Ese nawe ujya uva amaraso mu mazuru? (Epistaxis) Ntugatinye, reka tubimenye!

Ese watangiye kuva amaraso mu mazuru mu buryo butunguranye? Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba muri ibyo bihe. Ariko akenshi, iki si ikintu gikomeye. Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri iki kibazo cyo kuva amaraso mu mazuru, cyangwa kizwi mu buvuzi nka `(Epistaxis)`, mu buryo burambuye.

Kuva amaraso mu mazuru (Epistaxis) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, `(Epistaxis)` ni ukuva amaraso mu bice by'izuru ryawe. Ibi bishobora kubaho mu mazuru rimwe, rimwe na rimwe muri yombi. Ariko akenshi, kuva amaraso biva mu mazuru rimwe.

Urabizi, mu mazuru yacu, harimo imiyoboro myinshi y'amaraso. Iyi ni yo ifasha gushyushya umwuka duhumeka, kongera ubushuhe, no kohereza mu mibiri yacu. Ariko iyi miyoboro y'amaraso yegereye cyane uruhu ruri mu mazuru. Rero, iyo umwuka unyuze mu mazuru, iyi miyoboro y'amaraso irakama kandi ishobora gukomereka cyane. Ni bwo kuva amaraso bitangira.

Tekereza gato, abantu bagera kuri batandatu kuri icumi bagiye bava amaraso mu mazuru nibura rimwe mu buzima bwabo. Akenshi, ibi ni ibintu bito bishobora kuvurirwa mu rugo. Ariko, niba kuva amaraso ari byinshi cyane , cyangwa niba urimo kuruka cyangwa ufite ibindi bimenyetso, nko kugorwa no guhumeka, ni byiza cyane kujya kwa muganga vuba .

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'amaraso ava mu mazuru?

Abaganga babigabanyamo ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi, bitewe n'aho kuva amaraso bituruka.

Kuva amaraso imbere mu mazuru

Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane . Kuva amaraso bitangirira imbere y'izuru, hepfo y'urukuta rutandukanya izuru ebyiri (rwitwa kandi `(septum)`). Imitsi mito y'amaraso muri aka gace iragoye cyane, bityo ishobora kuvunika no kuva amaraso byoroshye. Ubusanzwe iyi si indwara ikomeye kandi ishobora kuvurirwa mu rugo.

Kuva amaraso inyuma mu mazuru

Uku kuva amaraso biba mu mazuru. Amaraso aturuka mu mitsi minini y'amaraso iri hafi y'umuhogo. Ibi bishobora kuba amaraso menshi, kandi amaraso ashobora no gutemba mu muhogo. Muri icyo gihe, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga byihuse .

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi?

Akenshi, nta bimenyetso bihari uretse kuva amaraso mu mazuru. Ariko, niba uva amaraso inyuma y'izuru, amwe mu maraso ashobora kunyura mu muhogo no mu nda. Ibi bishobora gutera uburyohe budasanzwe mu muhogo wawe bigatuma wumva ufite isesemi.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba ufite ibindi bimenyetso (urugero: umunaniro ukabije, guhumeka nabi , gucika intege) hamwe no kuva amaraso mu mazuru, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indi ndwara isanzwe.

Kuki amaraso ava mu mazuru rimwe gusa? Cyangwa muri yombi?

Akenshi, kuva amaraso biva mu mazuru rimwe, ariko rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuvamo byombi icyarimwe. Hari impamvu nyinshi zituma kuva amaraso mu mazuru bibaho. Ku bw'amahirwe, inyinshi muri zo ntabwo ari zikomeye.

Impamvu zisanzwe

• Umwuka wumye: Iyi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru . By'umwihariko,
• Mu turere dufite ikirere gishyushye kandi gikonje.
• Mu turere turi hejuru cyane y'inyanja.
• Mu mazu ashyushye yo mu nzu.

