Kodi mukudziwa za matenda oopsa a bowa awa? (Mucormycosis) Tiyeni tikambirane!

Kodi munamvapo za 'bowa wakuda'? Mwina munamvapo m'nyuzipepala kapena pa TV. Ndi matenda oopsa komanso oopsa. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za matenda a bowa awa, omwe amadziwika kuti Mucormycosis, mwachidule.

Kodi Mucormycosis ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Mucormycosis ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri a bowa . Amayambitsidwa ndi gulu la bowa lotchedwa mucormycetes. Bowa awa amatha kukhudza ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi lathu. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kukhudza maso anu, sinuses (malo omwe ali pamphumi ndi masaya anu), ubongo, mapapo, m'mimba ndi matumbo (m'mimba), kapena khungu.

Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro zimasiyana malinga ndi gawo la thupi lanu lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi bowa. Nthawi zina limatchedwa zygomycosis.

Tangoganizani, bowa awa otchedwa mucomycetes amakhala m'malo otizungulira, makamaka m'nthaka, manyowa, masamba ovunda, ndi matabwa. Koma zodabwitsa, ambiri a ife sitidwala ndi bowa awa. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, mitundu ina ya khansa, kapena matenda ena omwe amafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga mucomycosis.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti mucormycosis ndi matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amatha kupha . Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, muyenera kupita kuchipatala kapena kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya Mucormycosis ndi iti?

Pali mitundu ikuluikulu ingapo ya mucormycosis. Iyi ndi:

• Mtundu womwe umakhudza mphuno, maso, ndi ubongo (Rhino-orbital-cerebral kapena Rhinocerebral mucormycosis)
• Mucosa ya m'mapapo
• Cutaneous mucormycosis
• Mtundu womwe umakhudza dongosolo la m'mimba (Gastrointestinal mucormycosis)
• Kufalikira kwa mucormycosis

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za mucormycosis zimadalira mbali ya thupi lanu yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka. Mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro m'mphuno mwanu, m'mapapo, m'mimba, mozungulira maso anu, kapena pakhungu lanu.

Mtundu womwe umakhudza mphuno, maso, ndi ubongo (Rhino-orbital-cerebral Mucormycosis)

Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa mucormycosis . Pankhaniyi, bowa amayamba kufalikira m'mphuno mwanu ndipo amatha kufalikira ku ubongo. Ndiwofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga oopsa komanso osalamulirika (mwachitsanzo, A1C yoposa 8% ngakhale atalandira chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zonse kwa nthawi yoposa chaka chimodzi) komanso kwa anthu omwe adasinthidwa ziwalo.

Zizindikiro za mtundu uwu ndi izi:

• Malungo
• Mutu
• Kupweteka kwa sinus (kupweteka pamphumi, masaya)
• Kutsekeka kwa mphuno
• Zilonda kapena zilonda padenga la pakamwa
• Kutaya masomphenya kapena kuona zinthu ziwiri
• Kuvutika kutembenuza maso ndi kumwetulira (izi zimatchedwa `cranial nerve palsy`)
• Maso otuluka (proptosis)
• Kutupa mozungulira maso
• Misozi yakuda kapena mafinya ochokera m'maso
• Kusokonezeka kapena kusintha kwina kwa maganizo

Mucormycosis ya m'mapapo

Matenda a bowa a m'mapapo ndi achiwiri omwe amapezeka kwambiri. Amapezeka kwambiri mu:

• Anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yokhudzana ndi magazi (monga khansa ya m'magazi, khansa ya m'magazi, kapena myeloma), makamaka omwe ali ndi maselo oyera amagazi ochepa (neutropenia)
• Kwa iwo omwe adasamutsidwapo mafupa
• Kwa iwo omwe adasamutsidwapo ziwalo zolimba

Zizindikiro za mtundu uwu:

• Malungo
• Kupweteka pachifuwa
• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira)
• Kutsokomola magazi (hemoptysis)

Cutaneous Mucormycosis

Matenda amtunduwu amapezeka pamene bowa walowa pakhungu lanu kudzera mu kudula kapena kukanda. Tangoganizani kuti muli ndi bala laling'ono ndipo chinthu chonga dothi chalowa pabala. Izi zingayambitse bowa uwu kulowa. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, mtundu uwu umapezekanso mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chathanzi.

