Aldosterone ni iki? Reka turebe uburyo igira ingaruka ku muvuduko w'amaraso yawe!

Ese wigeze wumva Aldosterone? Ahari muganga wawe yabivuzeho, cyangwa wenda wigeze wumva izina ryayo iyo yavugaga ku muvuduko w'amaraso yawe. Mu by'ukuri ni imisemburo mito ariko y'ingenzi cyane mu mibiri yacu. Ifasha mu kugena urugero rwa sodium na potasiyumu mu mibiri yacu no kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso yacu. None se, reka tuganire kuri Aldosterone uyu munsi mu buryo bworoshye ushobora kumva, sibyo?

Aldosterone ni iki? Ituruka he?

Muri make, Aldosterone ni imisemburo ikorwa n'uturemangingo tw'inkende . Uzi utu turemangingo tw'inkende? Ni uturemangingo tubiri duto, dufite ishusho y'impandeshatu, tumeze nk'ingofero nto hejuru y'impyiko zawe. Ni bimwe mu bigize sisitemu yacu y'imisemburo . Utu turemangingo dukora imisemburo myinshi ifitiye akamaro umubiri wacu.

Imisemburo ni nk'intumwa z'imiti zihuza imikorere y'imibiri yacu. Zinyura mu maraso zikabwira ingingo, imitsi n'izindi ngingo icyo gukora n'igihe cyo kubikora.

Ubu, iyi misemburo , Aldosterone, igenzura urugero rwa sodium na potasiyumu mu maraso yawe. Iyi sodium na potasiyumu byitwa electrolytes . Iyi ni yo ifasha mu gutuma amazi yo mu mubiri aguma mu buryo buringaniye kandi igafasha imitsi n'imikaya gukora neza. Nanone, Aldosterone igenzura ingano y'amazi yongera kwinjiza mu mubiri impyiko. Ibi byongera ingano y'amaraso kandi bigira ingaruka ku muvuduko w'amaraso.

Rero, urugero rwa aldosterone rwawe rwaba ruri hasi cyangwa ruri hejuru, rushobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe.

Ni iyihe serivisi aldosterone itanga ku mubiri wacu?

Inshingano nyamukuru ya Aldosterone ni ukugufasha kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe. Ifasha muri iki gikorwa cy'ingenzi mu buryo butandukanye:

• Aldosterone imenyesha ingingo nk'impyiko n'amara ko yongera ingano ya sodiyumu mu maraso yawe cyangwa kongerera ingano ya potasiyumu isohoka mu nkari zawe.
• Iyo urugero rwa sodiyumu rwiyongereye muri ubu buryo, umubiri utangira kubika amazi, ibyo bigatuma amaraso yongera ingano.

Ibi byose ni ngombwa, iyo umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hasi, kugira ngo wongere ugere ku rwego rwiza.

Mu buryo butaziguye, aldosterone inafasha mu kubungabunga pH (ni ukuvuga aside-base balance) hamwe n'urugero rwa electrolyte mu maraso yawe.

Ni gute urugero rwa aldosterone rugenzurwa? Reka turebere hamwe!

Aldosterone ni igice cy’urusobe rw’imisemburo, enzymes, poroteyine, n’ibikorwa byitwa Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) . Ishinzwe cyane cyane kugenzura umuvuduko w’amaraso.

Tekereza ibi nk'intambwe ku yindi:

1. Ubwa mbere, iyo umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe ugabanutse , enzyme yitwa renin irarekurwa mu maraso yawe ivuye mu mpyiko zawe.

2. Iyi renin iragenda isesagura poroteyine yitwa angiotensinogen , ikorerwa mu mwijima wawe. Kimwe mu bice ni angiotensin I. Iyi ntabwo ikora icyo gihe, bivuze ko nta ngaruka nyinshi igira.

3. Hanyuma, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) iva mu bihaha byawe iraza igaca iyi Angiotensin I mo ibindi bice. Kimwe muri ibyo bice ni imisemburo ikora yitwa Angiotensin II .

4. Aha niho Angiotensin II ikora akazi k'ingenzi:

• Kimwe muri byo ni ukongera umuvuduko w'amaraso binyuze mu gutuma inkuta z'imitsi mito y'amaraso (arteriole) zigwa.
• Ikindi ni uko "bitanga ikimenyetso" ku misemburo y'inkende yawe kugira ngo irekure aldosterone.
• Binabwira ingirabuzimafatizo yawe ya pituitary kurekura imisemburo irwanya diuretike (ADH) , izwi kandi nka Vasopressin .

