Kodi muli ndi vuto ndi valvu ya mitral ya mtima wanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za Matenda a Mitral Valve!

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva kupweteka pang'ono pachifuwa panu, kuvutika kupuma, kapena kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kugunda kwa mtima wanu? Mungaganize kuti izi ndi zinthu zachilendo. Komabe, nthawi zina izi zingakhale zizindikiro za kufooka kwina kwa valvu ya mitral mumtima mwanu. Musadandaule, lero tikambirana za matenda osavuta awa a valvu ya mitral (`Mitral Valve Disease`) .

Kodi valavu ya mitral ndi chiyani? Kodi imagwira ntchito bwanji mumtima?

Mwachidule, mtima wanu ndi chiwalo chodabwitsa. Uli ndi zipinda zinayi zazikulu. Uli ngati zipinda m'nyumba. Pamene magazi akuyenda pakati pa zipinda izi, pali zipata zazing'ono zomwe zimasunga magazi kuyenda mbali imodzi yokha. Ndicho chimene timatcha ma valve . Valavu ya mitral ili pakati pa chipinda chapamwamba kumbali yakumanzere ya mtima wanu (atrium yakumanzere) ndi chipinda chapansi (ventricle yakumanzere). Uli ngati chipata chaching'ono. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikulola magazi ochuluka okosijeni ochokera m'mapapo kudutsa kuchokera ku atrium yakumanzere kupita ku ventricle yakumanzere. Kenako ventricle yakumanzere imapopa magazi m'thupi lonse. Valavu ya mitral ili ngati apolisi apamsewu , kulola magazi kuyenda mbali imodzi yokha osabwerera m'mbuyo. Chifukwa chake, ngati china chake chawonongeka mu valvu iyi ya mitral, kapena ngati sichikugwira ntchito bwino, ndiye kuti chimatchedwa Matenda a Mitral Valve . Izi zitha kuchitika mwadzidzidzi, kapena zimatha kukula pakapita nthawi. Anthu ena amatha kubadwa ndi vutoli (lobadwa nalo).

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya matenda a mitral valve ndi iti?

Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya matenda a mitral valve. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili. Ganizirani za mitral valve yanu ngati chitseko chokhala ndi ma flaps awiri (`timabuku` kapena `cusps`). Ma flaps awa amafunika kutsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa bwino kuti magazi alowe. 1. Mitral Valve Stenosis: Apa ndi pamene ma flaps amakhala okhuthala, olimba, ndipo satseguka bwino. Izi zimapangitsa kuti magazi adutse kuchokera ku atrium yakumanzere kupita ku ventricle yakumanzere. Zili ngati chitoliro chamadzi chomwe chatsekeka. Izi zimapangitsa mtima kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti upompe magazi. 2. Mitral Valve Prolapse: Apa ndi pamene ma flaps amakhala osinthasintha kwambiri, ndipo mtima ukakokana, amatuluka mu atrium yakumanzere. Amagwa ngati nsalu yakale. Izi zingayambitse kuti valavu isatseke bwino. Ngati izi zitachitika, nthawi zina magazi amayamba kutuluka m'mbuyo (`regurgitation`). 3. Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Izi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa ` ` leaky valve`` kapena `` mitral insufficiency``.Amatchedwanso. Chomwe chimachitika apa ndichakuti ma flaps a valavu sakutsekana bwino. Kenako, magazi ena omwe adalowa mu ventricle yakumanzere amatulukanso kupita ku atrium yakumanzere. Zili ngati mpweya wotuluka mu baluni yobowoledwa. Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi mitundu yoposa imodzi mwa iyi.

Ndani amadwala matenda a mitral valve? Kodi matendawa ndi ofala bwanji?

Matendawa amatha kufalikira pa msinkhu uliwonse. Ana ena amabadwa ndi vutoli. Akuluakulu ena amatha kudwala mwadzidzidzi, mwina chifukwa cha matenda a mtima kapena matenda a mtima . Komabe, nthawi zambiri amafalikira pang'onopang'ono mwa okalamba pamene valavu ikufooka. Mtundu wotchedwa `Mitral Valve Prolapse` ndi wofala kwambiri mwa akazi. Komabe, ukhoza kukhala woopsa pang'ono ngati ufalikira mwa amuna, chifukwa amakhala ndi vuto lalikulu lobwerera m'mimba.