Zizindikiro za khungu:

• Matuza opweteka, zilonda, kapena ziphuphu zolimba pakhungu
• Kufiira kwa khungu, kusintha kwa mtundu, kapena kutupa

Kusintha kwa khungu kumeneku kumakula kwambiri pakapita nthawi. Kumakhala kwakuda, kufalikira m'malo akuluakulu, ndipo nthawi zina kumatha kufalikira ku minofu kapena mafupa.

Mtundu womwe umakhudza dongosolo la m'mimba (Gastrointestinal Mucormycosis)

Uwu ndi matenda a m'mimba kapena m'matumbo. Amapezeka kwambiri mwa makanda obadwa msanga. Koma posachedwapa, awonjezekanso mwa akuluakulu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chochepa chamthupi (neutropenia), anthu omwe amatenga mankhwala a corticosteroid kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena omwe amafooketsa chitetezo chamthupi.

Zizindikiro:

• Kupweteka m'mimba
• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Kutuluka magazi m'mimba

Kufalikira kwa Mucormycosis

Pankhaniyi, matendawa amafalikira kudzera m'magazi kupita ku ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi. Kawirikawiri amakhudza ubongo, komanso amatha kukhudza mtima, ndulu, kapena khungu. Uwu ndiye mtundu woopsa kwambiri komanso woopsa wa mucormycosis. Umapezeka kwambiri mu:

• Anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yokhudzana ndi magazi, makamaka omwe ali ndi neutropenia
• Anthu omwe adasamutsidwapo mafupa
• Anthu omwe adasamutsidwapo ziwalo zolimba

Popeza mtundu uwu umakhudza ziwalo zambiri za thupi, zizindikiro za mitundu ina yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa zingawonekerenso, komanso zizindikiro za matenda aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo.

Nchifukwa chiyani mucormycosis imachitika?

Matenda a Mucomycosis amayamba chifukwa cha bowa wosiyanasiyana. Ofala kwambiri ndi Rhizopus oryzae ndi Rhizopus delemar. (Izi ndi mitundu yeniyeni ya bowa.) Bowa awa amakhala m'malo ozungulira - makamaka m'nthaka, manyowa, masamba ovunda ndi matabwa. Amapezekanso m'chakudya chomwe sichinatsukidwe bwino. Ambiri aife sitimadwala chifukwa chopuma kapena kukhudza bowa awa. Koma ngati muli ndi matenda enaake, chitetezo cha mthupi chanu sichingathe kulimbana ndi matendawa.

Kodi izi zikutikhudza bwanji?

Mungathe kutenga matenda a mucormycosis popuma spores (mbali zoberekera za bowa) za bowa awa, kudya chinthu chomwe chili nawo, kapena kuwachotsa pakhungu. Spores awa ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri moti sitingathe kuwaona kapena kuwapewa.

Kawirikawiri, matendawa amafalikira kuchokera kuzipatala, kudzera mu zipangizo zachipatala zoipitsidwa, komanso pambuyo pa masoka achilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, mphepo yamkuntho yoopsa imatha kuyambitsa dothi lalikulu ndikutulutsa bowa mumlengalenga.

Kodi izi zimapatsirana kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina?

Ayi. Mucormycosis siifalikira kuchokera kwa munthu wina kupita kwa wina. Mutha kutenga bowa uwu kuchokera ku chilengedwe chokha.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mucormycosis?

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga komanso matenda ena omwe amafooketsa chitetezo chamthupi ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa. Komanso, kukhala ndi chitsulo chochuluka m'thupi kungayambitse izi. Zinthu zomwe zingawopseze izi ndi monga:

• Matenda a shuga, makamaka ndi matenda monga hyperglycemia ndi ketoacidosis.
• Ataikidwa chiwalo cholimba.
• Kusamutsidwa kwa maselo oyambira a magazi (kuika mafupa).
• Neutropenia ndi kuchepa kwa maselo oyera a m'magazi otchedwa neutrophils.
• Khansa, makamaka khansa ya m'magazi, lymphoma, kapena myeloma.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a corticosteroid kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Kubaya mankhwala popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
• Matenda otchedwa hemochromatosis (omwe amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa chitsulo m'thupi - `kuchuluka kwa chitsulo`).
• Kupsa kapena kuvulala kwambiri pakhungu komwe kumalola dothi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kulowa m'bala.
• Kubadwa msanga kapena kukhala ndi thupi lochepa.

Mwachidule, ngati chitetezo cha mthupi lanu (chitetezo cha mthupi) chili chofooka, ndiye kuti mungakhale ndi vutoli.

Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angayambitse matendawa?