5. Bityo, Aldosterone na ADH bikorana kugira ngo bibwire impyiko kugumana sodium mu mubiri. Aldosterone ituma impyiko zisohora potasiyumu mu nkari. Iyo urugero rwa sodium mu maraso rwiyongereye, amazi aguma mu mubiri. Ibi byongera ingano y'amaraso n'umuvuduko w'amaraso.

Uku niko Sisitemu ya Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone yuzuzwa. Ese urabyumva?

Iyi sisitemu ishobora kandi gukoreshwa n'indi misemburo nka corticosteroids , estrogen, na hormones za tiroyide .

Iyo hari ikibazo ku gice icyo ari cyo cyose cy’iyi sisitemu, gishobora kugira ingaruka ku muvuduko w’amaraso yawe ndetse n’urugero rwa sodiyumu na potasiyumu. Ariko, ni ngombwa kwibuka ko hari n’ibindi bintu byinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku muvuduko w’amaraso yawe, nka cholesterol nyinshi, imiterere y’uturemangingo, n’imiti imwe n’imwe.

Ni gute wasuzuma urugero rwa aldosterone?

Ikizamini nyamukuru abaganga bakoresha kugira ngo barebe niba hari ibibazo bifitanye isano na aldosterone ni Aldosterone: Renin Ratio Test . Kubera ko renin na aldosterone bifitanye isano ya hafi, iki kizamini gishobora kumenya niba ikibazo ari ikibazo gusa ku ikorwa n'imikorere ya aldosterone, cyangwa niba hari ikibazo kuri sisitemu ya renin-angiotensin ubwayo.

Kuri iki gipimo cya Aldosterone: Renin Ratio, amaraso afatwa mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe.

Abaganga bashobora kandi gupima ingano ya aldosterone mu maraso yawe cyangwa mu nkari.

Hari igihe, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ko hakorwa ikizamini cyo gushyiramo catheter kugira ngo hakorwe amaraso mu mitsi yo mu mpyiko yawe (kuri renin) cyangwa mu mitsi yo mu ndurwe yawe (kuri aldosterone). Iki ni ikizamini gikorerwa mu bitaro n'inzobere mu by'imitsi ya radiyo yabyigiye.

Ni izihe ngero zisanzwe za aldosterone?

Igipimo gisanzwe cy’urugero rwa aldosterone gishobora gutandukana gato bitewe na laboratwari imwe n’indi. Rero, menya neza ko ureba ingano isanzwe kuri raporo ya laboratwari yawe, cyangwa ubaze muganga wawe niba ufite ikibazo ku bisubizo byawe.

Igipimo gisanzwe cy'urugero rwa aldosterone mu maraso kiratandukana bitewe n'imyaka. Muri rusange, igipimo gisanzwe ni iki gikurikira:

• Ku bana bato bafite hagati y'amezi 1 na 12: 5.8 – 110.0 nanogarama kuri desilita imwe (ng/dL)
• Ku bana bafite imyaka 1 kugeza kuri 5: < 36.0 ng/dL
• Ku bana bafite imyaka 6 kugeza kuri 9: < 24.0 ng/dL
• Ku bana bafite imyaka 10 kugeza kuri 11: < 15.0 ng/dL
• Ku bana bafite imyaka 12 kugeza kuri 14: < 22.0 ng/dL
• Ku rubyiruko ruri hagati y'imyaka 15 na 17: 3.0 – 32.0 ng/dL
• Abantu bakuru bafite imyaka 18 kugeza 99: 3.1 – 35.4 ng/dL

Iyo urebye urugero rwa aldosterone mu isuzuma ry'inkari ry'amasaha 24, ingano isanzwe iri hagati ya mikorogarama 3 - 25 mu masaha 24 (3 - 25 mcg / amasaha 24).

Bigenda bite iyo urugero rwa aldosterone rwiyongereye?

Iyo urugero rwa aldosterone ruri hejuru y’ibisanzwe, turwita hyperaldosteronism .

