Ese ufite ibibazo mu nda cyangwa mu mara yawe? Reka tuvuge ku muganga w’indwara z’igifu!

Hari igihe tugira ibibazo bitandukanye byo mu nda. Tubabara mu nda, twumva tubyimbye, twumva tudashobora gusya ibiryo... Birababaza cyane iyo ibintu nk'ibi bikomeje kubaho, si byo se? None se, wari uzi ko hari umuganga w’inzobere mu ndwara zijyanye n’igogora? Uwo muganga yitwa inzobere mu by’igifu . Reka tubiganireho birambuye uyu munsi.

Ni nde muganga w’indwara zo mu nda?

Mu magambo make, umuganga w’indwara z’igifu ni umuganga wihariye mu ndwara z’igifu cyawe - ni ukuvuga ingingo zose zigize uruhare mu igogora. Babanza kwitoza nk’abaganga basanzwe. Nyuma y’imyaka itatu biga mu ishuri ry’ubuganga, babona ubunararibonye mu kuvura indwara z’ubwoko bwose. Hanyuma, kugira ngo babe umuganga w’indwara z’igifu, bagomba kwiga by’umwihariko indi myaka itatu. Amaherezo, bahabwa icyemezo cyihariye. Ibi ni byo bivuga ko ari inzobere mu ndwara z’igifu. Nanone, bafite impamyabumenyi zihariye zo gukora ibizamini bimwe na bimwe no kuvura abaganga basanzwe badakora, no gusobanukirwa ibisubizo by’ibyo bizamini n’ubuvuzi.

Ese hari inzobere mu bijyanye n'igogora ry'abana bato? (Umuganga w'indwara zo mu nda z'abana)

Yego, koko barahari. Tubita `(Abaganga b'abana bo mu nda)`. Aba baganga babanza guhugurwa nk'`(Abaganga b'abana)`. Hanyuma bahabwa indi myaka itatu y'amahugurwa yihariye mu bijyanye n'igogora. Bakunze kwibanda ku ndwara z'igogora n'umwijima w'impinja, abana bato, n'abana bato . Bita cyane cyane ku mirire y'abana. Aba bantu batojwe by'umwihariko kumenya ibimenyetso by'abana no gusuzuma imbere mu mibiri yabo mito.

Ni ibihe bice by'umubiri umuganga w'indwara z'igifu yibandaho?

Iyo wumvise iri zina – (Gastroenterologist) – 'Gastro' bivuga igifu , 'entero' bivuga amara . 'umuhanga mu by'igogora' bivuga inzobere. Rero, ahanini igifu n'amara. Ariko, sisitemu yacu y'igogora ni nini cyane kuruta iyo.

Tekereza nawe, iyi gahunda ihera mu kanwa iyo turya.

Hanyuma , umuhogo, umwobo, igifu , amara mato n'amara manini ni byo bigize.

Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo n'ingingo zikora imyuka ikora indyo yuzuye n'imisemburo ifasha mu gusya ibiryo nazo zirabigizemo uruhare.

• Umwijima
• Indwara y'indurwe (aho inyo iva mu mwijima ikusanyirizwa ikanabikwa)
• Pancreas
• Imiyoboro y'ibinure (imiyoboro itwara ibinure)

Bityo rero, inzobere mu ndwara zo mu gifu ireba indwara zigaragara muri izi ngingo zose .

Kuki tugomba kubonana na muganga w’indwara zo mu nda?

Ikibazo cyiza. Wenda ufite ibimenyetso by'igogora (urugero: kuribwa mu gifu, impiswi, kuribwa mu nda), ariko muganga wawe usanzwe ashobora kutabisuzuma, cyangwa imiti baguha ishobora kuba idakora. Muri icyo gihe, ni byiza kubonana n'inzobere.

Cyangwa, niba usanzwe uzi ko ufite ikibazo gikomeye cyo mu igogora (nk'indwara ya IBD), ni byiza kureba inzobere kugira ngo iguhe ubuvuzi bwiza.

Kubera ko aba baganga b'inzobere bahora bakora ubushakashatsi, ubushakashatsi, kandi bagapima ubwo bwoko bw'indwara, babasha kumenya neza indwara neza kandi vuba, kandi bakayivura nta ngorane nyinshi .

Ni izihe ndwara z'ingenzi abaganga b'indwara z'igifu bavura?

Hari indwara nyinshi. Reka turebe zimwe mu ndwara z'ingenzi.