Mucormycosis ingayambitse mavuto aakulu komanso oopsa, kuphatikizapo:

• Kutsekeka kwa magazi m'malo olumikizirana mafupa: Uku ndi kutsekeka kwa magazi komwe kumachitika m'malo olumikizirana mafupa a m'malo olumikizirana mafupa. Kungathe kupha munthu.
• Matenda a fasciitis otupa mafupa:Uwu ndi matenda oopsa komanso ofala mofulumira a bakiteriya (omwe amatchedwanso "mabakiteriya odya nyama"). Akhoza kupha.
• Osteomyelitis: Ichi ndi matenda a mafupa anu. Mafupa amatha kuonongeka.

Izi ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo mwachangu.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji matendawa molondola? (Kuzindikira)

Dokotala angaganize kuti muli ndi matenda a mucormycosis kutengera zizindikiro zanu ndi matenda ena omwe muli nawo. Kuti atsimikizire izi, adzajambula zithunzi za ziwalo za thupi zomwe zakhudzidwa ndikuwunika minofu ya thupi lanu kuti awone ngati pali bowa.

Mayeso a izi:

• Kujambula: Kujambula pachifuwa X-ray, CT scans (computed tomography scans), kapena MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) kungachitike.
• Endobronchial ultrasound: Iyi ndi mtundu wa bronchoscopy. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chipangizo cha ultrasound chomwe chimalumikizidwa ku chubu chopyapyala komanso chowala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula zithunzi za mkati mwa mapapo.
• Kufufuza minofu: Dokotala akhoza kuyang'ana minofu yanu pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu kapena kudzera mu mayeso a labu kuti aone ngati pali bowa wa mucormycosis.

Kodi Mucormycosis imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Madokotala amachiritsa matenda a mucormycosis ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Angafunikenso kuchita opaleshoni kuti achotse minofu yodwala kapena yakufa. Mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi ndi awa:

• Amphotericin B
• Posaconazole `(Posaconazole)`
• Isavuconazole

Muyenera kumwa mankhwala opha mavairasi kwa milungu ingapo, mwina miyezi ingapo.

Kodi matendawa angachiritsidwe kwathunthu?

Inde, n'zotheka. Koma imafunika kuchiritsidwa mwachangu. Ngakhale chithandizo chichedwe kwa masiku angapo, mwayi wopulumuka ukhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri. Ngakhale chithandizo chikayamba mwachangu, zingakhale zovuta kuchichiritsa.

Chithandizo chachangu ndiye mwayi wabwino kwambiri wopulumutsa moyo!

Kodi chiŵerengero cha imfa chifukwa cha Mucormycosis ndi chotani?

Chifukwa chakuti n'zovuta kuchiza komanso chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi mucormycosis ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka, chiwerengero cha imfa n'chokwera kwambiri. Chiwerengero cha imfa pa mitundu yonse ya mucormycosis ndi pafupifupi 54%. Mucormycosis yomwe imakhudza sinuses yokha ili ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha imfa (pafupifupi 46%). Komabe, mucormycosis yomwe yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi nthawi zambiri imakhala yakupha.

Nkhaniyi ndi yofunika kwambiri. Chifukwa chakuti matendawa ndi ovuta kuchiza, ndipo chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri omwe amadwala matendawa amakhala ndi chitetezo chochepa chamthupi, chiwerengero cha imfa chimakhala chachikulu. Koma musataye mtima, pali mwayi wochira mukalandira chithandizo msanga.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse mwa zotsatirazi, funsani dokotala momwe mungapewere matenda a bowa komanso momwe mungawazindikire msanga:

• Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga kapena khansa.
• Ngati mwaikidwa chiwalo kapena kuikidwa maselo oyambira.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda kapena mukumwa mankhwala omwe amafooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Chipinda Chothandizira Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) liti?

Matenda a mucormycosis amatha kupha ngati sakuthandizidwa mwachangu. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za mucormycosis, makamaka ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili chofooka kapena matenda a shuga, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga. Nthawi zonse funani chithandizo chadzidzidzi ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zoopsa izi:

• Malungo aakulu (oposa 103 Fahrenheit/40 Celsius).
• Kuvuta kupuma.
• Kutsokomola magazi.
• Maso otupa kapena kutupa kuzungulira maso.
• Kusintha kwa masomphenya, monga kuwona kawiri.
• Kusokonezeka maganizo kapena kusintha kwina kwa maganizo.
• Kugwedezeka.
• Mamina akuda kapena misozi.
• Chilonda chomwe sichichira, chikupitirira kufalikira, kapena kukhala chakuda.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga!

