Iyo imvura iguye gake, iyo ukoze ku mukungugu muto, cyangwa iyo uriye ikintu, utangira kwitsamura ubudatuza, amazi akaza mu mazuru yawe nk'umuyoboro? Ese amaso yawe aratukura kandi ararya? Ese izuru ryawe ryazibye kandi biragoye guhumeka? Ibi ni ibimenyetso birakaza bya 'allergies' twese tuzi. Mu bihe nk'ibi, benshi muri twe tumenyereye kujya muri farumasi gusaba imiti. Ariko benshi muri twe ntituzi ko hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'imiti ivura iyi allergie. Si yose ikora kimwe. Rero, uyu munsi turaganira kuri iyi miti ivura allergie , itandukaniro riri hagati yayo, n'uburyo bwo guhitamo umuti ujyanye neza n'ibimenyetso byawe.
Ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'imiti ivura allergie
Muri make, imiti ibiri ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura indwara ziterwa n'ubwivumbure ni imiti igabanya ububabare bw'umubiri (antihistamines) n'imiti igabanya ububabare bw'umubiri (decongestants) . Iyi miti ishobora kudakiza burundu indwara ziterwa n'ubwivumbure bw'umubiri. Ariko, ishobora kugabanya vuba ibimenyetso bibabaza nko kuva mu mazuru no kuziba izuru. Iyi miti iboneka mu buryo butandukanye.
- Ibinini
- Ibinyobwa
- Indabyo zo mu mazuru
- Ibitonyanga by'amaso
- Udukoresho two guhumeka
- Amavuta yo kwisiga ku ruhu
- Inshinge
Noneho reka turebere hamwe ubwo bwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'imiti ukwabwo.
"Antihistamines" ni iki?
Tekereza, iyo ikintu tudakunda, nk'umukungugu cyangwa impongo, cyinjiye mu mubiri wacu (allergen), ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri burahungabana bugasohora ikintu cyitwa "histamine." Iyi histamine ni yo itera amaso asharira, izuru riva, kwitsamura, no kurwara uduheri ku ruhu.
Icyo umuti urwanya asideriste ukora ni ukubuza histamine yo mu bwoko bwa messenger guhuza n'uturemangingo tw'umubiri wacu. Ni nko gufunga urugi. Hanyuma ibyo bimenyetso by'uburwayi biragabanuka.
Iyi miti igira akamaro cyane iyo uyifashe mbere yuko ibimenyetso bya allergie bitangira, kuko byoroshye kugenzura ingano ya histamine mu mubiri. Niba ukunze kugira allergie, ganira na muganga wawe kuri iyo miti kandi umubaze niba byaba byiza utangiye gufata umuti ibyumweru bibiri mbere yuko ibimenyetso bya allergie bitangira.
Antihistamine nazo zigabanyijemo ibice bibiri.
| Ubwoko bwa Antihistamine | Umwihariko | Ingero zikunze gukoreshwa |
|---|---|---|
| Igisata cya mbere | Ibi bishobora gutera gusinzira cyane kuko byoroshye kuva mu maraso kugera mu bwonko. Irinde kubifata niba utwaye imodoka cyangwa ukoresha imashini. | Chlorpheniramine (Piriton), Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), Clemastine (Tavist) |
| Itsinda rya Kabiri | Ibi ntibikunze gutera gusinzira kuko bijya mu bwonko gake, bigatuma byoroha kubikoresha ndetse no ku manywa. | Cetirizine (Zyrtec), Loratadine (Claritin), Fexofenadine (Allegra), Desloratadine (Clarinex) |
"Imiti igabanya ububabare" ni iki?
Ijambo "decongestant" risobanura "kugabanya kubyimba." Iyo dufite allergie cyangwa ibicurane, imiyoboro mito y'amaraso iri mu mazuru yacu irabyimba. Ni bwo amazuru yacu arushaho kubyimba.
Imiti igabanya ububabare bw'amaraso ikora mu kugabanya iyi mitsi y'amaraso yabyimbye. Ibi bitanga umwanya mu mazuru, bigabanya kuziba kw'amazuru, kandi bikoroshya guhumeka. Iyi miti iboneka nk'ibinini, ibinyobwa, n'imiti ikoreshwa mu mazuru.
Icy'ingenzi cyane: Imiti igabanya ububabare bw'amaraso ntikwiriye buri wese. Ishobora kuba idakwiriye abantu bafite indwara nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, indwara z'umutima, glaucoma, cyangwa hyperthyroidism . Kubwibyo, banza uganire na muganga wawe mbere yo gufata iyi miti.