• Matenda a Mitral Valve Stenosis ndi osowa kwambiri m'maiko ngati America, koma amapezeka kwambiri m'maiko omwe matenda a rheumatic fever ndi ofala.
• Matenda a Mitral Valve Prolapse ndi ofala kwambiri. Pafupifupi munthu m'modzi pa anthu 33 ku United States akhoza kukhala nawo. Koma si aliyense amene amatuluka magazi kwambiri.
• Kubwerezabwereza kwa Mitral Valve nakonso n'kofala. Pafupifupi munthu m'modzi pa anthu 10 ku United States akuti ali ndi vuto la kutuluka magazi mu valavu yawo ya mtima. Mtundu wofala kwambiri wa kutuluka magazi ndi valavu ya mitral.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a mitral valve ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro zomwe mumakumana nazo zimadalira mtundu wa matenda a mitral valve omwe muli nawo komanso kuopsa kwake. Nthawi zina simungakhale ndi zizindikiro konse . Kapena mungakumane ndi zinthu monga:

• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kulimba.
• Chifuwa , nthawi zina ndi magazi pang'ono.
• Chizungulire kapena kukomoka.
• Kutopa ndi kutopa (` Kutopa` ) .
• Kugunda kwa mtima . Mungamve mtima wanu ukugunda mofulumira kapena kumva phokoso la kugunda kwa mtima wanu.
• Anthu ena amatha kudwala mutu waching'alang'ala .
• Matenda otchedwa "Mitral facies." Apa ndi pamene masaya amaoneka ngati pinki-wofiirira.
• "Orthostatic hypotension" amatanthauza kutsika kwadzidzidzi kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi munthu akaimirira.Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi .
• Kupuma movutikira , makamaka mukatopa kapena mukagona.
• Kutupa kwa miyendo, akakolo, ndi mapazi .

Zizindikiro zimenezi zingagwirizanenso ndi matenda ena a mtima (atrial fibrillation, mtima kulephera kugwira ntchito).

Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mitral valve?

Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo za izi. Tiyeni tiwone zazikulu:

• Zilema za mtima zobadwa nazo: Anthu ena amabadwa ndi vuto la valvu ya mitral.
• Matenda a minofu yolumikizana: Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo matenda monga Marfan syndrome ndi Ehlers-Danlos syndrome .
• Matenda a mtima (endocarditis): Matenda omwe ali mkati mwa mtima amatha kuwononga ma valve.
• Kukulitsa kwa mitsempha ya kumanzere: Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha chifukwa cha matenda a mtima kapena matenda monga cardiomyopathy (kufooka kwa minofu ya mtima).
• Kukalamba: Mukakalamba, calcium imatha kusonkhana m'ma valve a mtima wanu. Izi zingayambitse ma valve kuti akhuthale ndipo asagwire bwino ntchito.
• Chithandizo cha radiation: Anthu omwe adapatsidwa chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa amatha kuwonongeka ndi valavu ya mtima patatha zaka 10-20.
• Matenda a nyamakazi: Uwu ndi malungo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a bakiteriya. Ngati sakuchiritsidwa bwino, amatha kuwononga ma valve a mtima kwa zaka zambiri. Kale, ichi chinali chifukwa chachikulu cha Mitral Valve Stenosis. Tsopano, chifukwa cha maantibayotiki, izi zachepa kwambiri.

Kodi matenda a mitral valve amapezedwa bwanji?

Izi zitha kudziwika kokha ndi dokotala amene akukuyesani ndikuchita mayeso enaake.

Kuyezetsa thupi

Dokotala adzaika stethoscope pachifuwa panu ndikumvetsera phokoso la mtima wanu. Kenako adzafufuza mawu enaake (madandaulo) okhudzana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a mitral valve.

• Mu `Mitral Valve Stenosis` : Mungamve phokoso pamene magazi akudutsa mu valavu yopapatiza ndi phokoso la ``snap`` pamene valavu ikutseguka.
• Mu `Mitral Valve Prolapse` : Phokoso la `click` lingamveke, kenako `murmur`. Izi zimatchedwanso `click-murmur syndrome`.
• Mu `Mitral Valve Regurgitation` : `Murmur` imamveka pamene magazi akutuluka chammbuyo.

Kuphatikiza apo, adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu komanso ngati pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene ali ndi matenda a mtima.

Mayeso ozindikira matenda

Echocardiogram (echo) ndiye mayeso abwino kwambiri pa izi. Imatha kuwona zinthu zambiri, monga momwe ma valve a mtima alili, kukula kwa mtima, ndi momwe umagwirira ntchito. Zili ngati ultrasound scan. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kuchita mayeso monga:

• Electrocardiography (ECG/EKG): Iyi imayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya mtima.
• X-ray ya pachifuwa: Izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyesa kukula kwa ventricle yakumanzere ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi m'mapapo.
• Kutsegula mtima (Cardiac Catheterization): Kachubu kakang'ono kamalowetsedwa mumtima kudzera mu mtsempha wamagazi kuti ayesere kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa mtima. Izi zingathandize kuwona ngati pali mitral valve stenosis. Izi zimachitikanso musanachite opaleshoni kuti muwone ngati pali mavuto ndi mitsempha ya mtima.

