Kodi inu kapena mwana wanu mumavutika kuyang'ana pa chinthu chimodzi? Kodi nthawi zonse mumakhala osakhazikika komanso osakhazikika? Matendawa amatchedwa Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, kapena ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), monga momwe anthu ambiri amadziwira. Limodzi mwa mankhwala akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza vutoli ndi methylphenidate. Lero, tikambirana za mankhwalawa, makamaka mawonekedwe otulutsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali omwe amatengedwa madzulo.
Kodi methylphenidate ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, iyi ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ADHD. Ponena za zamankhwala, ndi ya gulu la mankhwala olimbikitsa. Taganizirani izi, pali mankhwala enaake muubongo mwathu (ma neurotransmitters) omwe amathandiza pazinthu monga kusamala ndi kulamulira. Munthu amene ali ndi ADHD angakhale ndi zochita zochepa mu izi. Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito polimbikitsa ntchito za mankhwala amenewo, kuwonjezera luso loyang'ana kwambiri komanso kulamulira khalidwe losakhazikika. Mtundu wapadera womwe tikukamba m'nkhaniyi wapangidwa mwanjira yoti akamwedwa madzulo, zotsatira zake zimamveka usiku wonse mpaka m'mawa wotsatira.
Zinthu zomwe muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanamwe mankhwala
Musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za mbiri yanu yonse ya thanzi. Izi zili choncho chifukwa matenda ena angapangitse kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kukhala koopsa. Ngati inu kapena wina aliyense m'banja mwanu ali ndi vuto lililonse lomwe latchulidwa patebulo ili m'munsimu, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotala wanu.
| Matenda/chowonadi | N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kudziwitsa? |
|---|---|
| Matenda a mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena mbiri ya banja la matenda a mtima | Mankhwalawa angawonjezere pang'ono kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kugunda kwa mtima. |
| Matenda amisala (nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, matenda a bipolar, maganizo ofuna kudzipha) | Chifukwa nthawi zina mankhwala amatha kukulitsa zizindikiro zamaganizo zomwe zilipo kale. |
| Kugwidwa ndi khunyu | Mankhwalawa nthawi zina angawonjezere chiopsezo cha khunyu. |
| Matenda a glaucoma | Chifukwa zingawonjezere kuthamanga kwa magazi m'maso. |
| Matenda a chiwindi | Chifukwa zingakhudze njira yochotsera mankhwala m'thupi. |
| Mavuto a magazi m'zala (monga Raynaud's phenomenon) | Chifukwa zizindikiro izi zitha kukulirakulira. |
| Matenda a Tourette kapena magalimoto | Chifukwa zizindikiro za matenda amenewa zingachuluke. |
| Ngati muli ndi pakati, mukuyesera kutenga pakati, kapena ndinu mayi woyamwitsa | Muyenera kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu momwe mankhwalawa angakhudzire mwana wanu. |
| Matenda a chifuwa cha mankhwala awa kapena china chilichonse | Kupewa ziwengo. |
Kodi njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndi iti?
Monga momwe dokotala akunenera, ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa mlingo woyenera panthawi yoyenera.
- Nthawi: Mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umatengedwa madzulo kapena usiku . Yesani kuutenga nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse.
- Momwe mungamwere: Mezani kapisozi yonse ndi kapu yamadzi. Musaswe, kuphwanya, kapena kutafuna kapisoziyo. Kuchita izi kungapangitse kuti mankhwala onse atulutsidwe m'thupi nthawi imodzi, zomwe zingawonjezere zotsatirapo zake.
- Ngati mukuvutika kumeza:Ngati mukuvutika kumeza kapisozi, mutha kutsegula mosamala, kuwaza mapiritsi ang'onoang'ono mkati mwa chakudya chofewa monga applesauce, ndikumeza nthawi yomweyo osatafuna . Koma lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kaye za izi.
- Ngati mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo: Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo kuposa momwe muyenera kukhalira, pitani nthawi yomweyo ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yapafupi kapena imbani National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital .
Chofunika kwambiri: Mankhwalawa aperekedwa kwa inu nokha. Musagawane ndi wina aliyense pazifukwa zilizonse. Ndi osaloledwa ndipo akhoza kukhala oopsa kwa munthuyo.
Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati mwaphonya mlingo wa mankhwala?
Ngati mwaiwala kumwa mankhwala anu amadzulo, imwani mwamsanga mukangokumbukira madzulo amenewo. Komabe, ngati ndi tsiku lotsatira lomwe mwakumbukira, dumphani mlingo womwe mwaphonya ndikumwa mlingo wanu wotsatira panthawi yachizolowezi. Musamwe mankhwala awiri nthawi imodzi kuti mubwezeretse mlingo womwe mwaphonya.
Zinthu zina zomwe zingagwirizane ndi mankhwalawa
Mankhwala ena amatha kusokonezana ndi methylphenidate ndipo angayambitse zotsatira zosafunikira. Ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa (kuphatikizapo mavitamini ndi mankhwala azitsamba).
- Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo a MAOI: Kumwa mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala awa n'koopsa kwambiri. Kungayambitse kuthamanga kwa magazi.
- Mankhwala oletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi: Mankhwalawa angasinthe momwe mankhwala oletsa kuthamanga kwa magazi amagwirira ntchito.
- Mankhwala a khunyu: Kugwira ntchito kwa mankhwala awa kungakhudzidwe.
- Zina Zolimbikitsa: Kumwa pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena a ADHD, mankhwala ochepetsa thupi, ndi zakumwa zokhala ndi caffeine kungayambitse kugunda kwa mtima komanso kusakhazikika.
- Mankhwala omwe amaletsa magazi kuundana (monga Warfarin): Mphamvu ya mankhwalawa ingasinthe.
Zinthu zofunika kusamala kwambiri mukamamwa mankhwala
- Kukula: Dokotala adzayang'anira kutalika ndi kulemera kwa mwana amene akumwa mankhwalawa, chifukwa nthawi zina kukula kwake kungakhudzidwe pang'ono chifukwa cha kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya.
- Chilakolako cha chakudya: Nthawi zambiri munthu amayamba kulakalaka kudya akangoyamba kumwa mankhwala. Njira imodzi yothetsera vutoli ndi kudya chakudya chochepa kangapo patsiku m'malo modya chakudya chachikulu nthawi imodzi.
- Chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro: Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa angakuthandizeni kukhala maso, angakuthandizeninso kugona. Choncho, samalani kwambiri mukamayendetsa galimoto, kukwera njinga, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito makina mpaka mutadziwa bwino momwe mankhwalawa amakukhudzirani.
- Chenjezo lapadera kwa amuna: Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kutopa komwe kumatenga maola opitilira 4, kungakhale vuto lalikulu. Pitani kuchipatala mwachangu kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kosatha.
- Kusintha kwa zala zanu: Ngati muwona zilonda zachilendo, dzanzi, ululu, kapena kuzizira m'zala zanu kapena zala zanu, pamodzi ndi kusintha kwa mtundu (woyera, wabuluu, wofiira) mukumwa mankhwala, uzani dokotala wanu.
Zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwalawa
Monga mankhwala ena onse, mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake, koma si aliyense amene amalandira.
| Mtundu wa zotsatira zoyipa | Makhalidwe |
|---|---|
| Ngati muli ndi chilichonse mwa izi, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. | |
| Matenda a ziwengo | Kutupa pakhungu, kuyabwa, kutupa kwa nkhope/milomo/lilime, kuvutika kupuma. |
| Kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima | Kugunda kwa mtima mofulumira kapena kosasinthasintha, chizungulire, kupweteka pachifuwa. |
| Kusintha kwa mkhalidwe wamaganizo | Kusakhazikika kwambiri, kusokonezeka maganizo, kuona/kumva zinthu zomwe palibe, malingaliro ofuna kudzipha, malingaliro audani. |
| Stroke mwa akuluakulu | Kufooka kwadzidzidzi kwa nkhope, mkono, kapena mwendo, kuvutika kulankhula, kuvutika kuyenda, mutu waukulu. |
| Izi ndi zizindikiro zofala, koma ngati zikupitirira, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu. | |
| Zotsatirapo zazing'ono | Mutu, kusowa tulo, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, kuchepa thupi, nseru, kusawona bwino. |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Methylphenidate ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ADHD. Amawonjezera chidwi komanso amachepetsa kusakhazikika.
- Musanayambe kumwa mankhwalawa, uzani dokotala wanu zonse zokhudza thanzi lanu (makamaka matenda a mtima ndi maganizo).
- Imwani mankhwalawo monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, panthawi yoyenera. Musaswe, kuphwanya, kapena kutafuna kapisozi.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa (kupweteka pachifuwa, kuvutika kupuma, kusintha kwakukulu kwa maganizo), funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Mankhwalawa ndi anu okha. Musagawane ndi wina aliyense. Sungani pamalo otetezeka omwe ana ndi ziweto sangafikire.
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