Umwuka wumye ushobora gutuma agahu koroshye kari imbere mu mazuru karuma, kagacikamo ibice, kagacikamo ibice. Ibi bishobora gutera kuva amaraso iyo utoboye izuru ryawe cyangwa woga.

• Izindi mpamvu zisanzwe:
• Gufata izuru (cyane cyane ku bana bato).
• Gukomereka ku zuru no mu maso.
• Kugira septum yacitse mu mazuru.
• Kwitsamura kenshi, gukorora no kuva amaraso mu mazuru bitewe n'indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero yo hejuru cyangwa indwara zo mu mazuru .
• Rhinitis iterwa n'ubwivumbure cyangwa rhinitis idaterwa n'ubwivumbure.
• Gukoresha kenshi imiti igabanya ububabare mu mazuru (urugero: imiti igabanya ububabare , imiti igabanya ububabare mu mazuru). Iyi miti ishobora kuma mu mazuru.
• Gufata imiti igabanya amaraso (urugero: aspirine , NSAIDs ( imiti igabanya ububabare ), warfarin ).
• Guhumeka imiti iva mu bikoresho byo gusukura, imyuka yo mu kazi, cyangwa indi mpumuro ikomeye.
• Gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge bivanze n'amazi (urugero: kokayine).

Impamvu zo kubona bike gato

• Ikoreshwa ry'inzoga.
• Indwara zo kuva amaraso (urugero: hemophilia, indwara ya von Willebrand).
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije.
• Kubyimba kw'inkuta z'imitsi (Atherosclerosis).
• Kubagwa mu maso no mu mazuru.
• Ibibyimba byo mu mazuru.
• Utunyangingo tw'izuru.
• Kugabanuka kw'umubare wa platelets bitewe n'intege nke z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri (Immune thrombocytopenia).
• Kanseri y'amaraso `(Leukemia)`.
• Telangiectasia yo kuva amaraso mu buryo bw'ihererekanywa ni indwara y'imitsi y'amaraso ivuka mu buryo bw'umurage.
• Gutwita.

Kuki njya mu mazuru nsinziriye?

Impamvu zitera kuva amaraso mu mazuru mu gihe usinziriye ni zimwe n’izo mu gihe cy’amanywa. Ibintu nk’umwuka wumye, allergie, n’indwara zo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero yo hejuru bishobora kwangiza igice cyo hasi cy’izuru. Nanone, kuryama uhindukiriye umutwe wawe ku ruhande bishobora gushyira igitutu ku mazuru, bigatuma kuva amaraso mu mazuru nijoro.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara ibi? (Ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago)

Umuntu wese ashobora kuva amaraso mu mazuru. Abantu benshi bagiye bahura nabyo nibura rimwe mu buzima bwabo. Ariko hari abantu bashobora kurwara cyane.

• Abana bari hagati y'imyaka 2 na 10: Umwuka wumye, ibicurane, allergie, no gushyira intoki n'ibindi bintu mu mazuru bishobora gutera kuva amaraso kenshi mu mazuru ku bana.
• Abantu bakuru bari hagati y'imyaka 45 na 80: Uko ugenda wegereza imyaka 50, igihe cyo kuvura amaraso gishobora kwiyongera. Ufite amahirwe menshi yo kugira umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, gukomera kw'imitsi (atherosclerosis), cyangwa indwara zo kuvura amaraso muri iki gihe.
• Abagore batwite: Mu gihe cyo gutwita, imiyoboro y'amaraso mu mazuru irakura, bigatuma imiyoboro y'amaraso yoroshye iri mu mazuru irushaho gukomera.
• Abantu bafata imiti igabanya amaraso: Harimo imiti nka aspirine na warfarin.
• Abantu bafite ibibazo byo kuvura amaraso: Urugero, indwara ya hemophilia na von Willebrand.

Ni ryari ugomba guhangayikishwa n'indwara yo kuva amaraso mu mazuru?