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Zingakhale zothandiza kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso awa:

• Kodi ndili pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a bowa?
• Kodi ndingachite chiyani kuti ndichepetse chiopsezo changa?
• Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe ndiyenera kuziona ndipo ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala?
• Kodi ndi njira ziti zochiritsira zomwe ndili nazo?
• Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani ndi matendawa?

Kodi pali njira zopewera Mucormycosis? (Kupewa)

Bowa lomwe limayambitsa mucormycosis lili ponseponse, kotero n'zovuta kuwapewa kotheratu. Koma nazi njira zina zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda a bowa:

• Ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda lomwe limakuika pachiwopsezo cha matenda oopsa a bowa, gwirani ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni.
• Ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a bowa, dokotala wanu angakulembeni mankhwala ophera bowa kuti akuthandizeni kupewa matenda.
• Ngati ntchito yanu ikuikani pachiwopsezo chotenga bowa, funsani dokotala wanu ngati muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda.
• Pewani malo okhala ndi fumbi, monga malo omangira nyumba. Ngati muyenera kukhala m'malo otere, valani chigoba cha ``N95`` (kapena zida zina zodzitetezera) kuti muthandize kusefa spores za bowa kuchokera mumlengalenga womwe mumapuma.
• Pewani zinthu zomwe zingakupangitseni kudwala matenda a bowa, monga kulima dimba ndi kukumba. Valani magolovesi ndi zovala zophimba khungu lanu momwe mungathere mukamagwira ntchito panja.
• Tsukani mabala ndi mikwingwirima bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi.

Kodi COVID-19 imawonjezera chiopsezo cha Mucormycosis?

Mu 2021, panali kuwonjezeka kwa milandu ya mucormycosis pakati pa anthu omwe anali ndi COVID-19. Koma akatswiri sakudziwa bwino lomwe mgwirizano wake ndi chiyani. Sakudziwanso ngati kukhala ndi COVID-19 kokha ndikokwanira kuwonjezera chiopsezo, chifukwa:

• Milandu yambiri inanenedwa kuchokera kumadera a dziko lapansi komwe mucormycosis ndi yofala. Pa nthawi ya mliri wa COVID-19, pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa atatu aliwonse omwe ali ndi mucormycosis m'madera awa sanali ndi COVID-19.
• Pa nthawi ya mliriwu, milandu ingapo ya COVID-19 ndi mucormycosis inanenedwa m'madera ena padziko lapansi (komwe mucormycosis nthawi zambiri siimapezeka kawirikawiri), koma panalibe kufalikira kwa matenda a bowa m'madera omwe mucormycosis nthawi zambiri siimapezeka kawirikawiri.
• Anthu ambiri omwe anali ndi matenda a shuga otchedwa mucormycosis ndi COVID-19 anali ndi matenda a shuga osalamulirika bwino kapena ankamwa mankhwala a corticosteroid. Izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a shuga otchedwa mucormycosis.
• Anthu ambiri omwe anali ndi COVID-19 komanso mucormycosis anali ndi mtundu womwe umakhudza mphuno, maso, ndi ubongo (rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis) - osati matenda wamba a m'mapapo omwe mungayembekezere. Izi zikusonyezanso kuti matenda ena omwe amayambitsa matendawa, osati COVID-19 yokha, ndi omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa ayambe.

Kotero, n'kovuta kunena nthawi yomweyo kuti izi zachitika chifukwa cha Covid-19. Pakhoza kukhala zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Matenda a mucormycosis ndi matenda osowa kwambiri . Amakhudza munthu m'modzi kapena awiri pa anthu miliyoni chaka chilichonse. Koma ngati muli ndi matenda enaake omwe amafooketsa chitetezo chamthupi chanu, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga komanso A1C yokwera ayenera kusamala kwambiri.

Kusamalira matenda anu omwe amayambitsa matendawa ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yokhalira ndi thanzi labwino. Koma lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zina zochepetsera chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda. Iye akhoza kukambirana nanu nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo ndikukuuzani zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kuziyang'anira.

Iyi si matenda omwe amakhudza aliyense. Komabe, ngati muli ndi matenda omwe amafooketsa chitetezo chanu cha mthupi, monga matenda a shuga, samalani kwambiri. Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za mucormycosis, pitani kuchipatala chadzidzidzi cha chipatala chapafupi nthawi yomweyo. Chifukwa chithandizo chachangu chingapulumutse miyoyo!

mucormycosis , bowa wakuda, matenda a bowa, matenda a shuga, chitetezo chamthupi, sinus, mapapo, khungu, ubongo, bowa