Tiyeni tiphunzire za mankhwala omwe amathetsa dzanzi pakhungu lanu? (Mankhwala Oletsa Kupweteka Pakhungu)

Nthawi zina zingakhale bwino kukhala ndi njira yochepetsera ululu ndi kuyabwa komwe kumabwera ndi kuvulala pang'ono, kulumidwa ndi tizilombo, kapena kupsa pang'ono, sichoncho? Chabwino, lero tikambirana za mtundu wa mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi ngati izi, mtundu wa mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pakhungu kuti achite dzanzi pamalopo. Izi zimagwira ntchito ngati matsenga, kupangitsa dzanzi kwakanthawi pamalopo.

Kodi mankhwala oletsa ululu awa ndi otani?

Mwachidule, mankhwala oletsa ululu pakhungu ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amapakidwa pamwamba pa khungu lanu kapena nembanemba yofewa mkati mwa thupi lanu (mu mankhwala, timatcha mucosa ) kuti achite dzanzi kwakanthawi. Zili ngati dokotala nthawi zina amapopera mankhwala pang'ono asanakupatseni jakisoni, kapena mupaka kirimu wothira mankhwala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simukumva chilichonse kwa kanthawi, monga kupweteka kapena kuyabwa (nthawi zina kumatchedwa 'pruritus' ndi madokotala). Iyi si jakisoni, ndi mankhwala opaka pakhungu.

Tangoganizirani, izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsa ululu mkamwa mwanu, m'kamwa, m'mphuno, pakhosi, m'makutu, m'mbali zina za maso anu (makamaka zoyera za maso, zotchedwa `conjunctiva` ), kapena m'malo monga `rectum` ndi `vagina`.

Kodi izi zimabwera m'njira ziti?

Tsopano onani, mankhwala oletsa ululu awa amabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pali mitundu yomwe mungapeze ku pharmacy, komanso mitundu yapadera yomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito.

• Mu mawonekedwe a mafuta odzola .
• Monga madontho a khutu .
• Monga madontho a maso .
• Monga ma gels .
• Monga mafuta odzola .
• Monga mafuta odzola .
• Monga mabala omwe amamatira pakhungu .
• Monga mayankho/zamadzimadzi .
• Mu mawonekedwe a ma spray .

Choncho, kutengera zosowa zanu, dokotala kapena wamankhwala adzasankha mtundu wanji wa izi woyenera.

Kodi mitundu iyi ya mankhwala oletsa ululu m'malo olumikizirana mafupa ndi iti?

Pali mitundu yoposa imodzi ya mankhwala ochepetsa ululu. Ena mwa iwo mungagule ku pharmacy popanda mankhwala a dokotala (mankhwala a `Over-the-counter` kapena `OTC` ). Palinso ena, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madokotala okha ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazipatala zazing'ono.

Mitundu ina yayikulu ya mankhwala oletsa ululu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi awa:

• Benzocaine
• Dibucaine
• Lidocaine
• Phenol
• Pramoxine
• Prilocaine

Mankhwala aliwonsewa amabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana (monga mafuta odzola, ma gels, ma spray) ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri, awa amabwera pamodzi ndi zosakaniza zina zamankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, amatha kubwera pamodzi ndi zinthu monga hydrocortisone (mankhwala omwe amachiritsa ziwengo pakhungu), menthol (yomwe imapangitsa khungu kuzizira), kapena methyl salicylate (mankhwala opha ululu). Zosakaniza izi zimawonjezedwa malinga ndi cholinga chomwe mankhwala aliwonse amapangira.

Kodi izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chiyani?

Chabwino, tsopano tiyeni tiwone chomwe kwenikweni mankhwala oletsa ululu awa amathandiza. Pali nthawi zina pamene mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba, komanso nthawi zina pamene madokotala amawagwiritsa ntchito m'zipatala ndi m'zipatala.

Mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito kunyumba

Mankhwala oletsa ululu a pakhungu, omwe mungagule pa sitolo ku pharmacy, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuchepetsa ululu ndi kuyabwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha:

• Kulumidwa ndi tizilombo: Tikalumidwa ndi nyerere, tikamva udzudzu, kapena tikamva mavu.
• Kupsa pang'ono ndi kupsa ndi dzuwa.
• Kudula pang'ono, mikwingwirima.
• Mitundu ina ya ziphuphu pakhungu: Makamaka ziphuphu zomwe zimayabwa zikakumana ndi poison ivy, poison oak, ndi poison sumac.
• Kwa ululu ndi kuyabwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ma hemorrhoids .
• Pa ululu wa pakhosi (pali mankhwala opopera).
• Pa zilonda za mkamwa ('Zilonda za khansa') .
• Kuyabwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a yisiti m'mimba .

Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira izi: Mankhwala oletsa ululu awa amangochepetsa zizindikiro kwakanthawi. Sachiritsa matenda aliwonse kapena kuchotsa chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi eczema kapena matenda a bowa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala kuti akuthandizeni.

Milandu yomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito. Nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu okha. Nthawi zina, amagwiritsa ntchito jakisoni kuti achepetse ululu, komanso kuchepetsa ululu wa jakisoni.

Mu mankhwala a khungu:

• Chepetsani ululu musanapereke jakisoni: Mwachitsanzo, popereka katemera, kapena poika mzere wa IV (mzere wa m'mitsempha) kapena mzere wa m'mitsempha.
• Kuchepetsa ululu musanayambe njira zazing'ono zochizira khungu ndi njira zochizira pogwiritsa ntchito laser: Mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa tsitsi pogwiritsa ntchito laser , kuchotsa tattooPa zinthu monga kutenga khungu laling'ono kuti akayesedwe ('Kumeta kapena kuchotsa khungu').
• Pa opaleshoni zazing'ono zokhudzana ndi maliseche a amuna: Mwachitsanzo, kudula , kuchotsa nyama, ndi kuchotsa ziphuphu za maliseche.
• Kuchepetsa zizindikiro za matenda ena opweteka nthawi yayitali: Mwachitsanzo, ululu woyambitsidwa ndi minofu yolumikizana (`Myofascial trigger points`) ndi matenda monga trigeminal neuralgia .

Mu mankhwala okhudzana ndi maso:

• Thirani mano pamwamba pa diso: Pa mayeso ena, mwachitsanzo, mayeso a Schirmer , opaleshoni yaying'ono ya laser, komanso jakisoni wa intravitreal.

Mu mankhwala okhudzana ndi pakamwa ndi pakhosi:

• Mukalandira chithandizo cha mano, sungani mano m'kamwa: Musanapereke jekeseni mankhwala oletsa ululu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa kapena kudzaza dzino.
• Tsekani pakamwa ndi pakhosi: Mukayang'ana wodwala amene ali ndi chidziwitso mwa kulowetsa chubu kudzera pakhosi pake (`Dzukani fiberoptic intubation`) kapena kuyang'ana kholingo (`Laryngoscopy`).
• Zilonda zikayamba kutuluka mafinya, kuzidula ndi kuzichotsa kungachepetse ululu.

Mu mankhwala ochitidwa mkati mwa khutu (pa nembanemba ya tympanic):

• Chepetsani ululu panthawi ya opaleshoni monga tympanocentesis, yomwe imaphatikizapo kuchotsa madzi kuchokera kuseri kwa khwangwala .
• Pa opaleshoni monga myringotomy .
• Mukalowetsa, kuchotsa, kapena kusintha chubu cha tympanostomy.

Mu mankhwala okhudzana ndi mphuno ndi mphuno:

• Unikani mphuno: Gwiritsani ntchito zida zotchedwa endoscopes zolimba kapena zosinthasintha kuti muyang'ane mkati mwa mphuno.
• Thandizani kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa magazi m'mphuno ('Epistaxis').
• Kuchepetsa ululu wa mphuno yosweka.

Kodi mankhwala oletsa ululu awa amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Ndi zophweka kwambiri. Mankhwala oletsa ululu awa amaletsa kwakanthawi zizindikiro kuchokera ku mitsempha ya pakhungu lanu kapena mucous nembanemba yomwe tatchula kale. Tangoganizirani, khungu lanu limamva kupweteka, kuyabwa, kapena kukhudzidwa uthenga ukatumizidwa ku ubongo wanu kudzera mu mitsempha. Chomwe mankhwalawa amachita ndikuletsa mauthenga amenewo kwakanthawi. Ndicho chifukwa chake mumataya kumverera m'dera limenelo. Koma ichi ndi chinthu chapamwamba , kutanthauza kuti chimakhudza zigawo zapamwamba za khungu lanu zokha. Sichikhudza madera akuya.

Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji izi moyenera?

Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ngakhale mutagula mankhwala oletsa ululu ku pharmacy popanda mankhwala, muyenera kuwerenga malangizo mosamala.Kapena funsani dokotala wanu kapena wamankhwala. Phukusili limafotokoza momveka bwino komwe mungapake, kuchuluka kwake, komanso kangati.

Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amtunduwu kwa mwana wamng'ono, yang'anani malire a zaka zomwe zili pa phukusi la mankhwala kuti muwonetsetse kuti ndi oyenera msinkhu umenewo. Mukapaka izi pakhungu la mwana wanu, musalole kuti zilowe mkamwa mwake. Mankhwala oletsa ululu awa angayambitse mavuto aakulu ngati atayikidwa mkamwa kapena kumeza, makamaka kwa ana aang'ono.

Ngati simukugwiritsa ntchito, sungani mankhwalawa pamalo otetezeka omwe ana ndi ziweto zapakhomo sangafikire.

Kodi zotsatirapo zake ndi ziti?

Popeza pali mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala oletsa ululu pakhungu, ndipo chifukwa chakuti amatha kusakanikirana ndi zosakaniza zina zamankhwala, zotsatirapo zake zimakhala zosiyanasiyana. Ngati mukugula mankhwala a ``OTC`` ku pharmacy, onetsetsani kuti mwawerenga mosamala gawo la zotsatirapo zomwe zili pa phukusi.

Mankhwala oletsa ululu awa nthawi zambiri amakhala otetezeka . Zotsatirapo zake zimachitika makamaka ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochulukirapo (kutanthauza kuti, ngati mutenga mankhwala ambiri m'thupi lanu) kapena ngati mumeza mankhwalawo. Choncho tsatirani malangizo omwe ali pa mankhwala omwe mumagula ku pharmacy molondola.

Nthawi zina mungakumane ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa monga izi:

• Kuona zinthu molakwika kapena kawiri .
• Kumva kulira m'makutu (tinnitus) .
• Kukoma kwachitsulo mkamwa .
• Chizungulire .
• Kugona tulo .
• Kuwonjezeka kwa kugunda kwa mtima (Tachycardia) kapena kugunda kwa mtima kosasinthasintha (Arrhythmia) .
• Mutu .
• Kutopa .
• Kusokonezeka kapena kusokonezeka .
• Kugwedezeka kwa minofu .
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu .

Matenda a ziwengo

Ngakhale kuti sizichitika kawirikawiri, vuto la ziwengo ndi mankhwala oletsa ululu awa limatha kuchitika. Zizindikiro za ziwengo ndi izi:

• Kufiira kapena kusintha kwa mtundu wa khungu komwe kumafalikira kupitirira malo omwe mankhwala adayikidwa.
• Kukuyabwa kwambiri pakhungu.
• Ziphuphu .
• Kutupa `(Kutupa)` .

Kawirikawiri, ziwengo zazing'ono zimatha zokha pakapita nthawi. Komabe, muyenera kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe adayambitsa. Ngati zizindikirozi zikupitirirabe, pitani kwa dokotala.

Izi ndi zizindikiro za vuto lalikulu la ziwengo (anaphylaxis):

* Kutupa kwa milomo, lilime, kapena pakhosi.

*Kuvuta kupuma (`Dyspnea`), kupuma movutikira, kapena kupuma movutikira.

* Chizungulire ndi/kapena kukomoka.

* Kupweteka m'mimba, kusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba.

* Kumva nkhawa kwambiri komanso mantha.

Anaphylaxis ndi vuto ladzidzidzi lomwe limafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu. Ngati zili choncho, imbani 911 nthawi yomweyo kapena pitani kuchipatala chapafupi.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ndi bwino kuonana ndi dokotala ngati chimodzi mwa izi chikukuchitikirani mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu:

• Ngati matenda omwe mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala sakuchira pasanathe masiku asanu ndi awiri, kapena ngati akukulirakulira.
• Ngati matenda a pakhungu achitika.
• Ngati mumeza pang'ono mankhwalawo.

Ndi bwino kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala panthawi ngati iyi.

Pomaliza, kumbukirani

Kotero, mankhwala oletsa ululu awa ndi abwino omwe amathandiza kwakanthawi kuchepetsa ululu ndi kuyabwa pakhungu lathu ndi mucous nembanemba. Angakhale othandiza pamavuto ang'onoang'ono monga kulumidwa ndi tizilombo ndi ziphuphu zazing'ono. Koma monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwerenga malangizo mosamala musanagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito moyenera. Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zilizonse zoyipa, kapena ngati vuto lanu silikuyenda bwino mutamwa mankhwalawo, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala. Chifukwa nthawi zina mungafunike chithandizo chamankhwala. Mwamvetsa?

Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu , mankhwala oletsa ululu pakhungu, kupweteka pakhungu, kuyabwa, zotsatirapo zake, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, thandizo loyamba