol yathu ili yochuluka. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tidziwe bwino mdani wosalankhula uyu.
Kodi cholesterol kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, cholesterol ndi mtundu wa mafuta omwe amapezeka m'magazi mwathu. Amafunika kuti amange maselo, kuteteza mitsempha, komanso kupanga mahomoni. Koma vuto limayamba tikakhala ndi mafuta ambiri.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya cholesterol:
1. Cholesterol ya LDL (Low-density lipoprotein): Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti "choyipa" . Monga dothi lomwe limamatirira mu chitoliro cha madzi, cholesterol iyi ya LDL imasonkhana pamakoma a mitsempha yathu yamagazi, ndikuichepetsa ndikuyitseka.
2. Cholesterol ya HDL (High-density lipoprotein): Timaitcha kuti cholesterol "yabwino" . Imagwira ntchito pochotsa cholesterol yoyipa ya LDL m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuiyeretsa. Ili ngati chotsukira.
Kuwonjezera pa izi ziwiri, palinso mtundu wina wa mafuta m'magazi mwathu wotchedwa triglycerides . Monga LDL, izi zikakwera, zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.
Kawirikawiri, chiwindi chathu chimapanga cholesterol yomwe timafunikira. Koma timapezanso cholesterol yowonjezera kuchokera muzakudya zomwe timadya, makamaka zakudya zopangidwa ndi zinthu zina (monga ma donuts, pizza yozizira, mabisiketi, ma patties, ma rolls) ndi zakudya za nyama (mkaka, mazira, nyama). Pakapita nthawi, cholesterol yowonjezera iyi ikhoza kuyamba kuwononga matupi athu popanda ife kuzindikira.
Kodi zizindikiro za cholesterol yambiri ndi ziti?
Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Ngakhale cholesterol yanu itakhala yokwera, simungasonyeze zizindikiro zilizonse. Mutha kukhala ndi cholesterol yambiri m'thupi lanu osazindikira.
Chifukwa chake, njira yokhayo yodziwira kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi anu ndikupita kukayezetsa magazi.
Kudziwa mfundo izi kungakuthandizeni kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima. Ngati muli kale ndi matenda a mtima, kuchepetsa cholesterol yanu kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima kapena imfa yokhudzana ndi izi.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi?
Ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 20, madokotala amalangiza kuti muyezedwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi anu osachepera zaka 5 zilizonse . Izi zimachitika ndi mayeso osavuta a magazi otchedwa lipid profile . Mayesowa akuwonetsani izi:
- Mulingo wonse wa cholesterol
- Mulingo wa cholesterol woipa (LDL)
- Mulingo wabwino wa cholesterol (HDL)
- Magawo a triglyceride
Ndikofunikira kuyezetsa cholesterol yanu ngakhale kwa ana. Nthawi zambiri ana amalangizidwa kuti ayezedwe cholesterol yawo kamodzi ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 9 ndi 11. Komabe, ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zingakubweretsereni chiopsezo, ndikofunika kuyezetsa cholesterol msanga (pakati pa zaka 2 ndi 10).
| Zinthu zoopsa zomwe zimafuna kuyezetsa cholesterol msanga mwa ana | |
|---|---|
| Mbiri ya banja | Ngati mayi kapena agogo ake anali ndi vuto la mtima, sitiroko, kapena mitsempha yamagazi yotsekeka asanakwanitse zaka 65. Ngati bambo kapena agogo ake anali ndi vuto lotere asanakwanitse zaka 55. Ngati kholo kapena agogo ake ali ndi cholesterol yoposa 240 mg/dL. |
| Matenda ena | Kukhala ndi matenda ena okhudzana ndi matenda a mtima, monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, ndi kunenepa kwambiri. |
Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu kudzakuthandizani inu ndi dokotala wanu kusankha chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima, komanso njira zabwino zochepetsera matendawa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kuchuluka kwa LDL m'thupi la munthu wamkulu kuli 190 mg/dL kapena kupitirira apo, kumaonedwa kuti ndi kwakukulu kwambiri. Dokotala wanu adzakulankhulani za kuyamba kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa matendawo. Mofananamo, ngati kuchuluka kwa HDL (kwabwino) kwanu kuli 60 mg/dL kapena kupitirira apo, chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima chimachepa.
Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zimapangitsa kuti cholesterol ikhale yokwera?
Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kapena m'thupi.
Zakudya
- Mafuta okhuta ndi chakudya chosavuta: Kuchepetsa zakudya zokhala ndi izi kungathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi.
- Mafuta a Trans: Pewani mafuta a trans opangidwa. Izi zimawonjezera cholesterol. Yang'anani zilembo za zakudya zophikidwa, zokhwasula-khwasula, pizza yozizira, margarine, ndi zina zotero. Ngati chizindikirocho chikunena kuti "Yophikidwa pang'ono," zikutanthauza kuti ili ndi mafuta a trans.