Kodi matenda a mitral valve amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Ngati mulibe zizindikiro, mwina simukusowa chithandizo. Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani nthawi zonse ndikuyang'anira matenda anu. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, zidzafunika kuthandizidwa. Chithandizocho chimadalira zinthu zambiri, monga matenda anu, zaka zanu, komanso ngati muli ndi matenda ena. Pali njira zingapo zazikulu zothandizira:

• Mankhwala:

Dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala oti athandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro zanu. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ochepetsa magazi m'thupi, oletsa beta-blockers kapena oletsa njira za calcium , komanso mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Angakulembeninso mankhwala ochepetsa magazi m'thupi kapena oletsa magazi kuundana kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana.

• `Kuchotsa Baluni`:

Izi zimachitika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi `Mitral Valve Stenosis`. Katheta kakang'ono kooneka ngati baluni kamadutsa mumtsempha wamagazi kupita mumtima, ndipo baluniyo imadzazidwa ndi mpweya pafupi ndi valavu yotsekedwa, kutsegula valavu ndikukulitsa njira yolowera magazi.

• Opaleshoni yokonza ma valve a Mitral:

Nthawi iliyonse ikatheka, madokotala amayesa kukonza valavu m'malo moichotsa. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wosunga valavu yanu ndikupewa mavuto ena omwe amabwera ndi valavu yopangira.

• Opaleshoni yosinthira ma valve a mitral:

Nthawi zina, ngati valavu yawonongeka kwambiri moti singakonzedwe, imayenera kuchotsedwa ndipo valavu yopangidwa imayenera kuyikidwamo.

• Opaleshoni yochepetsera kufalikira kwa mitsempha yamagazi (`Kukonzanso kwa valavu ya mitral yochepetsera kufalikira kwa mitsempha yamagazi`):

Njira zimenezi zimathandiza kuti munthu achire msanga chifukwa opaleshoniyi imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mabala ang'onoang'ono osati mabala akuluakulu. Pali njira monga `Right mini-thoracotomy` , `partial upper sternotomy` , ndi `robotically-assisted repair` .

• Njira zothandizira pakhungu:

Mankhwala awa amagwiritsa ntchito catheter. Ndi oyenera kwambiri anthu omwe ali ndi mtima wokulirapo komanso wofooka. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi `Mitral Valve Regurgitation`, chipangizo chaching'ono chotchedwa `MitraClip™` chingalumikizidwe ku valavu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti itseke bwino ndikuchepetsa kutuluka kwa magazi.

• Kusintha kwa valavu ya mitral ya percutaneous:

Kwa iwo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha opaleshoni koma ali ndi malo oyenera a valavu, nthawi zina valavu yatsopano imayikidwa kuchokera mkati mwa valavu yakale, yodwala.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu njira yothandizira yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo panthawi ya chithandizo

Maopaleshoni ndi njira zochiritsira zimenezi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopambana kwambiri. Chiwopsezo cha mavuto ndi chochepa. Komabe, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni ina iliyonse ya mtima, zotsatirazi zitha kuchitika:

• Kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika (`Arrhythmia`)
• Kutuluka magazi
• Magazi amaundana
• Matenda amtima
• Kutseka mtima
• Matenda

Zoopsazi zimasiyana malinga ndi chithandizo chomwe mumalandira komanso thanzi lanu, choncho lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.

Kodi matenda a mitral valve angapewedwe?

Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kupewa matenda a valve awa. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu mukakula:

• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera. Ndi kwabwino kwambiri pa mtima wanu ndi mitsempha yamagazi.
• Imwani mankhwala opha tizilombo omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani pa zinthu monga strep throat kapena scarlet fever kwa nthawi yoyenera.
• Pitani kwa dokotala kamodzi pachaka kuti akakuwonetseni thanzi lanu .

Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukukonzekera kutenga pakati, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha mwana wanu chokhala ndi vuto la mtima lobadwa nalo. Iye angakulangizeni kuti mupewe kusuta fodya, kumwa mowa, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi mbiri ya matenda a mtima obadwa nawo kapena matenda olumikizana ndi minofu, mungafune kuganizira zoyezetsa majini .

Kodi mungakhale ndi moyo wautali bwanji ndi matenda a mitral valve?

Izi zimadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa matenda omwe muli nawo, kuopsa kwake, kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka komwe kwachitika pamtima panu, komanso nthawi yomwe mumalandira chithandizo. Choncho, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za vuto lanu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a mitral valve, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Kuzindikira msanga kungathandize kupewa mavuto aakulu pambuyo pake. Ngati vuto lanu ndi lochepa, dokotala wanu angakupempheni kuti mubwere nthawi zonse kuti aziyang'anira vuto lanu. Musaiwale kupita kukaonana ndi dokotala pambuyo pa chithandizo.

