Kodi muli ndi mavuto amenewa m'mapapo mwanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za Pulmonary Sarcoidosis

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva kusowa mpweya, kapena muli ndi chifuwa chosatha chomwe chimakhala kwa masiku ambiri? Mwina mumamva kutopa popanda chifukwa, limodzi ndi kupweteka pachifuwa. Izi zitha kukhala zoposa kutopa wamba. Lero tikambirana za vuto lomwe mwina simunamvepo, koma ndilofunika kwambiri kulidziwa. Ilo ndi pulmonary sarcoidosis.

Kodi Pulmonary Sarcoidosis ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, sarcoidosis ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa kutupa , kapena kutupa, m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi lathu. Chomwe chimachitika pamenepa ndichakuti maselo a chitetezo chamthupi chathu amasonkhana ndikupanga ziphuphu zazing'ono. Malinga ndi madokotala, timatcha ziphuphuzi kuti granulomas . Kunena zoona, izi zitha kukhala zazing'ono ngati njere ya mpunga kapena zazikulu pang'ono.

Tsopano, Pulmonary Sarcoidosis ndi pamene vutoli limakhudza makamaka mapapo athu . Koma silimangokhudza mapapo okha. Nthawi zina lingakhudze khungu, maso, ma lymph nodes, mtima, kapena chiwalo china chilichonse m'thupi. Nthawi zambiri, vutoli la pulmonary sarcoidosis limadzichiritsa lokha. Koma nthawi zina, kutupa kosalekeza kumeneku kungayambitse zipsera zosatha m'mapapo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti tonsefe tidziwe za vutoli.

Kodi iyi ndi khansa?

Anthu ambiri, akamva dzina lakuti "sarcoidosis", makamaka akamva "ziphuphu" zomwe zimapangika, angaganize kuti, "O, sindikudziwa ngati iyi ndi khansa." Ayi, kuti tidziwe bwino, sarcoidosis si khansa. Ndi vuto losiyana kwambiri. Komabe, maphunziro ena azachipatala apeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi sarcoidosis akhoza kukhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga mitundu ina ya khansa mtsogolo kuposa ena. Koma muyenera kukumbukira kuti matenda awiriwa si ofanana.

Kodi zizindikiro za pulmonary sarcoidosis ndi ziti?

Kumbukirani, si aliyense amene ali ndi vutoli, koma sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala nalo popanda zizindikiro zilizonse. Komabe, ngati mukupitirizabe kukumana ndi zinthu izi, muyenera kuda nkhawa pang'ono:

• Mungathe kumva kupweteka pachifuwa . Kungamveke ngati kukungika pakati pa chifuwa chanu, kapena kungamve kupweteka mukapuma.
• Mungakhale ndi chifuwa chouma chomwe sichimachepa ngakhale mutamwa mankhwala ambiri a chifuwa.
• Mungamve kutopa , kutopa, kumva ngati simuli bwino, kapena kufooka . Zili ngati kutentha thupi, ndipo thupi lanu limamva kulemera.
• Kuvuta kupuma (kupuma movutikira), zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mukumva kupuma movutikira, ngati kuti mukuvutika kupuma. Mutha kukomokanso mutayenda mtunda waufupi.
• Nthawi zina mungamve phokoso la mluzu kuchokera pachifuwa chanu mukamapuma .

Kuwonjezera pa zinthu izi, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a m'mapapo otchedwa pulmonary sarcoidosis amavutika ndi kuvutika maganizo . N'zosadabwitsa kuti matenda osatha ngati amenewa akamasokoneza moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, ntchito, komanso kuyanjana ndi anthu, zimakhala zovuta.

Kodi chifukwa chake ndi chiyani?

Ndipotu, madokotala ndi asayansi sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a pulmonary sarcoidosis. Ndi zovuta pang'ono. Nthawi zina, matendawa amapezeka m'mabanja, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pakhoza kukhala kulumikizana kwa majini . Nthawi zina, amaganiziridwa kuti amayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zachilengedwe, monga mabakiteriya ena, mavairasi, fumbi, kapena kukhala ndi mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali . Zingakhalenso zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala ena . Ofufuza akuphunzirabe izi kuti adziwe zomwe zimachitika.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji? Ndani amene ali ndi mwayi waukulu wolitenga?

Ngakhale kuti palibe ziwerengero zenizeni pa nkhaniyi ku Sri Lanka, tikayang'ana mayiko ena padziko lapansi, mwachitsanzo m'maiko ngati United States of America, akuti anthu pafupifupi 1.5 mpaka 200,000 ali ndi vutoli la sarcoidosis. Pa avareji, pomwe anthu pafupifupi 11 mwa anthu 100,000 aliwonse oyera amakhala ndi vutoli, mwa anthu ochokera ku Africa chiwerengerochi chimawonjezeka kufika pa 34 mwa anthu 100,000 aliwonse. Kawirikawiri, pali mwayi wa 2.4 peresenti wa munthu amene ali ndi vutoli.

Sarcoidosis nthawi zambiri imakhudza mapapo poyamba.

Matenda a m'mapapo otchedwa Pulmonary Sarcoidosis angakhudze aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za jenda, zaka, kapena mtundu. Komabe, anthu otsatirawa apezeka kuti ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa:

• Anthu ochokera ku Africa kapena Northern Europe (monga mayiko monga Denmark, Norway, Sweden).
• Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito m'malo omwe ali ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, nkhungu, fumbi, kapena zinthu zina zomwe zingayambitse kutupa.
• Anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala enaake kwa nthawi yayitali. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ena ochizira matenda a HIV, mankhwala oletsa khansa, kapena mankhwala omwe amapangitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso.
• Ngati wina m'banja mwanu adadwalapo pulmonary sarcoidosis kale, zikutanthauza kuti pakhoza kukhala chifukwa cha majini.
• Azimayi nawonso amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha vutoli kuposa amuna.

Kodi mumazindikira bwanji izi?

Ngati dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti sarcoidosis ya m'mapapo imayambitsidwa ndi zizindikiro zanu kapena mayeso ena, akhoza kuyitanitsa mayeso angapo, monga:

• X-ray ya pachifuwa: Iyi ndi mayeso oyamba akuluakulu omwe amachitika. Angathe kuwona ngati pali vuto m'mapapo komanso kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes.
• Kujambula kwa CT: Kujambula kwa CT kumatha kupanga zithunzi zomveka bwino komanso zowonekera bwino kuposa X-ray. Izi zimathandiza kuwona momwe mapapo alili mwatsatanetsatane.
• Kuyesa kwa ntchito ya mapapo: Izi zimaphatikizapo kukupangitsani kuti mupumire mu makina kuti muyese momwe mapapu anu akugwirira ntchito, kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe mungalowe ndi kutuluka, komanso momwe mungayamwitsire mpweya m'magazi anu (monga kuyesa kufalikira kwa mpweya) .
• Kufufuza za matenda a m'mapapo: Iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yotsimikizira matendawa. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga kachidutswa kakang'ono ka minofu kuchokera m'mapapo kapena lymph node yotupa ndikukayang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti muwone ngati pali granulomas. Chitsanzo cha minofuchi chingapezeke kudzera mu njira yotchedwa bronchoscopy (chubu chopyapyala chokhala ndi kamera yoyikidwa m'njira zopumira).
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Yang'anani zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa kutupa, kuchuluka kwa calcium, kugwira ntchito kwa impso ndi chiwindi, ndi zina zotero. Nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) kumayesedwa, chifukwa izi zimatha kukwera mu sarcoidosis.
• Ngati kuli kofunikira, ma scan ena apadera monga MRI kapena positron emission tomography (PET) angachitikenso.

Kodi magawo a Pulmonary Sarcoidosis ndi ati?

Kutengera ndi zotsatira za mayeso anu, makamaka zomwe mukuwona pa X-ray pachifuwa chanu, ndi zizindikiro zanu, dokotala wanu angakuuzeni gawo la matendawa. Magawo awa amayambira pa kusawonetsa zizindikiro mpaka kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mapapo:

• Gawo 0: X-ray ya pachifuwa ndi yabwinobwino. Palibe zizindikiro za granulomas. Zizindikiro nazonso sizingakhalepo.
• Gawo Loyamba: Ma lymph nodes a hilar mbali zonse ziwiri za chifuwa amatupa, koma palibe kuwonongeka kooneka kwa minofu ya mapapo. Nthawi zambiri, zizindikiro sizingakhalepo.
• Gawo Lachiwiri: Ma lymph nodes amatupa, ndipo pali zizindikiro za granulomas m'minofu ya mapapo. Anthuwa akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro.
• Gawo Lachitatu: Ma granulomas afalikira m'mafupa onse a mapapo, koma kutupa m'maselo a lymph kungachepe kapena kusakhalapo.
• Gawo Lachinayi: Iyi ndi gawo loopsa kwambiri. Matenda a m'mapapo otchedwa pulmonary sarcoidosis amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu ya m'mapapo.Zilonda zosatha komanso zosasinthika, zomwe zimatchedwa pulmonary fibrosis, zimachitika. Izi zimasokoneza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a mapapo.

Kumbukirani, magawo awa nthawi zina samagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kuopsa kwa matendawa. Anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoopsa ngakhale pa gawo loyamba.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Pali nkhani yabwino! Si aliyense amene ali ndi matenda a pulmonary sarcoidosis amene amafunika chithandizo. Nthawi zambiri, makamaka pa gawo loyamba, matendawa amachira mwadzidzidzi popanda chithandizo chilichonse . Dokotala wanu amangokuyang'anirani kwakanthawi.

Komabe, ngati zizindikiro zanu zili zazikulu, ngati mapapu anu akhudzidwa, kapena ngati zakhudza chiwalo chofunikira monga maso kapena mtima wanu, chithandizo chikufunika.

• Mankhwala akuluakulu omwe amaperekedwa ndi prednisone . Uwu ndi mtundu wa corticosteroid . Umagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa m'thupi komanso kugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso kwa chitetezo cha mthupi. Komabe, chifukwa mankhwalawa angayambitse zotsatirapo zina monga kunenepa kwambiri, chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda a shuga, komanso kuwonda mafupa akagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, dokotala adzawapereka mu mlingo wotsika kwambiri komanso kwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri.
• Kwa anthu omwe akuvutika kupirira prednisone, kapena omwe akufunika chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali, madokotala angakulangizeni mankhwala ena monga:
• Mankhwala oletsa chitetezo chamthupi, monga methotrexate ndi azathioprine .
• Mankhwala oletsa kutupa kwa tumor necrosis factor (TNF), monga infliximab kapena adalimumab . Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda monga nyamakazi.
• Nthawi zina mankhwala oletsa malungo monga hydroxychloroquine amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a pakhungu ndi mafupa.

Kawirikawiri, pazochitika zoopsa (gawo lachinayi) pomwe mapapo awonongeka kwamuyaya ndipo kupuma kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, zotsatirazi zingafunike:

• Kubwezeretsa mapapo: Mapulogalamu apadera olimbitsa thupi ndi uphungu.
• Mpweya wowonjezera .
• Pomaliza, opaleshoni yoika mapapo .

Kodi izi zingapewedwe?

Mwatsoka, asayansi sakumvetsabe bwino chomwe chimayambitsa pulmonary sarcoidosis, kotero palibe njira yotsimikizika yopewera izi. Komabe, milandu ina yagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukhudzana ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo, fumbi, ndi nkhungu.Kupewa zinthu zotere momwe mungathere komanso kukhala pamalo abwino kungathandize kuti mapapu anu akhale athanzi. Komanso, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupewa kusuta fodya kotheratu.

Kodi izi zikuika moyo pachiswe? Kodi zingachitikenso?

Matenda ambiri a m'mapapo otchedwa pulmonary sarcoidosis, makamaka ngati zizindikiro zake ndi zochepa, zimachepa mwadzidzidzi . Matenda ena amatha kwathunthu ndi chithandizo cha kanthawi kochepa. Matenda oterewa sali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Komabe, ngati vutoli lipitirira kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo silikuchira bwino ndi chithandizo, mabala osatha (fibrosis) m'mapapo amatha kuchitika. Ngati izi zitachitika, zimatha kuchepetsa kugwira ntchito kwa mapapo, kuwonjezera mavuto opuma, komanso nthawi zina kuchepetsa nthawi ya moyo wa munthu.

Anthu ena amatha kuchira kwamuyaya, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti matendawa atha kwathunthu ndipo sabwereranso.

Komabe, sarcoidosis ya m'mapapo imatha kubwereranso ngakhale mutachira kapena mutalandira chithandizo chabwino . Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa 'flare-up'. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale matendawa akuchepa, ndikofunikira kupitiliza kupita kukayezetsa monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.

Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe angayambitse matenda a pulmonary sarcoidosis?

Ngati ma granuloma omwe tidalankhula kale sachira bwino ndipo akupitilizabe, angayambitse mavuto monga:

• Matenda a m'mapapo: Ichi ndi vuto lalikulu komanso loopsa kwambiri. Minofu ya m'mapapo imapsa ndipo mapapo amauma. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma ndipo zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mapapo.
• Matenda a m'mapapo: Uwu ndi mkhalidwe umene njira za mpweya (bronchi) m'njira zopumira zimakula ndi kuwonongeka kosatha. Izi zingayambitse kusungunuka kwa mamina ndi matenda opatsirana m'mapapo pafupipafupi.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo: Uku ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita ku mapapo. Izi zingakhudzenso mtima.
• Mavuto a maso: Ngati sarcoidosis ikhudza maso, matenda monga uveitis amatha kuchitika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asaone bwino komanso asamaone bwino.
• Matenda a mtima: Nthawi zambiri, amatha kukhudza mtima, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda monga kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika komanso kulephera kwa mtima.
• Zotsatira pa impso: Kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi kungayambitse kupanga miyala ya impso ndi kusokoneza ntchito ya impso.
• Matenda a m'mapapo otsiriza: Iyi ndi gawo lomaliza la matenda a m'mapapo. Pachifukwa ichi, mapapu anu sathanso kuchotsa mpweya woipa m'thupi lanu kapena kupereka mpweya wokwanira m'thupi lanu.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji ngati munthu amene ali ndi matenda a Pulmonary Sarcoidosis?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a Pulmonary Sarcoidosis, musachite mantha. Malangizo awa angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi vutoli, kuchira, ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi:

• Pewani zinthu zomwe zingawononge mapapo anu. Dzitetezeni ku zinthu monga fumbi, mankhwala, utsi wa utoto, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndi nkhungu. Musasute konse. Musakhale pamalo omwe anthu ena amasuta (utsi wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ena).
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa thanzi. Idyani ndiwo zamasamba zambiri, zipatso, nsomba zoyera, ndi tirigu wonse. Chepetsani zakudya zokonzedwa kale, shuga, ndi zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi ati omwe ali oyenera kwa inu ndipo muwachite. Zinthu monga kuyenda ndi kusambira ndi zabwino.
• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera. Kunenepa kwambiri kungakulitse chiopsezo chanu chovutika kupuma.
• Onetsetsani kuti mwapita ku mayeso onse okonzedwa komanso nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala wanu pa nthawi yake. Musalumphe mayeso a magazi, mayeso a mapapo, kapena X-ray.
• Imwani mankhwala onse omwe mwapatsidwa monga momwe dokotala wanu wakuuzani, panthawi yake komanso nthawi yonse yomwe mwapatsidwa. Musasiye kumwa mankhwalawo kapena kusintha mlingo wanu nokha.
• Samalirani thanzi lanu la maganizo. Kukhala ndi matenda ngati amenewa kungakhale kovuta. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu, banja lanu, ndi anzanu za momwe mukumvera. Pezani thandizo la maganizo ngati pakufunika kutero.
• Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zatsopano kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu zikukulirakulira, makamaka kusintha kwa kapumidwe, kupweteka pachifuwa, kapena chifuwa chachikulu, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi ndiyenera kupeza upangiri wa dokotala liti?

Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kudziwa bwino komanso zomwe mungachite ngati zitachitika. Zizindikirozi zimatha kusiyana malinga ndi komwe sarcoidosis ili. Ngati muli ndi pulmonary sarcoidosis, muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo ngati mwasintha mwadzidzidzi kupuma kwanu, kupweteka pachifuwa, kupuma movutikira, kapena kutuluka magazi. Komanso, onani dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi malungo, kupweteka kwa thupi, kapena chifuwa chosatha chomwe chimakhalapo kwa masiku angapo.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, kotero pulmonary sarcoidosis yomwe takambirana lero ndi matenda osadziwika bwino omwe amayambitsa kutupa ndi ziphuphu zazing'ono zotchedwa granulomas m'mapapo. Kwa anthu ambiri, zimatha zokha, kapena zimakhala bwino ndi chithandizo cha kanthawi kochepa. Choncho musachite mantha kapena kuda nkhawa ndi izi.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga chifuwa chosatha, kupuma movutikira, kapena kupweteka pachifuwa, musamangonyalanyaza ndikupita kwa dokotala kuti akakufufuzeni. Kuzindikira msanga ndi chithandizo choyenera ndikofunikira kwambiri pa matenda amtundu uwu. Kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu, kumwa mankhwala anu moyenera, komanso kupita kukayezetsa nthawi zonse kudzakuthandizani kwambiri. Musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kapena abale anu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo. Khalani ndi chiyembekezo, khalani athanzi!

Sarcoidosis ya m'mapapo, Sarcoidosis, Granulomas, Matenda a m'mapapo, Kupuma movutikira, Chifuwa, Kutupa, Pulmonary Fibrosis