Ni ibisanzwe kumva uhangayitse gato iyo ubonye amaraso ava mu mazuru, ariko akenshi ntabwo ari ikibazo gikomeye. Ushobora kubyihanganira uri mu rugo. Ariko, ugomba kujya kwa muganga niba :

• Niba ukunda kuva amaraso mu mazuru .
• Niba ufite ibimenyetso bya anemia (intege nke, isereri, umunaniro ukabije, kumva urimo gukonja, guhumeka bigoranye, uruhu rwera).
• Niba utangiye kuva amaraso mu mazuru nyuma yo gutangira umuti mushya .
• Niba ufite amaraso mu mazuru no gukomereka bidasanzwe ku mubiri wawe wose - byombi hamwe - bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye, nko kurwara indwara yo kuvura amaraso (indwara yo kuvura amaraso make cyangwa indwara ya von Willebrand), kanseri y'amaraso (leukemia), cyangwa ikibyimba cyo mu mazuru.

Niba umwana wawe ari munsi y'imyaka 2 kandi afite ikibazo cyo kuva amaraso mu mazuru, ni byiza kuvugana na muganga w'abana. Uko umwana wawe yaba ameze kose, ni byiza kuvuga ku bana bamuvuye mu mazuru mu gihe azaba asuzumwe n'abaganga.

Abaganga babibona bate?

Umuganga azakubaza ibibazo bike ku bijyanye n'amaraso yawe yo mu mazuru:

• Kuva amaraso byamaze igihe kingana iki (mu minota)?
• Hafi amaraso angahe yatakaye?
• Ni kangahe uva amaraso mu mazuru?
• Ese amaraso yavuye mu zuru rimwe cyangwa yombi?

Nanone, ibi nabyo byumvwa:

• Ubwoko bw'imiti ufata (harimo imiti igabanya amaraso nka aspirine, imiti igabanya ububabare bw'ibicurane/allergie, nibindi)
• Hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara ziterwa n'amaraso?
• Gukoresha inzoga n'imiti ihumeka.

Hanyuma, muganga azasuzuma izuru ryawe kugira ngo arebe aho kuva amaraso biva n'icyabiteye. Bazakoresha igikoresho gito cyitwa ``speculum``` kugira ngo bakingure izuru barebe imbere mu mazuru bakoresheje urumuri rutandukanye cyangwa ``endoscope``` (umuyoboro muto ufite kamera).

Muganga ashobora gutera umuti mu mazuru kugira ngo agire ibinure imbere mu mazuru no kugabanya imiyoboro y'amaraso. Ashobora kandi gukuraho amaraso n'ibibyimba biri mu mazuru. Ibi bishobora kubabaza gato, ariko ntibibabaza.

Ni gake cyane, X-rays, CT scan, cyangwa ibizamini by'amaraso bishobora gutangwa kugira ngo harebwe niba amaraso afite ibibazo byo kuvura, imiyoboro y'amaraso idakora neza, cyangwa ibibyimba mu mazuru.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Uburyo bwo kuvura kuva amaraso mu mazuru buterwa n'impamvu yateye kuva amaraso. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira ibikenewe kuri iyo ndwara yawe. Ubuvuzi bwa `(Epistaxis)` bushobora kuba burimo:

• Gupfunyika mu mazuru: Muganga ashyira agatambaro k'ijisho, siponji cyangwa ifuro ryihariye mu mazuru, cyangwa agapira k'ijisho gashobora guhumeka mu mazuru kugira ngo ashyiremo umuvuduko aho kuva amaraso bituruka. Muganga ashobora kubikuramo mu gihe cy'amasaha 24-48.
• Guca uturemangingo: Ubu buryo bukoresha imiti (silver nitrate) cyangwa ubushyuhe (electrocautery) kugira ngo bufunge imitsi y'amaraso. Mbere y'ibyo, muganga atera umuti utera ibisebe mu mazuru.
• Guhindura/gusubiramo imiti: Kugabanya ingano y'imiti igabanya amaraso ufata - cyangwa kuyihagarika - bishobora gufasha. Ushobora kandi gukenera imiti yo kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukwandikira umuti, nka aside tranexamic (Lysteda®), ifasha amaraso yawe kubumba.
• Gukuraho ikintu cy’amahanga: Iyo kuva amaraso mu mazuru gutewe n’ikintu kiri mu mazuru, muganga azagikuraho.
• Kubaga: Kubaga bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hakosorwe izuru ryavunitse cyangwa hakosorwe septum yacitse (septoplasty).
• Gufunga imiyoboro y'amaraso: Muri ubu buryo, muganga afunga imiyoboro y'amaraso kugira ngo ahagarike kuva amaraso.