Impamvu nyamukuru ibitera ni indwara ya Primary Aldosteronism , izwi kandi nka Conn's syndrome . Iyi ndwara iterwa n'ikibyimba kitari kanseri (kidakunze kugaragara) gikunze kugaragara muri imwe mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'inkondo y'umura.Ibi bituma imvubura ikora aldosterone nyinshi kurusha uko bikwiye. Iyo urugero rwa aldosterone rwiyongereye, urugero rwa sodium ruriyongera ( hypernatremia ) naho urugero rwa potasiyumu rukagabanuka ( hypokalemia ). Ibi bishobora gutera ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi.

Ibimenyetso by'uko aldosterone irimo ubwinshi

Ku bijyanye na aldosteronism y’ibanze, ni ukuvuga iyo urugero rwa aldosterone ruri hejuru, ibimenyetso nka:

• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (Hypertension)
• Umutwe
• Intege nke z'imitsi , cyane cyane iyo urugero rwa potasiyumu ruri hasi cyane
• Inyota ikabije no kunyara kenshi

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga byihutirwa.

Bigenda bite iyo urugero rwa aldosterone rugabanutse?

Iyo urugero rwa aldosterone ruri hasi ugereranije n'ibisanzwe, turwita hypoaldosteronism . Ibi ni ukubura aldosterone, cyangwa imikorere yayo mibi. Iyo urugero rwa aldosterone ruri hasi, urugero rwa sodium ruragabanuka ( hyponatremia ), urugero rwa potasiyumu ruriyongera ( hyperkalemia ), kandi umubiri ukora aside nyinshi cyane ( metabolic acidosis ).

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutera hypoaldosteronism:

• Indwara ya Addison: Iyi ni indwara idasanzwe. Nanone yitwa Insufficiency Primary Adrenal . Ni indwara iterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri . Ibi bivuze ko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bwibasira igice cyo hanze (cortex) cy'uturemangingo tw'inkende. Imisemburo yombi ya aldosterone na cortisol ikorerwa aho. Ibi bituma urugero rw'imisemburo yombi rugabanuka.
• Indwara ya Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH): Iri ni itsinda ry'indwara ziterwa n'uturemangingo twibasira imisemburo y'inkende. Abantu bafite CAH bavuka bafite ikibazo cy'imisemburo imwe n'imwe ikenewe kugira ngo hakorwe imisemburo ikorwa n'imisemburo y'inkende.
• Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe: Abantu barwaye diyabete, indwara z'impyiko, uburozi bw'ibiyobyabwenge, cyangwa indwara zikomeye bashobora kurwara indwara yo kudakora aldosteronism.
• Imiti imwe n'imwe: Imiti igabanya ubushyuhe itari iya steroide (NSAIDs) , HeparinIyi ndwara ishobora guterwa n'imiti itangwa mu kuvura indwara z'umutima.

Ibimenyetso by'uko aldosterone iri hasi

Muri rusange, urugero rwo hasi rwa aldosterone (Hypoaldosteronism) rushobora gutera ibimenyetso nk'ibi bikurikira:

• Umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hasi (Hypotension)
• Intege nke z'imitsi
• Isesemi
• Umutima utera cyane
• Ugutera kw'umutima nabi (Arrhythmia)

Bitewe n'impamvu yateye hypoaldosteronism yawe, ushobora kugira ibindi bimenyetso. Urugero, mu ndwara ya Addison, urugero ruke rwa cortisol rushobora gutera impinduka mu ruhu (nk'utudomo twijimye n'imizingo y'uruhu) ndetse n'urugero ruke rw'isukari mu maraso ( hypoglycemia ).

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, hita ubonana na muganga wawe.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Aldosterone ni imisemburo y'ingenzi mu kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso. Niba ufite ingorane zo kugumana umuvuduko mwiza w'amaraso kandi ukaba ufite impinduka mu rugero rwa potasiyumu mu maraso yawe, ni byiza kuganira na muganga wawe ku bundi buryo bwo gucunga umuvuduko w'amaraso n'ibindi bipimo. Hanyuma ashobora gutumiza ibizamini kugira ngo arebe niba ibimenyetso byawe biterwa n'urugero rudasanzwe rwa aldosterone.

Ndizera ko aya makuru azagufasha! Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

Aldosterone , Aldosterone, Imisemburo, Umuvuduko w'amaraso, Impyiko z'impyiko, Sodiyumu, Potasiyumu