Kodi nthawi zina mumamva ngati mwana wanu wamng'ono ndi wosiyana pang'ono ndi ana ena? Mwina sakuyang'anani m'maso. Kapena mwina amakonda kusewera yekha m'dziko lake. Nthawi zina amabwereza zinthu zomwezo, kapena amamva bwino ngakhale phokoso laling'ono. Ndizachibadwa kuti inu monga kholo muzichita mantha komanso chidwi mukaona zinthu ngati izi. Lero tikambirana za mutu womwe umasonyeza makhalidwe amenewa, ndipo anthu ambiri amalankhula za izo koma sadziwa kwenikweni. Umenewo ndi Autism.
Mwachidule, kodi autism ndi chiyani?
Matenda a Autism, kapena omwe amadziwika kuti Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) , si matenda. Ndi vuto lovuta lomwe limachitika mu kukula kwa ubongo. Zotsatira zake, momwe munthu amene ali ndi vuto la autism amamvetsetsa chidziwitso, kulankhulana, kuphunzira, ndi kuchita zinthu zingakhale zosiyana ndi za ena.
Taganizirani za ubongo wathu ngati mzinda wokhala ndi misewu yambiri. Mu ubongo wa anthu omwe ali ndi autism, misewu iyi imalumikizidwa mwanjira yosiyana pang'ono. Ndicho chifukwa chake momwe amaonera dziko lapansi, momwe amamvetsetsa zomwe amamva, ndi momwe amayankhira zimasiyana.
Chofunika ndichakuti autism ndi "spectrum." Izi zikutanthauza kuti momwe vutoli limakhudzira munthu aliyense ndi zosiyana kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti ena sangakhale ndi zotsatirapo zambiri, ena angafunike thandizo lochulukirapo kuti agwire ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku .
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amasonyeza zizindikiro zomwe zingadziwike mwana asanakwanitse zaka 3. Komanso, ndi matenda omwe amakhalapo kwa moyo wonse.
Kodi ndi bwino kulankhula za "milingo" ya autism?
Mwina munamvapo mawu akuti "high-functioning" ndi "low-functioning" autism akugwiritsidwa ntchito. "High-functioning" amatanthauza anthu omwe amatha kugwira ntchito za kusukulu komanso kulankhulana mosavuta. "Low-functioning" amatanthauza anthu omwe amafunikira thandizo pa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso omwe ali ndi vuto la maganizo. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito mawu awa kungakhale kovulaza kwa anthu amenewo chifukwa kumawapangitsa kumva ngati akuweruzidwa.
M'malo mwake, madokotala tsopano amagwiritsa ntchito gulu logwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa chithandizo chomwe munthu amafunikira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuchuluka kwa thandizo lomwe tikufuna kuti tithandize munthuyo kukhala bwino m'gulu.
| Mlingo wa mgwirizano | Kufotokoza mwachidule |
|---|---|
| Gawo 1: Kufuna thandizo | Pali zovuta zina pa maubwenzi. N'zovuta kuzolowera kusintha kwa zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku. Malangizo ena amafunika. |
| Gawo 2: Limafuna thandizo lalikulu | Pali zovuta zoonekeratu polankhula komanso polankhulana ndi anthu. Makhalidwe obwerezabwereza amasokoneza moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. |
| Gawo 3: Kufunika thandizo lalikulu kwambiri | Kulankhula n'kochepa kwambiri. Kulankhulana ndi anthu n'kovuta kwambiri. Chithandizo chachikulu chikufunika pafupifupi mbali iliyonse ya moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. |
Kodi zizindikiro zofala za autism ndi ziti?
Matenda a Autism ndi osiyana, kotero zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana kwambiri. Komabe, pali zizindikiro zingapo zodziwika bwino.
Zizindikiro zomwe zingawonekere mwa ana aang'ono
- Kuyang'ana maso: Kusafuna kuyang'ana maso mukulankhula kapena kusewera.
- Kusayankha dzina: Kusayang'ana mmbuyo pamene dzina lanu likutchulidwa, ngakhale mutakwanitsa miyezi 9.
- Kusewera wekha: Kusowa chidwi chosewera ndi ana ena.
- Kuchedwa kulankhula: Kusalankhula kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mawu moyenerera msinkhu.
- Kusagwiritsa ntchito manja : Kusanena kuti "tata bai" kapena kutambasula dzanja lanu kuti muwonetse zinazake.
- Kulimbikitsa: Kubwerezabwereza chinthu chomwecho mobwerezabwereza, monga kugwedeza manja anu, kugwedeza thupi lanu, kapena kuzungulira mozungulira.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito zoseweretsa m'njira zachilendo: Kukonza zoseweretsa motsatizana ndikukwiya ngati dongosolo lasinthidwa.
- Kuzindikira: Kukhala wokhudzidwa kwambiri kapena wosakhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga phokoso wamba, fungo, kuwala, kapena kukhudza zovala.
- Kusakonda kusintha kwa zochita: Kukwiya kwambiri ngati kusintha pang'ono pa zomwe mumachita tsiku lililonse kwasintha.
Kodi 'Meltdown' ndi chiyani?
Izi si kukwiya kokha. Munthu amene ali ndi vuto la autism akamavutika ndi chidziwitso chochuluka chochokera kumalo omwe ali (phokoso, anthu, kuwala), mitsempha yake imakhala 'yodzaza ndi zinthu zambiri'. Kenako amataya mphamvu zawo. Pa nthawiyi, akhoza kufuula, kulira, kugubuduzika, ndi kumenya zinthu. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite panthawiyi ndikupatsa munthuyo malo otetezeka komanso nthawi yoti akhazikike mtima pansi.
