Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha ndi nkhawa zambiri mukamva mawu osazolowereka monga "Trisomy 18" mukamalankhula ndi dokotala wanu za mwana wanu wosabadwa. Kodi vutoli ndi lotani, chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika, ndipo kodi pali cholakwika chilichonse chomwe chabwera m'maganizo mwanga? Musadandaule. Lero, tiyeni timvetse vuto lotchedwa Trisomy 18 mosavuta, ngati kuti tikulankhula ndi mnzanu.
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Kodi Trisomy 18 ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Mwachidule, trisomy 18 ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha vuto la ma chromosome omwe ali ndi chidziwitso cha majini m'thupi lathu. Dzina lina la matendawa ndi Edwards syndrome , polemekeza dokotala amene anayamba kufotokoza za matendawa.
Taganizirani thupi lathu ngati nyumba yaikulu. Chithunzi cha nyumbayi chili m'mabuku monga ma chromosome. Majini omwe ali m'mabukuwa ndi malangizo a momwe gawo lililonse la thupi lathu, kuyambira mtundu wa tsitsi lathu mpaka momwe mtima wathu umagwirira ntchito, liyenera kukulirakulira.
Kawirikawiri, mwana wathanzi amalandira ma chromosome 23 kuchokera kwa mayi ndi 23 kuchokera kwa bambo. Onse pamodzi ndi 46. Izi zimakonzedwa m'magulu awiriawiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali makope awiri a chromosome 1, makope awiri a chromosome 2, ndi zina zotero, mpaka 23.
Komabe, pankhani ya trisomy 18, m'malo mwa makope awiri achibadwa a chromosome 18, pali kopi yowonjezera, yomwe ndi makope atatu, m'maselo a mwana. "Tri" imatanthauza atatu. Ndicho chifukwa chake imatchedwa "trisomy 18." Chromosome yowonjezera iyi ingayambitse zolakwika zosiyanasiyana pakukula kwa ziwalo zambiri m'thupi la mwana.
Kodi pali mitundu ya trisomy 18?
Inde, pali mitundu itatu makamaka:
1. Trisomy Yonse 18 : Iyi ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri. Apa, selo lililonse m'thupi la mwana lili ndi chromosome yowonjezera ya 18.
2. Partial Trisomy 18: Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri. M'malo mwa chromosome yowonjezera yonse, gawo lokha la chromosome yowonjezera 18 limapezeka m'maselo. Gawo lowonjezerali likhozanso kulumikizidwa ku chromosome ina (translocation).
3. Mosaic Trisomy 18: Ichinso ndi vuto losowa kwambiri. Pano, maselo ena okha m'thupi la mwana ndi omwe ali ndi chromosome yowonjezera. Maselo ena ndi abwinobwino. Zili ngati maselo osiyanasiyana amasakanikirana ngati matailosi a mosaic.
Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?
Matenda achiwiri ofala kwambiri a chromosome ndi trisomy 18. Choyamba ndi Down syndrome yodziwika bwino, kapena trisomy 21.
Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mwana m'modzi mwa ana 5,000 obadwa akhoza kukhala ndi trisomy 18. Mwa awa, omwe amanenedwa kwambiri ndi atsikana. Komabe, kwenikweni, ana ambiri osabadwa amakhudzidwa ndi vutoli. Komabe, chifukwa mavuto okhudzana ndi vutoli ndi aakulu, nthawi zambiri ana amenewo amatayika m'mimba panthawi ya mimba.
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Check Availability →Kodi zizindikiro za mwana amene ali ndi trisomy 18 ndi ziti?
Ana obadwa ndi trisomy 18 nthawi zambiri amakhala aang'ono kwambiri komanso ofooka . Amakhala ndi mavuto ambiri azaumoyo komanso kusintha kwa thupi. Zina mwa izi zalembedwa patebulo ili m'munsimu.
| Chiwalo cha thupi | Zizindikiro zooneka |
|---|---|
| Mutu ndi nkhope | Mutu wocheperapo kuposa wamba (microcephaly), nsagwada yaying'ono (micrognathia), makutu otsika, ndi kamwa kosweka. |
| Manja ndi mapazi | Manja opindika (zala zikupindika), mapazi ozungulira ngati pansi. |
| Mtima | Mabowo pakati pa zipinda za mtima (atrial septal defect kapena ventricular septal defect). |
| Ziwalo zina | Matenda a m'mapapo, impso, ndi m'mimba/m'mimba. |
| Mkhalidwe wamba | Kukula kumakhala kochedwa kwambiri.(kukula pang'onopang'ono), mavuto okhudzana ndi kudya, kulira mofooka, komanso kuchedwa kwambiri kwa nzeru ndi chitukuko. |
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa izi? Ndani ali pachiwopsezo?
Funso limene makolo ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. "Kodi ndili ndi vuto langa?"