Indwara zo mu gifu:

• Indwara y'imira iterwa n'uburakari (IBS), indwara itera impiswi cyangwa impatwe kenshi
• Indwara y'amara abyimba (IBD) (harimo indwara ya Crohn na Ulcerative Colitis)
• Indwara ya Celiac , ubwivumbure kuri poroteyine ya gluten iboneka mu ifu y'ingano
• Ubwinshi bw'udukoko two mu mara duto (SIBO)
• Allergie y'ibiryo no kutihanganira ibiryo bitandukanye
• Ibisebe byo mu gifu
• Diverticulitis ( udufuka duto twibasira amara manini hanyuma tukandura )
• Appendicitis (ibi akenshi bisaba kubagwa)
• Udukoko duto mu mara twitwa "Colorectal polyps" (ni ngombwa kubikuraho kuko bishobora guhinduka kanseri)
• Hemorrhoids

Indwara zo mu nda:

• Ingorane zo kumira
• Indwara yo kugarura umwuka mu gifu (GERD) ni indwara iterwa n'uko aside yo mu gifu izamuka mu muhogo (ibi twabyita kandi aside reflux).
• Esophagite
• Hernias yo mu nda ( igice cy'igifu kinyura mu gituza )

Indwara z'umwijima:

• Hepatite iterwa na virusi (urugero: hepatite B, C)
• Kwangirika k'umwijima bitewe n'uburozi (Hepatite y'uburozi)
• Indwara y'umwijima urimo ibinure byinshi
• Kurwara Cirrhosis ( gukomera k'umwijima )

Indwara z'impyiko, indwara z'inkari n'iz'agasabo:

• Amabuye y'ingirabuzima fatizo
• Kolecystite
• Pancreatite

Ni ibihe bimenyetso ukwiye kubwira umuganga w’indwara zo mu nda?

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, ni ngombwa cyane kubibwira inzobere:

• Ububabare bwo mu nda
• Inda yabyimbye
• Ibibazo by'igogora, kutaryoherwa n'igogora
• Ububabare bwa gaze na gaze
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Kuva amaraso mu maraso (ibi bishobora kuba umutuku cyangwa umukara)
• Impiswi (gusohoka mu mara kenshi)
• Kunyara cyangwa kugorana mu nda
• Kugabanya ibiro cyangwa kwiyongera ibiro mu buryo budasanzwe
• Kuribwa mu gifu (nk'uko bimeze muri GERD)
• Ibara ry'umuhondo ku ruhu no ku maso (Jaundice)

Ni iki umuganga w’indwara zo mu nda akora?

Ubwa mbere, umuganga azagusuzuma ku mubiri . Azagukorakora ku nda, agutege amatwi akoresheje umuyoboro, ndetse ashobora no kwinjiza urutoki mu ijosi ryawe (ikizamini cy’ijosi rya digitale).

Hanyuma, bashobora gutumiza ibizamini by'amaraso , ibizamini by'imyenge , cyangwa ibizamini byo hanze nka X-rays kugira ngo babone amakuru arambuye.

Ariko, niba ibi bizamini byonyine bidashobora gusuzuma neza indwara, abaganga b'indwara zo mu nda bahabwa amahugurwa yihariye yo gukora ibizamini byo mu nda .

Endoskopiya ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ibi bisaba gushyiramo umuyoboro muremure, woroshye kandi woroshye (witwa endoscope) ufite kamera ifatanye mu mubiri hanyuma ukareba neza ingingo z'imbere. Ibi bishobora gutanga amakuru menshi.

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi bw'ibizamini bya endoskopi:

• Isuzuma rya endoscope yo hejuru (EGD): Ibi bikubiyemo gusuzuma umwobo, igifu, n'igice cya mbere cy'amara mato (duodenum) hifashishijwe umuyoboro unyuze mu kanwa.
• Isuzuma ry'amara mato (`Enteroscopy`): Iri suzuma rikoreshwa mu kureba amara mato yose.
• Colonoscopy: Abantu benshi bumvise ibi. Umuyoboro winjizwa mu kibuno hanyuma amara manini yose (inkondo y'umura) agasuzumwa.
• Ultrasound ya Endoscopic: Igice gito cy'imashini ya ultrasound gifatanye n'impera ya endoscope maze ingingo z'imbere mu mubiri (cyane cyane agasabo k'inkari na pancreas) zirasuzumwa.
• ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography): Iki ni ikizamini kigoranye gato. Gikorwa nk'ikizamini cyo hejuru cya endoscopy, hanyuma ibikoresho byihariye bishyirwa mu miyoboro y'inkondo y'umura n'imiyoboro ya pancreas hanyuma hagafatwa X-ray.
• Gukuraho ibice bito (polyps) mu gifu cyangwa mu mara mu gihe cyo gupima intanga.