Milandu yomwe ikufunika chithandizo chadzidzidzi

Ngati chinthu chonga ichi chichitika, muyenera kuyimba foni nthawi yomweyo ku 1990 kapena kupita kuchipatala chapafupi:

• Kupweteka kwambiri pachifuwa.
• Kutaya chidziwitso, chizungulire, kapena kufooka kwambiri.
• Ngati mtima ukugunda mofulumira kapena mosagwirizana.
• Kupuma movutikira mwadzidzidzi.
• Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatira zosayembekezereka kuchokera ku mankhwala omwe mukumwa.

Ngati mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi (anticoagulants), funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati mwagwa. Ndikofunikira kupita kuchipatala, ngakhale simukuwona zizindikiro zilizonse za kuwonongeka, chifukwa pali chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi mkati.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Mukapezeka ndi matenda a mitral valve, ndikofunikira kudziwa zambiri za matendawa. Funsani dokotala wanu mafunso monga awa:

• Kodi vuto langa ndi loipa bwanji?
• Kodi izi zitha kuipiraipira pakapita nthawi?
• Kodi ndikufunika opaleshoni? Ngati ndi choncho, liti?
• Kodi ndingathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni yochepa kwambiri kapena kulandira chithandizo kudzera mu catheter?
• Kodi valavu yanga ingakonzedwe, kapena ndikufunika kupeza valavu yatsopano?
• Kodi njira ya chithandizo ili bwanji?
• Kodi zoopsa ndi ubwino wa chithandizochi ndi ziti?
• Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?
• Kodi ndiyenera kubwera kangati kuti ndikaone ngati ndakumana ndi vuto langa?
• Kodi ndiyenera kumwa mankhwala aliwonse tsopano kapena nditalandira chithandizo? Kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Ndi kusintha kotani komwe ndiyenera kusintha pa moyo wanga?

Kukonza ma valavu ndi njira yovuta, choncho ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito.

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji?

Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani malangizo kutengera vuto lanu. Kawirikawiri, zinthu izi ndizofunikira:

• Imwani mankhwala anu monga mwalangizidwira.
• Samalirani mano ndi mkamwa mwanu bwino. (Thanzi la pakamwa limakhudzanso mtima)
• Chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi monga momwe dokotala akunenera.
• Pewani kusuta fodya, kumwa mowa, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
• Lamulirani kupsinjika maganizo .
• Gonani bwino.

Sinthani khadi lanu la chidziwitso cha zachipatala chadzidzidzi.

Ngati muli ndi matenda aliwonse a valavu, muyenera kuuza madokotala anu onse ndi madokotala a mano. Mungafunike kumwa mankhwala opha maantibayotiki musanayambe kuchita opaleshoni ya mano kapena yachipatala. Ndikofunikanso kukhala ndi khadi la chidziwitso cha zachipatala chadzidzidzi . Liyenera kukhala ndi izi:

• Dzina lanu lonse ndi tsiku lanu lobadwa.
• Nambala ya foni ya munthu woti mudziwitse pakagwa ngozi.
• Tsatanetsatane wa dokotala wanu wamkulu.
• Matenda anu a ziwengo.
• Mankhwala aliwonse omwe mumamwa.
• Mtundu wa matenda a valve omwe muli nawo.
• Kodi mwakonza kapena kusintha valavu?
• Kaya mutenga mankhwala ochepetsa magazi.

Ngati simukudziwa momwe mungachitire izi, funsani dokotala wanu. Mutha kulemba izi pa khadi laling'ono ndikuzisunga m'chikwama chanu kapena m'chikwama chanu.

Pomaliza, ndiyenera kunena... (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Matenda a Mitral valve sakhudza aliyense mofanana. Anthu ena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Ena angakumane ndi mavuto akuluakulu ndi zochita zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse ndikuyang'anira thanzi lanu. Uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo ngati muwona zizindikiro zatsopano kapena kusintha kwa zizindikiro zanu. Ngakhale kuti matenda a valve sangapewedwe nthawi zambiri, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kungathandize kuti ma valve anu azikhala athanzi komanso mtima wanu wonse. Musadandaule, ndi upangiri woyenera wachipatala komanso chithandizo, inunso mutha kuthana ndi vutoli bwino ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi! Matenda a Mitral Valve, Matenda a Mtima, Matenda a Valve, Kuvuta Kupuma, Kupweteka Pachifuwa, Opaleshoni ya Mtima, Matenda a Mitral Valve