- Mafuta abwino (Mafuta osakhuta): Mafutawa sakweza cholesterol. Mafuta abwinowa amapezeka mu zinthu monga mtedza, nsomba, mafuta a masamba, mafuta a azitona, ndi ma avocado.
- Shuga: Kudya ndi kumwa shuga wambiri kungapangitse kuti triglyceride yanu ichuluke.
- Ulusi: Zakudya zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri zimathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi. Ulusi umapezeka mu nyemba, ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, mtedza, ndi tirigu wonse.
Moyo ndi zinthu zina
- Kulemera kwambiri: Kunenepa kwambiri ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a mtima. Kumawonjezeranso kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi. Kuchepetsa thupi kungathandize kuchepetsa LDL, cholesterol yonse, ndi triglycerides.
- Kuchita Masewera Olimbitsa Thupi: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kungachepetse cholesterol yoipa ya LDL ndikuwonjezera cholesterol yabwino ya HDL. Yesetsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi osachepera maola awiri ndi theka, monga kuyenda mwachangu, pa sabata.
- Kusuta: Kusuta kungapangitse mafuta m'magazi kukhala ochepa (triglyceride) komanso kumachepetsa cholesterol yabwino ya HDL.
- Ukalamba ndi cholowa: Kuchuluka kwa cholesterol kumawonjezeka tikamakalamba. Nthawi zina cholesterol yambiri imatha kukhala yobadwa nayo.
- Matenda ena ndi mankhwala: Cholesterol imatha kuwonjezeka chifukwa cha matenda monga hypothyroidism, matenda a chiwindi, matenda a impso, ndi mankhwala ena monga ma steroids.
Mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol
Ngati kusintha moyo wanu kokha sikukwanira kulamulira cholesterol yanu, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mankhwala. Njira yabwino kwambiri idzadalira chiopsezo chanu chonse cha matenda a mtima.
| Gulu la mankhwala | Magwiridwe antchito ndi zitsanzo |
|---|---|
| Mankhwala a Statin | Mankhwalawa ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Amaletsa kupanga cholesterol m'chiwindi. Mwachitsanzo: Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin. |
| Niacin | Ichi ndi vitamini B. Chimachepetsa LDL ndikuwonjezera HDL. |
| Zosakaniza za asidi ya bile | Zimamangirira ku ndulu m'mimba ndipo zimaletsa kuyamwanso kwa cholesterol. |
| Ma Fibrate | Zimathandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa triglycerides. |
| Zoletsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol | Zimaletsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo. Mwachitsanzo: Ezetimibe. |
Chofunika: Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwa minofu kosamvetsetseka mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa mafuta m'thupi, imbani dokotala nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda oopsa.
Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zina monga kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito a chiwindi, kupweteka m'mimba, komanso kudzimbidwa. Komanso, pewani kumwa madzi a mphesa mukamamwa mankhwalawa. Zingakhudze momwe mankhwalawa amagwirira ntchito.
Mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha cholesterol yambiri
Pamene cholesterol ikuwonjezeka, imayikidwa pamakoma a mitsempha yamagazi, pang'onopang'ono imachepa ndikukulitsa mitsempha yamagazi. Tikutcha vutoli kuti atherosclerosis . Mitsempha yamagazi ikachepa motere, magazi amatsekeka. Ziwalo za thupi, kuphatikizapo mtima wathu, zimalandira mpweya womwe zimafunikira kuchokera m'magazi. Mavuto amayamba pamene magazi amatsekeka.
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi: Mtima umafunika kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti upompe magazi kudzera m'mitsempha yopapatiza.
- Kupweteka pachifuwa (Angina): Kumachitika pamene minofu ya mtima silandira magazi ndi mpweya wokwanira.
- Matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko: Izi zitha kuchitika pamene mafuta atuluka kapena magazi kuundana, zomwe zimatsekereza mtsempha wamagazi wopita kumtima kapena ku ubongo.
- Matenda a Mitsempha ya Peripheral (PAD): Kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi yomwe imapereka magazi ku miyendo ndi mapazi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ngakhale kuti cholesterol ndi yokwera, palibe zizindikiro. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse.
- Dziwani kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yanu "yabwino" (HDL) ndi "yoyipa" (LDL). Cholinga chanu chiyenera kukhala kuchepetsa LDL yoyipa ndikuwonjezera HDL yabwino.
- Zakudya zabwino (zochepa mafuta ndi shuga, zokhala ndi ulusi wambiri) komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse ndi njira zofunika kwambiri zochepetsera cholesterol.
- Ngati dokotala wakupatsani mankhwala, imwani monga mwalembedwera komanso pa nthawi yake.
- Nthawi zonse lankhulani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu, zinthu zomwe zingakuike pachiwopsezo, komanso dongosolo la chithandizo.
💬 Comments (0)
Palibe ndemanga zomwe zatumizidwa pano. Onjezani ndemanga yanu pano koyamba.
Onjezani ndemanga yanu