Ibipimo bya endoskopi ntibifasha gusa kumenya neza indwara iyo ari yo, ahubwo bifite n'izindi nyungu. Muganga ashobora kohereza ibikoresho bito binyuze muri endoskopi agafata ingero z'uturemangingo (biopsies) akabyohereza muri laboratwari. Bashobora kandi gukora ubuvuzi buto . Urugero, bashobora kwagura ahantu hafunze, guhagarika kuva amaraso, cyangwa gukuraho ibibyimba bito mbere yo kubagwa. Kenshi na kenshi, bishobora gukorwa ako kanya.

Ese abaganga b'indwara zo mu nda nabo bavura kanseri?

Yego, akenshi, umuganga w’indwara z’igifu ni we ubanza gusuzuma kanseri mu buryo bw’igogora (nk’igifu, amara, umwobo, umwijima, pancreas, n’agasabo k’inkari). Bashobora gukoresha endoscope na biopsy kugira ngo bamenye ibibyimba bya kanseri kandi bafate ibizamini kugira ngo bemeze ko bayirwaye.

Iyo kanseri yemejwe, hashobora gukorwa ibindi bipimo byo mu ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo harebwe aho yakwirakwiriye (byitwa `staging`).

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, abaganga b'indwara z'igifu bashobora gukuraho ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri binyuze mu imashini (endoscope) cyangwa bakayirimbura bakoresheje imirasire ya laser.

Ubwoko bwa kanseri bafitanye isano cyane cyane ni:

• Kanseri y'igifu
• Kanseri y'inkondo y'umura
• Kanseri yo mu nda
• Kanseri y'umwijima
• Kanseri y'impyiko
• Kanseri y'umusatsi
• Kanseri y'imiyoboro y'amaraso

Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo umuntu ufite ubundi bwoko bwa kanseri ashobora no gukenera ubufasha bwa muganga w’indwara z’igifu kugira ngo arebe niba kanseri yarakwirakwiriye mu buryo bw’igogora, cyangwa kugira ngo acunge ingaruka mbi zo kuvura kanseri (urugero: `(Chimiotherapie)`, `(Radiation therapy)`) zigira ingaruka ku buryo bw’igogora (urugero: ibisebe byo mu kanwa/mu mara `(Mucositis)`, `(Radiation enteritis)`, isesemi, kuruka, impiswi, impatwe, kubura imirire myiza).

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'inzobere mu ndwara zo mu nda n'inzobere mu ndwara zo mu nda?

Ikibazo cyiza. Ijambo "proctologist" ntirikunze gukoreshwa muri iki gihe. Ahubwo, ijambo " umuganga w'inzobere mu kubaga amenyo" ni ryo rikunze kumvikana cyane.

Mu magambo make, "Proctologist" cyangwa "inzobere mu kubaga amenyo y'urura rurerure" ni abaganga babaga . Batojwe by'umwihariko kubaga indwara zo mu mara, mu nda no mu kibuno. Bamara imyaka itanu mu kubaga muri rusange nyuma yo kwiga ubuganga, hanyuma bagahabwa amahugurwa yihariye mu gace k'amaraso y'urura rurerure.

Ariko, umuganga w’indwara zo mu nda ni inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi, si umuganga ubaga . Akazi ke ka mbere ni ugusuzuma indwara, kuzivura akoresheje imiti, no gukora ibizamini nka endoscopi.

Umuganga w’indwara z’igifu ashobora kukubwira niba ukeneye kubagwa cyangwa utabikeneye. Ariko ntabwo abaga. Akohereza kwa muganga w’indwara z’igifu. Iri ni ryo tandukaniro rikomeye.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Sisitemu yacu y'igogora ni sisitemu igoye kandi ifitanye isano y'ingingo. Ni inzira ihoraho yo gusenya ibiryo turya, kunyunyuza intungamubiri dukeneye, no kwirukana imyanda. Rero, niba hari ikintu kitagenda neza muri iyi sisitemu, imibiri yacu izabyumva.

Ibibazo byo mu nda no mu gifu ni ibintu bikunze kugaragara. Ariko ntabwo byoroshye kumenya neza icyabitera. Icyo gihe ni bwo ukeneye ubufasha bw'inzobere. Inzobere mu by'igifu ishobora gusobanukirwa uburyo izi ngingo zose zikorana, ikamenya neza ikibazo cy'igogora ryawe, ikaguha ubuvuzi ukeneye.

Bityo rero, niba urwaye igifu kidashira cyangwa ufite ibibazo byo mu gifu, ntutinye kujya kwa muganga w’indwara z’igifu kuko bishobora kuguha ihumure rikomeye.

` Igogora ry'igifu, inzobere mu ndwara z'igifu, indwara zo mu gifu, endoskopiya, colonoscopy, umwijima, igifu