Zinthu zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza katemera wa RhO [D] Antibody Vaccine (RhO [D] Immune Globulin)!

Ngati mtundu wa magazi anu uli `Rh` negative` ndipo mtundu wa magazi a mwana wanu wosabadwa uli `Rh` positive`, kapena ngati mungafunike kuikidwa magazi `Rh` positive`, dokotala wanu angakuuzeni za mankhwala apadera, katemera. Umenewo ndi katemera wotchedwa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin`. Ngakhale dzinali ndi lovuta pang'ono, uwu ndi mankhwala ofunikira kwambiri. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane , mwachidule, sichoncho?

Kodi RhO [D] Immune Globulin iyi ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, iyi ndi katemera wokhala ndi mtundu wapadera wa ma antibodies. Ma antibodies amenewa amapangidwa kuti agwire ntchito motsutsana ndi antigen yotchedwa RhO [D]. Taganizirani izi ngati chitetezo cha thupi lathu. Koma chomwe chimachitika apa ndi chakuti ma antibodies omwe amaperekedwa kuchokera kunja amaletsa thupi lathu kupanga ma antibodies ena owopsa. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa kuti ateteze anthu omwe alibe Rh kuti asazindikire maselo amagazi a Rh positive.

Kodi katemerayu amafunika liti?

Katemera uyu ndi wofunikira kwambiri pazochitika zingapo zazikulu.

1. Mayi wopanda Rh ndi mwana wopanda Rh

Katemerayu ndi amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Tangoganizirani, mtundu wa magazi a mayi ndi `Rh` negative. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselo ofiira a mayi alibe `Rh` yapadera. Koma mtundu wa magazi a mwana m'mimba ndi `Rh` positive. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maselo ofiira a mwana ali ndi `Rh` protein.

Pa nthawi yobereka, kutaya mimba, kapena pazifukwa zina panthawi ya mimba (mwachitsanzo, panthawi yoyezetsa magazi monga amniocentesis), maselo ena a magazi a mwana omwe ali ndi Rh-positive amatha kulowa m'magazi a mayi omwe ali ndi Rh-negative. Chomwe chimachitika ndichakuti thupi la mayi limazindikira maselo a Rh-positive a mwana awa ngati "achilendo" ndipo limayamba kupanga ma antibodies (anti-RhD antibodies) motsutsana nawo. Izi zimatchedwa Rh sensitization.

Izi nthawi zambiri sizimakhudza kwambiri mwana woyamba wa `Rh` positive. Chifukwa panthawi yomwe ma antibodies amenewo amapangidwa, mwana amatha kubadwa. Komabe, vuto limakhala pa mimba yotsatira. Ngati mayi abereka mwana wina wa `Rh` positive, ma antibodies omwe adapangidwa kale amadutsa mu placenta ndikuyamba kuwononga maselo ofiira a mwana watsopano. Izi zingayambitse kuchepa kwa magazi, jaundice, komanso nthawi zina zoopsa, ngakhale imfa mwa mwana. Pofuna kupewa vutoli, amayi a `Rh` opanda Rh` amapatsidwa katemera wa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin` panthawi ya mimba (pafupifupi milungu 28) komanso atabereka (ngati mwana ali ndi `Rh` positive). Katemerayu amaletsa thupi la mayi kupanga ma antibodies oopsa amenewo.

2. Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)

Uwu ndi vuto lina lapadera. Mwachidule, `ITP` ndi matenda omwe ma platelet (maselo omwe amathandiza kuletsa kutuluka magazi ndi kutseka magazi) m'magazi athu amachepa popanda chifukwa. Pankhaniyi, katemera wa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin` uyu amathandiza kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma platelet mwa odwala ena a `Rh` positive `(ITP)`. Komabe, izi siziperekedwa kwa wodwala aliyense wa `ITP`, zimasankhidwa ndi dokotala.

3. Ngati munthu amene ali ndi Rh negative wapatsidwa magazi a Rh positive

Nthawi zina, ngati munthu wopanda `Rh` alandira magazi a `Rh` (monga mwangozi, mwangozi), thupi la munthuyo likhoza kuyamba kupanga ma antibodies motsutsana ndi maselo a `Rh` positive, monga tafotokozera kale. Katemerayu amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popewa zimenezo.

Kuwonjezera pa zifukwa zazikuluzi, katemerayu angagwiritsidwenso ntchito pazochitika zina zachipatala. Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza izi, ndi bwino kufunsa dokotala wanu kapena wamankhwala.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanalandire katemerayu?