Ni gute wahagarika kuva amaraso mu mazuru mu rugo?

Kurikiza izi ntambwe kugira ngo uhagarike kuva amaraso mu mazuru:

• Komeza gutuza, humeka mu kanwa kawe.
• Icara ugororotse, uhindukize umutwe wawe imbere gato (ntuhindukize umutwe wawe inyuma, kuko ibi bishobora gutuma amaraso atemba mu muhogo wawe).
• Koresha igikumwe cyawe n'urutoki rwawe rw'icyitegererezo kugira ngo ukanda igice cyoroshye cy'izuru ryawe (hejuru gato y'izuru).
• Tegereza kugeza amaraso ahagaze. Koresha agatambaro cyangwa igitambaro gitose kugira ngo uhanagure amaraso.

Akenshi, ubuvuzi bwo mu rugo burahagije. Ariko, hari ubwo kuva amaraso mu mazuru bisaba kuvurirwa mu bitaro. Muri ibi bihe, jya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze kiri hafi yawe n’umuntu ako kanya, cyangwa uhamagare 1990:

• Niba udashobora guhagarika kuva amaraso nubwo waba umaze gufata izuru iminota 15-20.
• Iyo amaraso ari menshi (arenga igikombe kimwe).
• Niba ufata imiti igabanya amaraso (nka aspirine cyangwa warfarin), cyangwa niba ufite ikibazo cyo kuvura amaraso, kandi kuva amaraso ntibihagarara.
• Niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka.
• Niba umira amaraso kandi ntushobora kureka kuruka.
• Niba izuru ryawe ritangiye kuva amaraso nyuma yo gukubitwa ku mutwe cyangwa gukomereka bikomeye (kugwa, impanuka y'imodoka, gukubitwa bikomeye mu maso/izuru).

Ese kunywa amazi nyuma yo kuva amaraso mu mazuru ni byiza?

Yego, ugomba kunywa ibinyobwa byinshi nyuma yo kuva amaraso mu mazuru. Amazi n'umutobe w'imbuto, bidafite kafeyine, ni byiza. Nyuma yo kuva amaraso mu mazuru, amwe mu maraso ashobora kunyura mu muhogo no mu nda. Ibi bishobora gutuma wumva ufite isesemi. Ariko kunywa amazi ntacyo bizagira ku muntu uva amaraso mu mazuru.

Ese ushobora gupfa uvuye mu mazuru?

Kuva amaraso mu gice cyo hejuru cy'izuru cyangwa mu mazuru biragoye kubigenzura. Ariko, urupfu ruterwa no kuva amaraso mu mazuru ni gake cyane.

Ni iki cyakorwa kugira ngo hirindwe kuva amaraso mu mazuru?

Dore bimwe mu bintu bishobora gufasha kwirinda kuva amaraso mu mazuru:

• Kugira ngo amazuru yawe agume ahumeka, koresha spray ya saline mu mazuru cyangwa ibitonyanga bya saline mu mazuru yose kabiri cyangwa gatatu ku munsi. Ibi bishobora kugurwa muri farumasi cyangwa bigakorerwa mu rugo.
• Ongeramo ubushuhe mu kirere wongeyeho icyuma gishyushya mu itanura ryawe, cyangwa ushyire icyuma gishyushya mu cyumba cyawe cyo kuraramo nijoro.
• Siga amavuta yo mu mazuru cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga (nka `Bacitracin®`, `Vaseline®` cyangwa `Ayr Gel®`) imbere mu mazuru yawe ukoresheje ipamba. Ntugashyiremo ipamba irenze santimetero 1/4 mu mazuru yawe. Ayo mavuta n'amavuta yo kwisiga aboneka muri farumasi nyinshi.
• Ntukavunike izuru ryawe cyane.
• Buri gihe shyira umunwa wawe mu kanwa iyo witsamuye. Buri gihe shyiramo agatambaro cyangwa inkokora yawe.
• Ntugashyire ikintu gikomeye mu mazuru yawe, harimo n'intoki zawe.
• Gabanya ikoreshwa ry'imiti ishobora kongera amaraso (nka aspirine na ibuprofen). Buri gihe vugana na muganga mbere yo guhindura imiti yawe. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane ku miti yanditswe na muganga nka warfarin (Coumadin®) n'imiti idakoresha steroide igabanya ubushyuhe (NSAIDs).
• Niba ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure bw'amazuru bidashoboka kugenzurwa byoroshye n'imiti igurishwa ku giciro cya muganga cyangwa imiti igurishwa na muganga, gana muganga. Mu gihe ukoresha imiti igurishwa ku giciro cya muganga, kurikiza amabwiriza neza nk'uko yanditswe. Kuyikoresha cyane bishobora gutera kuva amaraso mu mazuru.
• Reka kunywa itabi. Kunywa itabi byuma izuru ryawe kandi bigatera allergie.
• Ambara ingofero zirinda umutwe niba ukora ibikorwa bishobora kwangiza isura yawe n'izuru ryawe.

Igisha umwana wawe kwirinda kuva amaraso mu mazuru no kudashyira ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu mazuru ye. Ni byiza kandi ko inzara ze ziba ngufi. Muganga w'abana ashobora kuguha inama zirambuye.

Ese ni ibisanzwe ko amaraso yipfundika iyo uvuye mu mazuru?

Yego. Uduce tw'amaraso ni uduce tw'amaraso twibasira umutsi w'amaraso wakomeretse. Iyo umutsi w'amaraso wangiritse, uduce tw'amaraso twibasira kugira ngo tuhagarike kuva amaraso menshi. Iyo ukanda izuru ryawe kugira ngo uhagarike kuva amaraso mu mazuru, utwo duce tw'amaraso dutangira kwibasira. Akenshi tuguma aho kugeza igihe udukuyemo cyangwa uhume izuru.

Kuki buri gihe njya numva amaraso mu mazuru?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma uva amaraso kenshi mu mazuru. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mazuru rimwe cyangwa byombi. Impamvu zikunze kugaragara ni izi:

• Gukoresha kenshi imiti igabanya ububabare mu mazuru ku bimenyetso by'ubwivumbure cyangwa ibicurane/kubyimba amazuru.
• Umuyaga w'aho utuye ni wumutse.
• Guhuha ibiyobyabwenge binyuze mu mazuru.

Ushobora kuba ugomba guhagarika gukoresha spray igihe runaka cyangwa burundu. Niba ukoresha iyi miti, vugana na muganga.

Ni gake cyane, kuva amaraso mu mazuru kenshi (epistaxis) bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara yo kuvura amaraso cyangwa indi ndwara ikomeye. Niba uva amaraso mu mazuru kenshi, gana muganga.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Epistaxis, cyangwa kuva amaraso mu mazuru, ni indwara isanzwe ariko iteye inkeke. Iyo umaze kumenya uburyo bwo guhagarika kuva amaraso mu mazuru vuba, ushobora kongera gukora ibyo wakoraga mbere yuko bitangira. Inshuro nyinshi za epistaxis ntabwo ari zikomeye. Ariko niba ukunda kuva amaraso mu mazuru cyangwa ufite ikibazo cyo kuvura amaraso, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga. Kwita ku buzima bwawe ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi.