Ndizachibadwa kuchita mantha, kudabwa, komanso kusatsimikiza dokotala wanu akakuuzani kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mawere ya "Gawo III". Mafunso monga 'Ndichite chiyani tsopano?', 'Kodi izi zitha kuchiritsidwa?', 'Kodi chithandizocho chidzakhala chovuta?' mwina amabwera m'maganizo mwanga. Koma musadandaule. Mankhwala a lero ndi apamwamba kwambiri. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za vutoli ndi chithandizo chopambana m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.
Kodi 'Gawo Lachitatu' kwenikweni ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, pakadali pano, khansa yafalikira kupitirira bere kupita ku ma lymph nodes apafupi, kapena m'mawu olankhulidwa, mpaka m'khwapa. Nthawi zina, chotupacho chimatha kukula kwambiri moti chimamangiriridwa ku khoma la chifuwa kapena khungu la bere lokha.
N’zoona kuti izi zikumveka zoopsa, koma chofunika ndi chakuti panthawiyi, njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira zingagwiritsidwe ntchito m’malo mwa njira imodzi yochiritsira, ndipo zotsatira zake zabwino kwambiri zitha kupezeka.
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe mankhwala awa ali.
Kodi mankhwala akuluakulu ndi ati?
Pochiza khansa ya m'mawere ya gawo lachitatu, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzapanga njira yabwino kwambiri yothandizira matenda anu. Pali njira zingapo zazikulu zothandizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi. Tiyeni tiwone.
| Njira yochizira | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Mankhwala a Chemotherapy | Kupereka mankhwala amphamvu owononga maselo a khansa. |
| Opaleshoni | Kuchotsa chotupa cha khansa ndi minofu yozungulira opaleshoni. |
| Chithandizo cha X-ray | Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri kuwononga maselo otsala a khansa. |
| Chithandizo cha Mahomoni | Kuletsa ntchito ya mahomoni omwe amathandiza khansa kukula. |
| Chithandizo Cholunjika | Chithandizo cholunjika ku njira yeniyeni ya maselo a khansa. |
Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za njira iliyonse yothandizirayi mwatsatanetsatane.
Mankhwala a Chemotherapy
Uwu ndiye mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa khansa ya gawo lachitatu.
- Opaleshoni isanachitike: Nthawi zina, pakakhala zotupa zazikulu, chemotherapy imaperekedwa opaleshoni isanachitike kuti ichepetse chotupacho . Izi zimapangitsa kuti opaleshoniyo ikhale yosavuta komanso yopambana.
- Pambuyo pa opaleshoni: Chemotherapy imathandiza kuwononga maselo aliwonse a khansa omwe angakhalebe m'thupi pambuyo pa opaleshoni, koma osawoneka ndi maso.
- Monga chithandizo chachikulu: Nthawi zina, ngati opaleshoni sizingatheke, chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo chachikulu.
Mankhwalawa angatengedwe ngati piritsi kapena madzi, koma nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kudzera mu mtsempha (m'mitsempha kapena m'mitsempha). Mudzapatsidwa nthawi yopuma pakati pa nthawi yopuma kuti thupi lanu lizolowere.
Opaleshoni
Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri imachitika pambuyo poti mankhwala a chemotherapy achepetsa chotupacho. Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu:
- Kuchotsa Lumpectomy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa chotupa cha khansa ndi minofu yathanzi yozungulira, ndikusiya bere lonse.
- Kuchotsa bere lonse: Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchotsa bere lonse.
Kaya muchita opaleshoni yanji, ma lymph nodes omwe ali m'khwapa momwe khansa yafalikira adzachotsedwanso . Mukachita opaleshoni, makamaka mukachotsa mastectomy, mungakhalenso ndi mwayi wochita opaleshoni yokonzanso mawere ngati mukufuna. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
Chithandizo cha X-ray
Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo ang'onoang'ono a khansa omwe angakhalebe m'dera la opaleshoni. Zili ngati kutsuka bwino. Izi zitha kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha khansa kubwerera m'dera lomwelo.
Chithandizo cha Mahomoni
Mankhwalawa si oyenera aliyense. Ndi ofunikira kwa anthu okhawo omwe ali ndi khansa ya "hormone receptor" .
Zimatanthauza chiyani?
Mwachidule, mahomoni monga estrogen m'thupi lathu amathandiza maselo a khansa kukula. Choncho chithandizochi chimaletsa mahomoni amenewo kufika m'maselo a khansa kapena kuletsa ntchito ya mahomoni amenewo.
- Mankhwala otchedwa 'Tamoxifen' amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa izi.
- Mankhwala oletsa kusamba monga anastrozole (Arimidex) ndi letrozole (Femara) amaperekedwa kwa akazi omwe asiya kusamba.
Njira yatsopano yochiritsira: Thandizo Lolunjika
Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri pa chithandizo cha khansa. Mosiyana ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy, mankhwala awa amayang'ana kufooka kwinakwake kapena cholinga cha maselo a khansa.
- Khansa Yabwino ya HER2: Khansa zina za m'mawere zimakhala ndi puloteni yambiri yotchedwa `HER2`. Izi zimapangitsa kuti khansa ikule mofulumira. Anthuwa amapatsidwa mankhwala monga `trastuzumab (Herceptin)` ndi `pertuzumab (Perjeta).` Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa kugwira ntchito kwa puloteni ya `HER2` ndikulamulira khansa.
- Kusintha kwa majini a BRCA: Khansa zina zimayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini a `BRCA`. Kwa anthu awa, gulu la mankhwala otchedwa `PARP inhibitors` (monga `olaparib (Lynparza)`) lingakhale lothandiza kwambiri.
- Kuphatikiza apo, palinso njira zina zochizira monga `CDK 4/6 inhibitors` ndi `PIK3CA inhibitors`. Kutengera mtundu wa khansa yanu, madokotala adzasankha njira zomwe zili zoyenera kwa inu.
Ganiziraninso za mayesero azachipatala.
Awa ndi maphunziro omwe akadali mu gawo lofufuza, kuyesa mankhwala apamwamba. Odwala ena omwe ali ndi khansa ya gawo lachitatu akhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wochita nawo `Clinical Trial` ngati iyi. Kudzera mu izi, mutha kulandira chithandizo chaposachedwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Musaiwale kufunsa dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni zambiri za izi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ngakhale kuti khansa ya m'mawere ya gawo lachitatu ndi vuto lalikulu, imatha kuchiritsidwa komanso kuthetsedwa . Makamaka ngati mankhwala ambiri agwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi, zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zitha kupezeka.
- Ndondomeko ya chithandizo chomwe mumalandira imapangidwa kuti ikuthandizeni, kutengera mtundu wa khansa yanu (monga, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi mahomoni, komanso HER2-positive).
- Chonde musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo zokhudza mankhwala kapena zotsatira zake. Iwo ndi odzipereka kukuthandizani.
- Kusunga maganizo abwino komanso kukhala ndi chithandizo cha abale ndi abwenzi ndikofunikira kwambiri paulendowu. Musavutike nokha.
- Chifukwa cha njira zamakono monga njira zochiritsira zolunjika, pali chiyembekezo chabwino kwambiri chochiza khansa ya m'mawere masiku ano kuposa kale.
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