Zimakhala zoopsa pang'ono mukaziyang'ana pagalasi kapena wina akakuuzani kuti maso anu oyera ndi achikasu, sichoncho? Ndipotu, nthawi zambiri ichi chingakhale chizindikiro choyamba chakuti pali vuto ndi matupi athu, makamaka chiwindi. Choncho tiyeni tikambirane za chikasu cha maso, chomwe chimatchedwa `(Scleral Icterus)` m'mawu osavuta.
Kodi kwenikweni Scleral Icterus ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, `Scleral Icterus` ndi pamene gawo loyera la maso athu, ndiko kuti, gawo lomwe timatcha `(Sclera)`, limawoneka lachikasu. Koma pali china chake apa. Si sclera yokha yomwe imakhala yachikasu kwenikweni. Ndi gawo lomwe lili pamwamba pake, lomwe ndi nembanemba yopyapyala kwambiri, yowonekera bwino yotchedwa `(Conjunctiva).` Nembanemba iyi ikasanduka yachikasu, mtundu wachikasu umaonekera bwino chifukwa cha gawo loyera la sclera lomwe lili pansi pake.
Anthu ambiri amatchanso kuti `(Jaundice)`. Palibe cholakwika ndi zimenezo, koma mawu akuti `Jaundice` ndi otakata pang'ono. Amatanthauza chikasu cha maso komanso chikasu cha khungu. Komabe, `Scleral Icterus` ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza maso makamaka .
Nchifukwa chiyani maso athu amasanduka achikasu? Nkhani ya bilirubin
Chifukwa chachikulu cha mtundu wachikasu uwu ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala achikasu otchedwa bilirubin m'magazi mwathu. Matendawa timawatcha kuti ``Hyperbilirubinemia``.
Taganizirani izi, maselo ofiira m'thupi lathu nawonso amakhala ndi moyo wautali. Bilirubin imapangidwa maselo ofiira akalewa akawonongeka. Kawirikawiri, chomwe chiyenera kuchitika ndichakuti chiwindi chathu chimagwira ntchito ngati fyuluta, kusefa bilirubin yosafunikira iyi kuchokera m'magazi, kuiphatikiza ndi ndulu ndikuitsogolera ku njira yogaya chakudya. Pomaliza, bilirubin imeneyo imatulutsidwa m'thupi ndi ndowe.
Komabe, ngati bilirubin iyi singathe kuchotsedwa bwino m'magazi, kaya chifukwa cha vuto la chiwindi kapena chifukwa china, imayamba kusonkhana m'magazi. Kuchulukana kwa bilirubin kumeneku ndiko kumasintha maso ndi khungu kukhala lachikasu.
Chifukwa chomwe kusintha kwa mtundu m'maso kumaonekera koyamba ndichakuti bilirubin imayamwa mosavuta ndikuyikidwa mu minofu ya diso yotchedwa ``Conjunctiva.`` Chifukwa cha maziko oyera omwe ali pansi pake, ngakhale bilirubin yaying'ono imawoneka mosavuta kwa ife.
Kodi zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti bilirubin ikwere ndi ziti?
Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti milingo ya bilirubin ikwere ndipo maso angasinthe kukhala achikasu. Zina zimakhala zosavuta, koma zina zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kudziwa izi.
| Chifukwa | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Matenda okhudzana ndi chiwindi | Matenda monga kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi chifukwa cha mowa ( cirrhosis ), matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi (Hepatitis A, B, C), ndi matenda a chiwindi odziteteza ku matenda a autoimmune . |
| Matenda a ndulu ndi kapamba | Matenda monga miyala ya m'mimba , kutsekeka kwa ndulu, kapena kapamba . |
| Matenda | Leptospirosis , malungo a mavairasi monga dengue, matenda oopsa omwe amafalikira m'thupi lonse ( sepsis ), ndi matenda opatsirana (monga Schistosomiasis ). |
| Mankhwala ndi poizoni | Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena mopitirira muyeso (monga ma steroids, maantibayotiki ena) ndi mankhwala ochepetsa ululu monga Acetaminophen (Panadol). Zitsamba zina zachikhalidwe ndi poizoni monga mankhwala a agrochemicals nazonso zingakhale zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli. |
| Matenda a majini | Matenda obadwa nawo monga Matenda a Sickle Cell ndi Gilbert's Syndrome omwe amakhudza kagayidwe ka bilirubin. |
| Ziphuphu ndi zotupa | Kutsekeka kwa kutuluka kwa ndulu chifukwa cha zotupa zabwinobwino kapena za khansa m'chiwindi, ndulu, kapena madera ena ofanana. |
| Jaundice wa ana aang'ono | Popeza chiwindi cha mwana wakhanda sichinakule bwino, ndi zachilendo kuti maso ayambe chikasu m'masabata awiri oyambirira. Komabe, nthawi zina, izi zingakhale zoopsa. |
Kodi chimachiritsidwa bwanji?
Chofunika kwambiri kumvetsetsa apa ndichakuti 'Scleral Icterus' si matenda, koma chizindikiro . Chifukwa chake, chithandizochi si cha maso achikasu, koma ndi cha vuto lomwe linayambitsa.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati maso anu ali achikasu chifukwa cha miyala ya ndulu, mudzalandira chithandizo chochotsa miyalayo. Ngati ndi matenda a chiwindi, mudzalandira chithandizo cha zimenezo. Kuti mudziwe chomwe chikuyambitsa, dokotala wanu angachite mayeso a magazi, ma scan, ndi zina zotero. Choncho , ndi bwino kufunsa upangiri wa dokotala m'malo modzipatsa mankhwala.
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati munyalanyaza maso achikasu?
Kuoneka kwachikasu kwa maso sikoopsa pakokha. Koma ndi chizindikiro chochenjeza . Ngati sichinachiritsidwe, kuchuluka kwa bilirubin m'magazi kumatha kukwera kwambiri komanso kukhudza ubongo. Uwu ndi vuto loopsa kwambiri.
- Matendawa mwa makanda obadwa kumene amatchedwa ``Kernicterus'' ndipo angayambitse kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kosatha.
- Matendawa mwa akuluakulu amatchedwa ``Hepatic Encephalopathy'' ndipo angayambitse kulephera kukumbukira, kusokonezeka, komanso ngakhale kukomoka.
Zonsezi zimafuna chithandizo chamankhwala chadzidzidzi .
Nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala kapena kupita ku ETU nthawi yomweyo
Ngati mukuona kuti maso anu akusintha kukhala achikasu, konzani nthawi yoti mukaone dokotala mwamsanga. Komabe, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi pamodzi ndi maso anu achikasu, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Zadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala nthawi yomweyo.
| Zizindikiro zomwe zimafuna chisamaliro chachangu | |
|---|---|
| ⚫ Kupweteka m'mimba kwambiri kapena kosalekeza | ⚫ Malungo |
| ⚫ Kusanza kosalekeza | ⚫ Chizungulire kapena kutaya chidziwitso |
| ⚫ Kutupa m'mimba kapena kusunga madzi m'mimba | ⚫ Kusokonezeka, kugona tulo, kapena kuiwala zinthu |
Malangizo pang'ono
Nthawi zina mtundu wa magetsi omwe ali m'malo mwathu (monga mababu achikasu) ungapangitsenso maso athu kuoneka achikasu. Choncho ngati mukukayikira, pitani ku malo owala bwino komanso owala mwachilengedwe ndikuyang'ana pagalasi. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kutsimikiza za kusiyana kwa mitundu yeniyeni.
Kodi vutoli lingapewedwe?
Ngakhale kuti sizingatheke kupeweratu, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe tingachite kuti tichepetse chiopsezochi.
- Lamulirani mowa: Kuchepetsa kumwa mowa kungathandize kuchepetsa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi.
- Katemera: Dzitetezeni mwa kulandira katemera ku matenda omwe amakhudza chiwindi, monga Hepatitis A ndi B.
- Samalani ndi mankhwala: Musamwe mankhwala osafunikira, zitsamba, kapena zowonjezera popanda kufunsa dokotala. Kumwa mankhwala ochulukirapo kuposa mlingo woyenera, makamaka Acetaminophen (Panadol), kungawononge chiwindi.
- Pitani kuchipatala chaka chilichonse: Ngakhale kuyezetsa magazi nthawi zonse kungathandize kuzindikira kusintha kwa ntchito ya chiwindi zizindikiro zisanawonekere.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kutupa kwa maso (Scleral icterus) si matenda, koma chizindikiro cha vuto linalake.
- Chifukwa chachikulu cha izi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa bilirubin m'magazi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha kuchitika chifukwa cha vuto la chiwindi.
- Ngati muwona maso achikasu, musachite mantha, komanso musanyalanyaze . Pitani kwa dokotala mwamsanga.
- Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zina monga kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba, kutentha thupi, kapena kusokonezeka maganizo, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala nthawi yomweyo.
- Chithandizo chimadalira vuto lomwe limayambitsa maso achikasu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala kuti mudziwe bwino matendawa ndi kulandira chithandizo choyenera.
👩🏽⚕️ Mafunso ena (Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri)
💬 Kodi vuto lalikulu la ndulu yokulirapo (Enlarged Spleen / Splenomegaly) ndi lotani?
Nkhumba ndi chiwalo chaching'ono chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala kumanzere kwa chifuwa chathu, pansi pa nthiti/kumbuyo kwa mimba, chomwe chimasefa magazi/kuwononga maselo ofiira akale a magazi (nthawi zambiri chimakhala chaching'ono kuposa chala chanu chachikulu). Koma 'Nkhumba Yokulirapo' ndi vuto lomwe chiwalochi chimatupa modabwitsa ndipo chimatha kumveka pansi pa nthiti yakumanzere (LUQ)! Ichi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda oopsa okhudzana ndi magazi m'thupi.
💬 Kodi zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa ndulu yayikulu kwambiri kumanzere ndi ziti?
Pali zifukwa zitatu zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa izi: 1) 'Leukemia / Lymphoma' - Pankhaniyi, ndulu imakula chifukwa maselo a khansa amadzaza. 2) 'Chiwindi Cirrhosis' - Pamene magazi akudutsa m'chiwindi atsekedwa, magazi amenewo amadzaza mitsempha ya ndulu (Portal hypertension) ndipo imatupa. 3) Malaria / Dengue kapena jaundice (Malaria / EBV Infections) ndi matenda omwe maselo ofiira amagazi amasungunuka molakwika (Hemolytic anemia) nawonso amachititsa izi.
💬 Ngati pali chotupa/ndulu yokulirapo pansi pa nthiti yakumanzere, ndi 'zochitika zowopsa/zadzidzidzi' ziti zomwe zimafuna kuti munthu alowe m'chipatala mwachangu?
Uwu ndi matenda omwe amafunika dokotala kuti akawone (muyenera kupita ku CT Scan). Koma choopsa chachikulu komanso chachikulu kwambiri! 1) Ngati mwadzidzidzi mukumva 'ululu waukulu ngati kubayidwa ndi mpeni kosapiririka (ululu waukulu wa LUQ - Splenic Rupture)' pansi pa nthiti yakumanzere ndipo ululuwo umafalikira ku phewa lakumanzere (chizindikiro cha Kehr) ndipo ngati mukumva chizungulire ndikutaya chidziwitso, ndithudi ndi 'kuphulika kwa ndulu'! Izi zingayambitse kutuluka magazi ndi imfa mkati mwa mphindi zochepa, kotero muyenera kupita kuchipatala mwachangu!
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