Ikintu kidasanzwe ku bijyanye no gusukura amazuru kugira ngo umuntu afungure indwara
Ugomba kwitonda cyane mu gihe ukoresha imiti igabanya ububabare mu mazuru. Nubwo ishobora kugufasha vuba, ntugomba kuyikoresha iminsi irenga itatu icyarimwe.
Iyo ukomeje kuyikoresha, ushobora kugira ikibazo cyitwa "rebound reaction." Ibi bivuze ko nyuma yo guhagarika gukoresha umuti, izuru ryawe rizatangira kuzura kurusha mbere. Rero ibuka gukoresha spray nk'iyi gusa mu gihe kitarenze iminsi 3.
Imiti n'uburyo bwo kuvura bufite imbaraga nyinshi
Hari igihe, allergie ishobora kugorana kuyirwanya ukoresheje imiti isanzwe ya antihistamine cyangwa imiti igabanya ububabare. Muri ibyo bihe, muganga ashobora kukugira inama y'ubundi buryo bwo kuvura.
Corticosteroids (ubwoko bwa steroid)
Iyi ni imiti ikomeye igabanya ububyimbirwe buterwa n'ubwivumbure. Ifasha cyane abantu bakunze kugira ubwivumbure n'izuru. Iza mu buryo butandukanye, harimo n'ibinini byo mu mazuru (urugero: Fluticasone, Mometasone), imiti ihumeka, n'ibinini. Iyo ukoresheje imiti yo mu mazuru ya steroid, bishobora gufata iminsi mike cyangwa icyumweru kugira ngo ubone ingaruka zose. Bityo rero ni ngombwa kwihangana no gukomeza kuyikoresha.
Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura
- Inkoni zo gutera allergy (Allergen Immunotherapy): Iyi ishobora kuba igisubizo cyiza ku bantu bafite allergy umwaka wose kandi badahabwa imiti myinshi. Icyo ukora ni ukubaha urukurikirane rw'inkoni nto cyane z'imisemburo mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, umubiri wawe umenyera iyo ndwara maze allergy ikagenda.
- Ibitera imbaraga mu mikorere y'uturemangingo twa Mast Cell Stabilizers: Ibi bihagarika imikorere y'uturemangingo twa mast, dusohora histamine.
- Inhibitors za Leukotriene: Leukotrienes ni ubundi bwoko bw'imiti itera allergies, nka histamine. Iyi miti ikora mu kubuza imikorere yayo. Montelukast (Singulair) ni urugero rukunze gukoreshwa.
- Inkoni zo mu bwoko bwa Epinephrine mu gihe cy’impanuka: Izi nkoni zikoreshwa ku bantu bafite ikibazo gikomeye cy’ubwivumbure cyitwa anaphylaxis , gishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Niba ufite ikibazo gikomeye cy’ubwivumbure, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gutwara inshinge nk’iyi.
Vugana na muganga wawe mbere yo guhitamo umuti.
Nubwo imwe muri iyi miti ishobora kugurwa muri farumasi nta muganga wanditse, ni ngombwa cyane guhitamo umuti ukwiriye ibimenyetso byawe.
Cyane cyane niba ufite izindi ndwara nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, indwara z'umutima, diyabete, cyangwa ibibazo bya prostate , ugomba kugisha inama muganga wawe mbere yo gufata imiti nk'imiti igabanya ububabare.Vugana na muganga w'umuryango wawe. Azagusaba imiti yizewe kandi ikwiye ku buzima bwawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Antihistamines ni ubwoko bw'imiti ibuza imiti yitwa histamine kandi ikagabanya ibimenyetso nko kwitsamura, kuva amazi mu mazuru no kubyimbirwa.
- Imiti igabanya ububabare bw'izuru ni ubwoko bw'imiti ifasha kugabanya imitsi y'amaraso mu mazuru, ikagabanya kuziba kw'izuru.
- Imiti ishaje yo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge (iy’isekuruza rya mbere) ishobora gutera gusinzira cyane. Ubwoko bushya (iy’isekuruza rya kabiri) ntibukunze gutera gusinzira cyane.
- Irinde gukoresha imiti igabanya ububabare mu mazuru mu gihe kirenze iminsi 3 yikurikiranya.
- Niba ufite izindi ndwara, nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso cyangwa indwara z'umutima, banza uganire na muganga wawe mbere yo gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose ijyanye n'ubwivumbure.
- Niba allergie yawe idakemuwe n'imiti isanzwe, reba muganga wawe kugira ngo akubwire imiti ya corticosteroids cyangwa ubundi buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura.
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