Kodi mwana wanu wayamba kutupa kwachilendo? Tiyeni tikambirane za Rhabdomyosarcoma

Ndizachilendo kumva mantha kwambiri mukaona chinthu chachilendo, monga chotupa kapena kutupa, pathupi lanu kapena pathupi la mwana wanu. Nthawi ngati zimenezi, timaganizira zinthu zambiri. Lero tikambirana za mtundu wa khansa womwe ungakhale wotere, koma ndi wosowa pang'ono. Imeneyo ndi rhabdomyosarcoma. Ngakhale dzinalo lingamveke lovuta pang'ono mukalimva, tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule.

Kodi Rhabdomyosarcoma ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, rhabdomyosarcoma ndi mtundu wa khansa yomwe imayamba m'maselo ofewa a thupi lathu. Nthawi zambiri imakhudza minofu yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi mafupa athu (otchedwa minofu ya mafupa). Imapezeka kwambiri mwa ana ndi achinyamata , komanso imathanso kukhudza akuluakulu. Akuti anthu pakati pa 400 ndi 500 ku United States amapezeka ndi vutoli chaka chilichonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi khansa yosowa kwambiri . Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya rhabdomyosarcoma. Mitundu ina ndi yoopsa kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti imafalikira mwachangu ndipo ndi yovuta kuchiza. Ndi chithandizo chabwino, nthawi zina matendawa amatha kwathunthu (otchedwa relieve). Komabe, nthawi zina khansa imatha kubwerera (yotchedwa recurrence ya khansa).

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya matendawa ndi iti?

Pali mitundu ikuluikulu ingapo ya matenda a rhabdomyosarcoma. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

1. Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma `(Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma)`

Mtundu uwu ndi wofala kwambiri . Umapezeka mwa ana osati akuluakulu. Nthawi zambiri umapezeka m'malo ozungulira mutu ndi khosi. Mwachitsanzo, m'ma nembanemba omwe amaphimba ubongo ndi malo olowera m'maso (komwe diso limalowa). Palinso mitundu ina. Ina imatha kumera m'ziwalo zopanda kanthu monga chikhodzodzo ndi nyini (yotchedwa ``Botryoid Rhabdomyosarcoma''). Mtundu wina ukhoza kumera mozungulira machende (mbewu) a mwana (yotchedwa ``Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma'').

2. Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma `(Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma)`

Mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umapezeka mwa ana okalamba ndi achinyamata, azaka zapakati pa 20 ndi 35. Umapezeka kwambiri m'manja, miyendo, kapena pathupi. Mtundu uwu wa alveolar ndi woopsa kwambiri ndipo umafalikira mofulumira . Umayamba kufalikira nthawi yomweyo ukangoyamba kukula.

3. Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma `(Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma)`

Mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umapezeka mwa akuluakulu azaka zopitirira 50. Ngakhale kuti ukhoza kufalikira kulikonse m'thupi, umapezeka kwambiri m'miyendo . Ungathenso kufalikira m'manja, pachifuwa, pamimba, ndi m'mbali zina za mutu ndi khosi.

Kodi zizindikiro za rhabdomyosarcoma ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za matendawa zimasiyana malinga ndi komwe khansa ili . Mwachitsanzo, ngati mwana ali ndi chotupa chonga ichi m'khutu mwake, akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro monga kupweteka kwa khutu ndi madzi akutuluka m'khutu. Ngati chotupa chikayamba kumbuyo kwa diso, diso likhoza kuoneka lotupa komanso lotupa. Nazi zitsanzo zina:

• Pankhani ya minofu m'dzanja kapena mwendo: chotupa kapena kutupa komwe kumayenderana ndi ululu.
• M'mimba (`(mimba)`): kupweteka m'mimba , kudzimbidwa, kusanza .
• Chikhodzodzo ndi njira ya mkodzo: Magazi mu mkodzo (`(Hematuria)`), kuvutika kukodza.
• Mphuno: Zizindikiro zofanana ndi kutuluka magazi m'mphuno (`(Epistaxis)`), matenda a sinus (`(Sinus Infection )`).
• Kumaliseche: Chinthu chonga chotupa chomwe chikutuluka m'maliseche a mwana.
• Matumbo a m'makonde : Chotupa chomwe chikukula mofulumira kuzungulira makonde a mwana.

Chofunika: Zizindikirozi nthawi zina zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda osaopsa kwambiri. Zinthu monga kutuluka magazi m'mphuno, kusanza, ndi ziphuphu m'thupi sizimachitika nthawi zonse chifukwa cha rhabdomyosarcoma. Komabe, ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi zizindikirozi, ngati zikupitirira kapena zikuoneka kuti zikuipiraipira, muyenera kuwona dokotala .

Kodi zimayambitsa matendawa ndi chiyani?

Rhabdomyosarcoma imayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini m'maselo athu a minofu (maselo a minofu osakhwima) omwe amachititsa kuti akhale khansa ndikugawikana mwachangu, ndikupanga zotupa. Kusintha kwina kwa majini, monga jini yosakanikirana ya PAX/FOX01, kungayambitse mitundu ina ya rhabdomyosarcoma. Komanso, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake obadwa nawo ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa. Zina mwa matendawa ndi monga:

• Matenda a Li-Fraumeni
• Matenda a Beckwith-Wiedemann
• Neurofibromatosis
• Matenda a Costello
• Matenda a mtima ndi khungu (Cardiofasciocutaneous syndrome)

Kodi rhabdomyosarcoma imapezeka bwanji?

Inu kapena mwana wanu mukapita kwa dokotala, choyamba adzakufunsani za zizindikiro zanu. Adzafunsanso ngati pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene ali ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa, chifukwa izi zingakupatseni lingaliro la chiopsezo chanu chotenga matendawa. Kenako adzakuyesani thupi kuti aone zizindikiro zilizonse za matendawa, monga ziphuphu ndi kutupa. Kuphatikiza apo, angachite mayeso otsatirawa kuti athandize kuzindikira vutoli:

• Kujambula kwa CT `(Kujambula kwa Computed Tomography (CT))` kapena Kujambula kwa MRI `(Kujambula kwa Magnetic Resonance (MRI)`
• Kujambula kwa PET `(Kujambula kwa Positron Emission Tomography (PET)`
• Kujambula mafupa
• Kuboola kwa msana (kuyesa komwe madzi ochepa amatengedwa kuchokera ku msana)
• Kufufuza za Mafupa a Bone Bone
• Kujambula (kutenga chidutswa chaching'ono cha minofu kuchokera ku chotupa kuti chikafufuzidwe)
• Mayeso apadera a minofu monga immunohistochemistry
• Mayeso a Cytology

Kodi izi zitha kuzindikirika ndi mayeso a magazi?

Ayi, palibe mayeso a magazi omwe angathandize kuzindikira rhabdomyosarcoma. Komabe, dokotala wanu wa khansa angalamule kuti ayese magazi pambuyo poti wapezeka ndi matendawa. Mwachitsanzo, magazi onse (CBC) angachitike kuti awone ngati matendawa afalikira ku mafupa. Mayeso a magazi amachitidwanso panthawi ya chithandizo kuti awone momwe thupi lanu likuyankhira chithandizocho.

Magulu Oopsa a Rhabdomyosarcoma

Ana akayamba kudwala rhabdomyosarcoma, madokotala a khansa amagawa matendawa m'magulu owopsa. Kugawika kumeneku kumadalira zinthu zitatu zazikulu: 1. Gawo la chotupa: Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa TNM Staging System kuti adziwe izi. T imatanthauza kukula ndi malo a chotupacho, N imatanthauza ngati khansa yafalikira ku ma lymph node, ndipo M imatanthauza ngati khansa yafalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi. 2. Gulu lachipatala: Izi zimatsimikiziridwa pambuyo pa biopsy kapena opaleshoni. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chotupacho chingachotsedwe kwathunthu ndi biopsy kapena opaleshoni, chimagawidwa ngati Gulu I. Magulu awa amayambira pa 1 mpaka 4. 3. Kusintha kwa majini: Ngati pali kusintha kwa majini a PAX/FOX01. Magulu owopsa awa amatchedwa chiopsezo chochepa, chiopsezo chapakati, ndi chiopsezo chachikulu . Gulu lachipatala la mwana wanu limagwiritsa ntchito gulu la chiopsezo ichi kukonzekera chithandizo, kuyerekeza mwayi woti khansayo ibwererenso pambuyo pa chithandizo, ndikusankha zomwe mungayembekezere pambuyo pa chithandizo (prognosis).

Njira yodziwira gulu la zoopsazi ndi yovuta pang'ono. Simungamvetse nthawi yomweyo zonse zomwe mwagwiritsa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, musazengereze kufunsa gulu lachipatala la mwana wanu kuti akufotokozereni . Adzasangalala kukufotokozerani zonse.

Kodi mankhwala a rhabdomyosarcoma ndi ati?

Njira zochiritsira zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa matenda. Popeza rhabdomyosarcoma ndi matenda osowa, ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi vutoli,Funsani gulu lanu lachipatala ngati mungathe kutenga nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala . Madokotala a khansa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira izi:

• Opaleshoni
• Chithandizo cha X-ray
• Chithandizo cha mankhwala a chemotherapy (chemotherapy)

Kodi rhabdomyosarcoma ingachiritsidwe kwathunthu?

Nthawi zina, inde, chithandizo chimatha kuchiza rhabdomyosarcoma . Izi zimatchedwa "kuchotsa" matendawa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zizindikiro zimatha ndipo palibe maselo a khansa omwe amapezeka pa mayeso. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa amakhala okhazikika, koma nthawi zina rhabdomyosarcoma imatha kubwereranso. Kawirikawiri, akuluakulu sakhala ndi mwayi wochira kwathunthu ku matendawa kuposa ana .

Kodi munthu amene ali ndi rhabdomyosarcoma amakhala ndi moyo wautali bwanji?

Palibe chiwerengero chenicheni cha nthawi yomwe munthu amene ali ndi rhabdomyosarcoma adzakhala ndi moyo. Komabe, ofufuza amatsatira kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi moyo zaka zisanu atapezeka ndi rhabdomyosarcoma. Kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka kumeneku kumadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa matenda, gulu la anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo, komanso ngati matendawa abwereranso atalandira chithandizo . Ponseponse, 70% ya ana omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi moyo zaka zisanu atapezeka ndi matendawa. Kwa akuluakulu, chiwerengero cha kupulumuka kwa zaka zisanu ndi pafupifupi 20%.

Kaya muli ndi vuto lotani, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akupulumuka matendawa ndi kuyerekezera kutengera zomwe ena adakumana nazo omwe adalandira chithandizo cha rhabdomyosarcoma. Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi vutoli, ndikwachibadwa kufuna kudziwa zomwe zidzachitike mtsogolo. Ngati ndi choncho, gulu lanu lachipatala ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri woti mulankhule naye za vutoli .

Kodi ndingasamalire bwanji mwana wanga komanso ine ndekha?

Khansa ikhoza kukhudza kwambiri moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku. Rhabdomyosarcoma ndi yosiyana. Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi vutoli, mungamve kupsinjika maganizo komanso kutopa kwambiri. Nazi malingaliro ena omwe angakuthandizeni panthawiyi:

• Ganizirani za Chisamaliro Chochepetsa Kupweteka: Zizindikiro ndi mankhwala a khansa zingakhale zovuta kuthana nazo. Chisamaliro chochepetsa kupsinjika ndi chithandizo chomwe chimathandiza kukonza moyo, kuyambira kuchepetsa zizindikiro mpaka kupereka chithandizo chamaganizo.
• Lankhulani ndi Katswiri wa Moyo wa Ana: Khansa ingasinthe moyo wa mwana. Ingamuchotsereni ku mabwenzi ndi zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku. Kukhala ndi khansa kungakhale kosungulumwa kwa mwana amene akukumana ndi zochitika zomwe anzake sangamvetse. Akatswiri a moyo wa ana ndi ogwira ntchito zachipatala ophunzitsidwa bwino omwe amathandiza ana kuthana ndi zochitika zachipatala.
• Pumulani pang'ono:Chithandizo cha khansa - ndi kusamalira mwana yemwe ali ndi khansa - chingakhale chotopetsa kwambiri. Ngati mukulandira chithandizo, yesetsani kupuma nthawi iliyonse yomwe mukufuna, osati nthawi yokha. Ngati mukusamalira mwana yemwe ali ndi rhabdomyosarcoma, funsani dokotala wanu za mapulogalamu ndi mautumiki osamalira odwala.
• Ganizirani za Kupulumuka Khansa: Rhabdomyosarcoma ikhoza kubwereranso mutalandira chithandizo. Ngati mukuda nkhawa kuti khansayo ibwereranso kwa inu kapena mwana wanu, funsani dokotala wanu za chithandizo cha khansa yomwe yapulumuka.

Kodi ndiyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanga wa oncologist liti?

Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mukulandira chithandizo, funsani dokotala wanu ngati zotsatirapo zake za mankhwalawa zili zoipa kuposa momwe mukuganizira . Kutengera ndi matenda anu, dokotala wanu mwina wakupatsani malangizo enieni okhudza zizindikiro zomwe zingasonyeze kuti rhabdomyosarcoma yanu ikufalikira kapena ikubwereranso. Musazengereze kulankhula nawo za nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Matenda a Rhabdomyosarcoma ndi matenda osowa kwambiri. Simungadziwe zambiri za matendawa. Kaya muli ndi matendawa kapena mwana wanu ali nawo, mungakhale ndi mafunso ambiri okhudza zomwe mungayembekezere mtsogolo. Nazi mafunso ena oti mufunse nthawi ngati izi:

• Kodi ine/mwana wanga muli ndi mtundu wanji wa rhabdomyosarcoma?
• Kodi gulu la anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndi lotani?
• Kodi mumalimbikitsa chithandizo chanji?
• Kodi zotsatirapo zake ndi ziti?
• Kodi pali mayesero aliwonse azachipatala omwe tingathe kutenga nawo mbali?
• Kodi matenda a mwana wanga angadzakhale bwanji?
• Ndi mautumiki ati othandizira omwe muli nawo omwe angatithandize?

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira

Rhabdomyosarcoma ndi mtundu wa khansa wosowa kwambiri . Akatswiri sakudziwabe chifukwa chake zimachitika. Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu ali ndi rhabdomyosarcoma, mungakhumudwe kuti simukudziwa chifukwa chake zinachitika. Gulu lanu lachipatala likumvetsa zimenezo. Ngakhale kuti sangathe kufotokoza chifukwa chake inu kapena mwana wanu ali ndi rhabdomyosarcoma, akhoza kufotokoza zinthu monga matenda, mankhwala omwe angatheke, komanso kuthekera kotenga nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala. Angakuthandizeninso kupeza zinthu monga magulu othandizira ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Musadandaule, simuli nokha. Rhabdomyosarcoma, khansa, khansa ya ana, khansa ya minofu yofewa, zizindikiro za khansa, mankhwala a khansa, matenda a majini