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa autism? Kodi katemera amagwiradi ntchito?
Choyambitsa chenicheni cha autism sichinadziwikebe , koma asayansi amakhulupirira kuti imayamba chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa majini ndi zinthu zachilengedwe.
- Zinthu zokhudzana ndi majini: Ngati wina m'banjamo ali ndi autism, chiopsezo choti ena adwale autism chimakhala chachikulu pang'ono.
- Zaka: Chiwopsezo chakuti mwana akhale ndi vuto la autism chingakule pang'ono makolo akamakula.
- Mavuto obadwa nawo: Zinthu monga kubadwa ndi thupi lochepa kwambiri.
- Jenda: Autism imapezeka kwambiri mwa anyamata kuposa atsikana.
Mfundo yofunika kwambiri komanso yotsimikizika: Palibe mgwirizano pakati pa katemera ndi autism! Izi zatsimikiziridwa mobwerezabwereza ndi kafukufuku wambiri wochitidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Lingaliro lakuti katemera amayambitsa autism ndi nthano chabe. Katemera cholinga chake ndi kuteteza ana athu ku matenda akuluakulu. Choncho musaope kupatsa mwana wanu katemera amene dokotala wanu akulangiza pa nthawi yake.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi autism?
Kuzindikira matenda a autism sikophweka monga kuyezetsa magazi. Kumachitika ndi gulu la madokotala apadera omwe amaona mosamala khalidwe la mwanayo ndi kukula kwake.
Njirayi nthawi zambiri imachitika m'magawo awiri:
1. Kuyezetsa Kukula kwa Mwana: Mukapita ndi mwana wanu kuchipatala, dokotala kapena wantchito yazaumoyo wa m'banja adzakufunsani mafunso okhudza kukula kwa mwana wanu (kulankhula, kuyenda, kusewera). Ngati akukayikira kuti pali kuchedwa kapena vuto pano, adzakutumizirani kwa katswiri.
2. Kuwunika Konse: Pano, dokotala wa matenda amisala a ana kapena katswiri wa matenda a ana amamufufuza mwanayo bwino. Amaona momwe mwanayo amasewera, amalankhulira, komanso amachitira zinthu ndi ena. Amafunsanso makolo mafunso atsatanetsatane okhudza khalidwe la mwanayo. Zonsezi zimaganiziridwa kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi vuto la autism kapena ayi.
Ngati munthu wamkulu akuganiza kuti ali ndi autism, akhoza kulankhula ndi dokotala wake ndikutumizidwa kwa katswiri, monga dokotala wa matenda amisala.
Chithandizo ndi Kasamalidwe: Musanyengedwe ndi mankhwala abodza!
Choyamba, kumbukirani kuti palibe "matsenga" omwe angachiritse autism. Uwu ndi vuto la moyo wonse. Koma ndi kuzindikira msanga, chithandizo choyenera, ndi chithandizo, luso la mwana likhoza kukulitsidwa ndipo moyo watsiku ndi tsiku ukhoza kukhala wosavuta.
Pali njira zingapo zazikulu zochizira:
- Chithandizo cha Khalidwe: Chimathandiza kusintha makhalidwe osayenera mwa kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake khalidwe limachitika komanso zotsatira zake. Kusanthula Khalidwe Logwiritsidwa Ntchito (ABA) ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wa chithandizo.
- Chithandizo cha Chitukuko:
- Chithandizo cha Kulankhula: Kukulitsa luso lolankhulana.
- Chithandizo cha Ntchito: Yesetsani kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku (kuvala, kudya) nokha.
- Kuchiza Thupi: Kulimbitsa luso loyenda monga kuyenda ndi kuthamanga.
- Chithandizo cha Zamaganizo: Njira monga Chithandizo cha Maganizo ndi Khalidwe (CBT) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza matenda monga nkhawa kapena kuvutika maganizo komwe kumabwera ndi autism.
Chenjerani! "Machiritso abodza" oopsa
Pali njira zina zoopsa komanso zabodza zomwe zimati zimachiritsa autism. Musagwere m'mavuto amenewa. Sikuti izi ndi kuwononga ndalama zokha, komanso zingawononge moyo wa mwana wanu.
| Mankhwala owopsa abodza omwe simuyenera kuyesa | |
|---|---|
| ❌ Mkaka wa ngamila wosaphika | ❌ Chelation (kuchotsa zitsulo zolemera m'thupi) |
| ❌ Chozizwitsa cha Mineral Solution (MMS) / Chlorine Dioxide | ❌ Malangizo opewera katemera |
| Umu ndi momwe mungadziwire mankhwala abodza:Khalani okayikira ngati akunena kuti "machiritso ozizwitsa," "zotsatira zachangu," kuwononga mitengo yokwera, kapena kungopereka nkhani zaumwini m'malo mwa umboni wa zachipatala. Onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe chithandizo chilichonse. | |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda a Autism si matenda. Ndi kusintha kwa kukula kwa ubongo. Ndi gawo la umunthu wa munthu.
- Matenda a Autism ndi osiyana kwambiri. Mmene amakhudzira munthu aliyense ndi osiyana kwambiri.
- Palibe mgwirizano wa sayansi pakati pa katemera ndi autism. Ndi nthano yotsimikizika.
- Matenda a Autism "sangathe kuchiritsidwa." Koma kuwazindikira msanga ndi chithandizo choyenera ndi chithandizo zingawathandize kukhala ndi moyo wopambana komanso wachimwemwe.
- Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yokhudza kukula kwa mwana wanu, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu kapena wogwira ntchito zachipatala m'banja lanu.
- Musanyengedwe ndi mankhwala abodza "ozizwitsa". Funsani upangiri wa dokotala musanachite chilichonse.
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