Kodi nthawi zina mumamva ngati mwana wanu wamng'ono ndi wosiyana pang'ono ndi ana ena? Mwina amakonda kusewera yekha. Kapena mwina sakuyang'anani m'maso mukamalankhula. Ana ena amachedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mawu. Ndizachilendo kuti kholo lizimva mantha komanso nkhawa pang'ono akaona zinthu ngati izi. Lero tikulankhula za matenda otchedwa autism, omwe angakhale ndi zizindikiro izi. Tikambirananso za mfundo zatsopano zomwe zapezeka mu kafukufuku waposachedwa pankhaniyi.
Choyamba, tiyeni tiwone tanthauzo la autism.
Mwachidule, autism si matenda. Ndi vuto la kukula kwa ubongo lomwe limakhudza kukula kwa ubongo. Lingakhudze momwe mwana amamvetsetsa chidziwitso, kulankhulana ndi ena, komanso momwe amachitira zinthu.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti vutoli limakhudza munthu aliyense mosiyana. Ndicho chifukwa chake madokotala amalitcha kuti Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) . Lingalireni ngati utawaleza. Monga momwe utawaleza ulili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ana omwe ali ndi autism ali ndi luso ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Ana ena amafunikira thandizo lalikulu kuti agwire ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku. Ana ena amatha kukhala bwino, koma akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto ena ndi anthu ena.
Kodi kafukufuku watsopanoyu akuti chiyani?
Kafukufuku waposachedwa wotsogozedwa ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ku United States wapeza chinthu chofunikira. Iwo adafufuza deta kuchokera kwa ana pafupifupi 20,000 azaka 8 omwe ali ndi autism.
Chomwe adapeza chinali chakuti kuzindikira ana omwe ali ndi autism yochepa kunali kuwonjezeka mofulumira kuposa kwa ana omwe ali ndi autism yozama kwambiri .
- Mu chaka cha 2000: Ana pafupifupi atatu mwa ana 1,000 anali ndi vuto la autism.
- Pofika chaka cha 2016: Chiwerengero chimenecho chinawonjezeka kufika pa ana 5 pa ana 1,000 aliwonse.
- Koma, onani kufalikira kochepa kwa autism: Ngakhale mu 2000, ana anayi mwa ana 1,000 adapezeka ndi matendawa, pofika mu 2016, chiwerengero chimenecho chinawonjezeka kufika pa ana 14 mwa ana 1,000.
Izi zikusonyeza kuti ana omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zochepa kwambiri tsopano akuzindikirika kwambiri kuposa kale.
Kodi kusiyana pakati pa autism ya 'low-grade' ndi 'high-grade' ndi kotani?
Tiyeni tifotokoze bwino tanthauzo la 'kuchepa kwa nkhawa' ndi 'kuwonjezeka kwa nkhawa'. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mwana ndi wofunika, koma kupereka chithandizo chomwe mwanayo akufunikira.Kugawa kumeneku kumathandiza kumvetsetsa mulingo.
| Khalidwe | Matenda a Autism Ochepa | Matenda Ovutika Kwambiri a Autism |
|---|---|---|
| Luso lolankhula | Amatha kulankhula bwino, koma angavutike kukambirana kapena kumvetsetsa nthabwala. | Kawirikawiri sagwiritsa ntchito mawu (osati mawu) kapena amalankhula mawu ochepa kwambiri. |
| IQ (Intelligence Quotient) | Luntha lingakhale lapakati kapena loposa lapakati. | Malinga ndi kafukufuku, IQ (intelligence quotient) ili pansi pa 50. |
| Maubwenzi ndi anthu ena | Mungafune kupeza mabwenzi, koma zingakhale zovuta kuchita zinthu m'gulu la anthu ndikumvetsa momwe ena akumvera. | Angaoneke ngati sali paubwenzi ndi ena, m'dziko lawo, ndipo saganizira kwambiri za ena. |
| Thandizo la tsiku ndi tsiku | Angathe kuchita zinthu zambiri okha. Angafunike malangizo okhudza ntchito ya kusukulu ndi zochitika zina zosangalatsa. | Ngakhale ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku monga kudya ndi kuvala zimafuna chithandizo chambiri pa moyo wonse. |
Nchifukwa chiyani milandu ya autism ya "grade low" ikunenedwa mobwerezabwereza?
Poona ziwerengerozi, munthu angadabwe ngati kufalikira kwa matenda a autism kwawonjezeka m'dera la anthu. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zachititsa izi.
1. Kudziwa zambiri: Makolo, aphunzitsi, ndi madokotala akuzindikira bwino vutoli kuposa kale lonse. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale atawona kusintha pang'ono pa khalidwe la mwana, amafufuza.
2. Njira zodziwira matenda : Kale, ana okhawo omwe anali ndi zizindikiro zoopsa kwambiri ndi omwe ankapezeka ndi matenda a autism. Komabe, tsopano njira zodziwira matenda zawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, tsopano n'zotheka kuzindikira molondola ngakhale ana omwe anali ndi zizindikiro zochepa zomwe sanazizindikire kale.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti uwu si mliri watsopano. M'malo mwake, kumvetsetsa kwathu ndi luso lathu lozindikira izi kukukula. Ichi ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri, chifukwa zikutanthauza kuti titha kupatsa ana chithandizo chomwe akufuna msanga.
Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati ndikukayikira za mwana wanga?
Ngati mukukayikira chilichonse chokhudza mwana wanu pamene mukuwerenga nkhaniyi, chonde kumbukirani zimenezo ndipo musamadandaule. Musachite mantha. Simuli nokha.
Chofunika kwambiri chomwe muyenera kuchita ndikulankhula ndi dokotala za izi. Kambiranani momasuka za izi ndi dokotala wa banja lanu kapena dokotala wa ana . Fotokozani momveka bwino zomwe mukuganiza za mwana wanu komanso kusintha komwe mwaona.
Kumbukirani, mukazindikira msanga matendawa, mumapereka thandizo lalikulu kwa mwana wanu . Kuzindikira msanga kumakupatsani mwayi wopeza thandizo lomwe mwana wanu amafunikira, monga kulankhula ndi chithandizo cha khalidwe. Izi zingathandize mwana wanu kukulitsa luso lake ndikumulimbitsa kuti athane ndi mavuto amtsogolo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Autism ndi matenda omwe ali ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, monga utawaleza. Mwana mmodzi akhoza kukhala wosiyana kwambiri ndi wina.
- Posachedwapa, milandu yambiri ya autism 'yofatsa' yanenedwa, osati chifukwa chakuti vutoli lafala kwambiri, koma chifukwa chakuti kuzindikira kwathu ndi luso lathu lozindikira zawonjezeka.
- Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ana omwe ali ndi vuto la 'autism' amafunika thandizo ndi chisamaliro chapadera pa moyo wawo wonse.
- Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza kukula, kalankhulidwe, kapena khalidwe la mwana wanu, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.Kuzindikira msanga ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa tsogolo la mwana.
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