Musanapatsidwe katemera wa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin`, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti gulu lachipatala lidziwitsidwe za mfundo zofunika zokhudza thanzi lanu. Chifukwa mfundo zimenezo zidzatsimikizira ngati mankhwalawa ndi oyenera kwa inu kapena ayi, komanso momwe ayenera kuperekedwera. Zinthu zotsatirazi ndi zomwe ziyenera kunenedwa:

• Ngati muli ndi matenda otaya magazi (monga hemophilia).
• Ngati mayeso azachipatala atsimikizira kuti thupi lanu lili ndi milingo yochepa ya antibody immunoglobulin A (Immunoglobulin A kapena IgA) .
• Ngati mulibe ndulu (mwachitsanzo, ngati idachotsedwa opaleshoni).
• Ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto la allergic reaction chifukwa cha human immune globulin , mankhwala ena aliwonse, chakudya, utoto, kapena zotetezera, ngakhale zitakhala zazing'ono, chonde tiuzeni.
• Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukufuna kutenga mimba panopa.
• Ngati ndinu mayi woyamwitsa .

Zinthu izi zikanenedwa bwino, dokotala akhoza kukuthandizani mosamala.

Kodi katemera uyu adzaperekedwa bwanji kwa inu?

Mankhwalawa, otchedwa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin`, amaperekedwa ngati jakisoni. Angaperekedwe ngati `jakisoni wa m'mimba` (mwachitsanzo, m'dzanja kapena m'matako) kapena mwachindunji m'mitsempha (jakisoni wa m'mitsempha) . Momwe amaperekedwera zimatengera matenda anu ndi dzina la mankhwalawo.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti katemerayu amaperekedwa ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito zachipatala, kuchipatala kapena ku chipatala . Simudzaloledwa kupita naye kunyumba kukatenga.

Kodi mumapereka izi kwa ana?

Monga tafotokozera m'nkhaniyi, mankhwalawa sakuvomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kwa ana, choncho muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za momwe angagwiritsire ntchito pa mwana wamng'ono.

Nanga bwanji ngati nditamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo? (Kumwa mankhwala ochulukirapo)

Ngati mukuganiza kapena mukuganiza kuti mwamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo, imbani nthawi yomweyo ku malo oletsa poizoni kapena kuchipatala kuti mudziwe zambiri.

Izi ndi zanu zokha!

Mankhwalawa aperekedwa kwa inu nokha. Musagawane ndi wina aliyense, ngakhale atakhala ndi zizindikiro zomwezo monga inu.

Kodi ndingatani ngati ndaphonya tsiku lomwe lakonzedwa kuti ndilandire katemera?

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumwa katemerayu pa nthawi yake, makamaka kwa amayi apakati. Ngati mwaphonya mlingo, musachite mantha ndipo imbani dokotala wanu kapena katswiri wa zaumoyo nthawi yomweyo. Adzakuuzani choti muchite kenako.

Ndi zinthu zina ziti zomwe zingayambitse kuyanjana ndi katemerayu?

Mankhwala ena angakhudze momwe katemera wa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin` amagwirira ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamene awiriwa atengedwa pamodzi, zotsatira za chimodzi zingachepe, ziwonjezeke, kapena pangakhale zotsatirapo zina.

• Katemera wa kachilombo ka moyo: Ichi ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe muyenera kuda nkhawa nacho. `RhO [D] Immune Globulin` iyi ikhoza kukhudzana ndi katemera wokhala ndi kachilombo ka moyo monga chikuku, mumps, ndi rubella. Chifukwa chake, mutalandira katemera wa `RhO [D]` uyu, nthawi zambiri sikoyenera kulandira katemera wa kachilombo ka moyo kwa miyezi pafupifupi itatu. Ngati mukuyenera kulandira katemera wotere, uzani dokotala wanu kuti mwalandira katemera wa `RhO [D]` uyu.

Mndandandawu sukuphatikizapo zinthu zonse zomwe zingachitike. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa (omwe amalembedwa ndi dokotala, omwe amagulitsidwa pamtengo wotsika, omwe amagulitsidwa ndi mankhwala ochokera ku zitsamba, mavitamini, ndi zowonjezera zakudya). Komanso, uzani dokotala wanu ngati mumasuta fodya, mumamwa mowa, kapena mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Zinthu zomwe muyenera kusamala nazo kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito katemerayu:

Pali zinthu zina zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza katemerayu.

Yopangidwa kuchokera ku magazi a munthu

"Katemera wa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin` uyu wapangidwa kuchokera ku plasma ya magazi a anthu . Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kuti ndi osowa kwambiri , pakhoza kukhala chiopsezo chofalitsa matenda ena (monga mavairasi) kudzera mu izi. Komabe, musadandaule za izi. Chifukwa opereka magazi ndi zigawo zamagazi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwalawa amayesedwa mwamphamvu kwambiri. Komanso, njira zosiyanasiyana zimatengedwa panthawi yopanga kuti achotse ndikuletsa mavairasi. Chifukwa chake, chiopsezo chofalitsa matenda ndi chochepa kwambiri."Komabe, chonde kambiranani izi ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe zambiri, kuphatikizapo zoopsa ndi ubwino wake."

Kusagwirizana ndi katemera wa kachilombo kamoyo

Monga tanenera kale, ngati mukukonzekera kulandira katemera wa kachilombo kamoyo (monga katemera wa MMR) mkati mwa miyezi itatu ikubwerayi mutalandira katemera wa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin`, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ma antibodies omwe ali mu `RhO [D] Immune Globulin` amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi mavairasi omwe ali mu katemerayo ndikukulepheretsani kupeza chitetezo chokwanira chomwe mukufuna kuchokera ku katemerayo.

Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani chifukwa chotenga katemerayu?

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, katemera wa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin` uyu angayambitse mavuto ena mwa anthu ena. Komabe, izi sizichitika kwa aliyense. Anthu ena sangakhale ndi mavuto aliwonse.

Zotsatirapo zomwe muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo:

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa zimatha kukhala zoopsa.

• Zizindikiro za ziwengo `(mayankho a ziwengo)`:
• Ziphuphu pakhungu zimaoneka ngati eczema, ndipo zimayabwa thupi lonse.
• Madontho ofanana ndi udzu amawoneka.
• Kutupa kwa nkhope, milomo, lilime kapena pakhosi (izi zingayambitse kupuma movutikira).
• Ngati mukuvutika kupuma , kupuma movutikira, kapena mukumva kupuma movutikira.
• Ngati mukumva kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kupsinjika , kapena ngati mtima wanu ukumva ngati ukugunda mofulumira.
• Ngati maso kapena khungu lanu likhala lachikasu (jaundice) kapena mkodzo wanu utakhala wakuda (izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi).
• Mutu waukulu mwadzidzidzi, kusanza, kuuma khosi, kukhudzidwa ndi kuwala (izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda monga meningitis, koma sizimachitika kawirikawiri).
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono, kukomoka.

Zotsatirapo zomwe nthawi zambiri sizifuna chithandizo chamankhwala, koma ziyenera kufotokozedwa kwa dokotala ngati zikupitirira kapena zikuvutitsa:

Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha pasanathe tsiku limodzi kapena awiri, koma ngati zikupitirira kapena kukupangitsani kusasangalala, uzani dokotala wanu .

• Malungo (mwina ndi kuzizira pang'ono).
• Ululu, kufiira, kutupa, kapena kuuma pamalo omwe jakisoni amaperekedwa .
• Mutu (wofatsa).
• Kupweteka thupi, kupweteka kwa minofu .
• Kumva kutopa, kutopa .

Mndandanda uwu si zotsatirapo zonse zomwe zingatheke. Ngati muwona china chake chachilendo kapena chatsopano, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu. Ku United States, mutha kunena za zotsatirapo zake ku FDA (Food and Drug Administration) pa 1-800-FDA-1088.

Kodi ndimasunga bwanji mankhwalawa?

Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe simuyenera kuda nkhawa nacho. Chifukwa katemera wa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin` amaperekedwa kwa inu kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala, simukuyenera kupita nacho kunyumba kapena kuchisunga. Chidzasungidwa kutentha koyenera ndikusamalidwa bwino ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala.

Pomaliza, zinthu zofunika kukumbukira

Chabwino, ndikukhulupirira kuti tsopano mwamvetsa bwino katemera wa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin` womwe tidakambirana. Ngakhale izi zingawoneke ngati nkhani yovuta, ndizosavuta mukamvetsetsa kufunika kwake. Tiyeni tiwonenso mfundo zazikulu zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira:

• Katemera uyu ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yotetezera, makamaka kwa amayi omwe alibe Rh omwe akuyembekezera mwana yemwe ali ndi Rh, kuti apewe mavuto aakulu pa mimba zamtsogolo.
• Katemerayu ndi wothandiza pa matenda ena monga `Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)` komanso pakakhala kuti magazi a `Rh` sakugwirizana ndi magazi.
• Onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za matenda ena aliwonse omwe muli nawo, mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa (omwe amalembedwa ndi dokotala, omwe amaperekedwa kwa dokotala, achikhalidwe, a Ayurvedic, a homeopathic), ndi ziwengo zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo musanalandire katemera .
• Ngakhale kuti katemerayu wapangidwa kuchokera ku zigawo za magazi a anthu, njira zonse zofunika zodzitetezera zatengedwa kuti zichepetse chiopsezo chofalitsa matenda. Choncho musachite mantha mosayenera. Komabe, ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi kuti mudziwe zambiri.
• Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zilizonse zoyipa, makamaka zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe takambirana kale, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
• Popeza mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kuchipatala kapena ku chipatala, simuyenera kuda nkhawa kuti muwasunge kunyumba.

Nkhaniyi ndi chidule chabe cha katemera wa `RhO [D] Immune Globulin`. Mulibe mfundo zonse. Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi mankhwalawa, chonde musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu, wamankhwala kapena wothandizira zaumoyo wina. Chofunika kwambiri ndikudziwa za thanzi lanu!

` RhO [D] Immune Globulin, Katemera wa Anti-D, Rh negative, Rh positive, mimba, kuikidwa magazi, ITP