Chonde mvetsetsani kuti trisomy 18 siimayamba chifukwa cha vuto lililonse la mayi kapena bambo, kapena chifukwa cha chakudya, chakumwa, kapena khalidwe. Ndi vuto la kugawikana kwa chromosome mwachisawawa lomwe limachitika dzira kapena umuna ukapangidwa. Palibe chomwe tingachite kuti tipewe izi.
Komabe, chiopsezo cha zolakwika za chromosome izi chimawonjezeka pang'ono pamene mayi akukalamba (makamaka atakwanitsa zaka 35). Komabe, mayi wa msinkhu uliwonse akhoza kukhala ndi mwana wokhala ndi trisomy 18.
Ngati muli kale ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi trisomy 18, chiopsezo chokhala ndi vutoli pa nthawi yotsatira ya mimba ndi pakati pa 0.5% ndi 1%. Komabe, ngati inu kapena mnzanu muli ndi kusintha kwa majini (translocation) komwe kumayambitsa trisomy 18 pang'ono, komwe tidakambirana, chiopsezocho chingakhale chachikulu kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, pitani kwa mlangizi wa majini.
Kodi izi zitha kuzindikirika panthawi ya mimba?
Inde, n'zotheka ndithu. Dokotala adzatenga kaye magazi kuchokera kwa mayi ( kuyezetsa ). Ngakhale kuti izi sizingatsimikizike 100%, zitha kudziwa ngati mwana ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi vuto la chromosome monga trisomy 18.
Ngati mayesowa akusonyeza kuti pali chiopsezo, pali mayeso ena otsimikizira zomwe zikuchitika.
- Kuyezetsa magazi kwa Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Chitsanzo chaching'ono cha placenta chimatengedwa ndikuyesedwa m'masabata oyambirira a mimba (masabata 10-13).
- Amniocentesis: Pambuyo pa masabata 15, chitsanzo cha madzi amniotic ozungulira khanda chimatengedwa ndikuyesedwa.
Mayeso onsewa amatha kuwerengera molondola ma chromosome a mwana ndikutsimikizira motsimikiza ngati ali ndi trisomy 18 kapena ayi.
Kuphatikiza apo, ultrasound scan yomwe imachitika patatha milungu 12 ingayambitsenso kukayikira za vutoli poyang'ana zinthu monga kukula kwa mwana, mawonekedwe a mtima, ndi malo a miyendo.
Kodi pali chithandizo chilichonse? Tsogolo la mwana ndi lotani?
Nkhani imeneyi ndi yovuta kwambiri kukambirana. Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala a trisomy 18. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ndi kusintha kwa majini komwe kumapezeka mu selo lililonse la thupi la mwana.
Komabe, kusowa chithandizo sikutanthauza kuti palibe chomwe chingachitike kwa mwanayo. Chisamaliro chothandizira chingaperekedwe kuti mwanayo akhale womasuka komanso wosangalala momwe angathere.
- Opaleshoni ya zinthu zina, monga matenda a mtima.
- Kupereka mankhwala ofunikira.
- Kudyetsa machubu ngati pali vuto la kumwa mkaka.
- Chithandizo cha mavuto opuma.
Makolo ena, m'malo mochiza ana awo ndi ululu, amasankha kuwasunga omasuka kwa kanthawi kochepa, mwachikondi ndi chikondi. Izi zimatchedwa chisamaliro chotonthoza . Zisankho izi ndi zaumwini kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kukambirana momasuka za njira zonsezi ndi dokotala wanu.
Mwatsoka, chifukwa cha mavuto aakulu azaumoyo omwe amabwera ndi vutoli, ana ambiri amakhala ndi moyo waufupi kwambiri. Pafupifupi theka la ana onse obadwa amamwalira mkati mwa sabata yoyamba. Osakwana 10% amakhala ndi moyo wokondwerera tsiku lawo loyamba lobadwa. Ngakhale ana omwe apulumuka amafunika chisamaliro chamankhwala nthawi zonse.
Kusamalira mwana ngati uyu kungakhale kovuta m'maganizo ndi m'thupi kwa makolo, choncho ndikofunikira kukhala ndi chithandizo cha inuyo ndi banja lanu paulendowu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Trisomy 18 ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa chokhala ndi kopi yowonjezera ya chromosome nambala 18.
- Izi sizichitika chifukwa cha kulakwitsa kulikonse kwa makolo. Ndi vuto la majini losayembekezereka.
- Vutoli lingathe kupezeka kudzera mu ma scan ndi mayeso apadera a magazi panthawi ya mimba.
- Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala enieni a vutoli, pali njira zothandizira zomwe zingathandize mwana.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti makolo omwe akukumana ndi vutoli apemphe thandizo la maganizo kuchokera kwa madokotala, alangizi, ndi achibale ena. Lankhulani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za chilichonse.
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