Ese umwana wawe muto ntavuga inyuguti n'amagambo neza iyo avuga? Ese hari igihe bikugora kumva ibyo avuga? Nubwo ibintu nk'ibyo ari ibisanzwe mu bwana, iyo iki kibazo gikomeje ndetse na nyuma y'imyaka runaka, ugomba kugikorera ubushakashatsi. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri iyo ndwara, ni ukuvuga kugorwa no kuvuga amajwi neza mu gihe avuga, cyangwa mu buryo bw'ubuvuzi, (Articulation Disorder) .

Indwara yo kuvuga mu buryo bw'imyandikire ni iki?

Mu magambo make, iyo abana bato bageze ku myaka 4 cyangwa 5, akenshi biga kuvuga neza amajwi hafi ya yose. Tekereza kuri ubu buryo: bavuga amagambo nka 'mama', 'dada', na 'umupira' neza cyane. Ariko bamwe mu bana, ndetse na nyuma y'ibyo, ni ukuvuga iyo bari hafi kujya ku ishuri, bagira ingorane zo kuvuga neza amagambo. Iyo ibyo bibaye, tubyita 'indwara yo kuvuga'. Ubwoko bumwe bw'iyi 'indwara yo kuvuga' ni icyo twita 'indwara yo kuvuga'. Iki ni cyo gihe umwana agira ingorane zo kuvuga amajwi amwe n'amwe .

Noneho, reba, `(Articulate)` ni inzira dukoresha kugira ngo tuvumbure amajwi, inyuguti, n'amagambo. Kimwe na moteri y'imodoka, umunwa wacu, ururimi, iminwa, amenyo, n'akanwa byose bigomba gukorana kugira ngo bivuge. Umwana ufite `(Articulate Disorder)` ashobora kudashobora kuvuga amajwi amwe neza, cyangwa ashobora kuvuga ayo majwi nabi. Tekereza nawe, bamwe mu bana bavuga inyuguti 's' nka 'th' ('inkweto' aho kuvuga 'thapattu'), cyangwa bakavuga 'ya' aho kuvuga 'ra' ('karek' aho kuvuga 'kayake'). Kubera iyo mpamvu, bishobora kugora abandi kumva icyo umwana avuga. Si ibyo gusa, ibi bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku mibanire y'umwana n'abandi, imyigire ye, cyane cyane akazi k'ishuri.

Iyi ndwara rimwe na rimwe yitwa ``Indwara yo kuvuga mu buryo bw'imikorere`` cyangwa ``Gutinda kuvuga neza``. Ni ukuvuga ko hari ikibazo cyangwa gutinda mu mikorere y'imvugo.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'iyi (Articulation Disorder) na (Phoneological Disorder)?

Nubwo `(Articulation Disorder)` na `(Phoneological Disorder)` bisa nkaho bisa cyane, ibi byombi mu by'ukuri biratandukanye. Kubwibyo, biroroshye kubivanga. Ariko ni ingenzi cyane gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati y'ibi byombi. Kuko, uburyo bwo kuvura byombi buratandukanye.

Noneho, ikibazo ku bana bafite ikibazo cyo kuvuga ni imikorere y'imitsi isabwa kugira ngo habeho amajwi amwe n'amwe.Ingorane. Ni ukuvuga ko badashobora guhuza neza iminwa yabo, ururimi, amenyo, akanwa, ndetse n'umwuka uva mu bihaha byabo kugira ngo bakore amajwi amwe. Bashobora guhindura amajwi cyangwa bagasimbuza andi majwi badashobora kuvuga. Urugero, mu ijambo ry'Icyongereza 'tekereza', ntibashobora gutanga ijwi rya 'th' (nka '' muri Sinhala) kandi bahora bakoresha ijwi rya 'f' (nka '' muri Sinhala). Hanyuma 'tekereza' bisa nka 'fink'.

Ariko, muri `(Indwara y'Imvugo)`, hari ikindi kintu kibaho. Aha, umwana ashobora kuba ashobora gutanga amajwi yihariye neza. Ni ukuvuga ko, iyo umusabye kuvuga inyuguti 'the' yonyine, azayivuga neza. Ariko, muri `(Indwara y'Imvugo)`, ntashobora guhuza ayo majwi neza no kuyavuga mu magambo. Urugero, nubwo umwana wawe ashobora kuvuga ijwi 'the' yonyine, iyo agerageje kuvuga ijambo 'urugi', ashobora kurivuga nka 'gora'. Cyangwa, ashobora kutavuga inyuguti ku iherezo ry'ijambo.

Icy'ingenzi ni uko umwana wawe ashobora kugira izi ndwara zombi icyarimwe. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kugira inzobere imusuzuma neza.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara iyi ndwara (Articulation Disorder)?

Iyi ndwara, yitwa "Articulation Disorder," ikunze kugaragara mu bwana . Iyo idavuwe neza, ishobora gukomeza kugeza ikuze. Ariko, iyo umuntu mukuru agize ikibazo gishya cy'amajwi mu kuvuga, impamvu igomba kuba ikindi kintu (urugero, imvune yo mu bwonko cyangwa indwara yo gucika imitsi).

Nubwo impamvu nyayo itazwi, iyi '(Articulation Disorder)' ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bahungu kurusha abakobwa. Nanone, niba umubyeyi yagize ibibazo mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa kubyara, umwana aba afite amahirwe menshi yo kugira ikibazo cyo kuvuga. Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wigeze kugira iki kibazo mbere, ni ukuvuga niba hari amateka y'umuryango, umwana na we aba afite amahirwe menshi yo kugira iki kibazo.

Indwara z'amajwi zikunze kugaragara mu rugero rungana iki?

Indwara zo mu rujijo mu by’ukuri zikunze kugaragara cyane . Imibare igaragaza ko iki kibazo kigira ingaruka ku bana bari hagati ya 8% na 9% . Ibyo bivuze ko abana 8 cyangwa 9 kuri buri 100 bashobora kugira iki kibazo.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera indwara yo kuvuga mu buryo bw'imyakura?

Mu by’ukuri, impamvu nyayo ya `(Articulation Disorder)` ntiraboneka . Iki ni ikibazo ababyeyi benshi bibaza. "Kuki ibi byabaye ku mwana wacu gusa?" Ariko ibi ntibivuze ko hari ikibazo kiri mu bwonko bw'umwana wawe, mu mitsi, mu minwa, mu rurimi, mu menyo, mu rwasaya, mu bihaha, cyangwa mu buryo bwo kumva (ubushobozi bwo kumva). Ni ukuvuga ko umwana ashobora kuba muzima mu bindi bintu byose .

Ariko, hari ubundi bwoko bw'indwara zo kuvuga. Zishobora kugira impamvu. Urugero, indwara zikomoka ku miterere y'umubiri, iz'imikurire, cyangwa izikomoka ku zindi ndwara. Izi ndwara ziterwa n'izindi ndwara. Tekereza ku miterere y'uturemangingo mu kanwa (nk'akanwa kacitse) cyangwa ubumuga bwo kutumva. Ariko, nta mpamvu igaragara itera indwara yo kuvuga.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara yo kuvuga mu buryo bw'amajwi? Ubimenya ute?

Umwana ufite `(Articulation Disorder)` ashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kumva icyo avuga. Agaragaza ahanini ubwoko bumwe cyangwa bwinshi bw'ikosa. Reka turebe ayo ari yo:

• Kongeramo: Kongeramo amajwi cyangwa inyuguti zitari iz'amagambo. Urugero, ijambo ry'Icyongereza 'play' rivugwa nka 'puh-lay'. Mu Gisinhala, 'bole' rivugwa nka 'bo-hole' hamwe n'ijwi ry'inyongera.
• Kugoreka: Guhindura uburyo ijwi rivugwa. Ibi rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba nk'ijwi rituje (urugero: 'sa' rimeze nka 'tha', 'sini' rimeze nka 'theeni').
• Gusiba: Amajwi amwe akurwa burundu mu mvugo. Urugero, iyo havuzwe 'ishuri', ijwi rya 'sc' rirakurwaho rigasobanurwa nka 'ool'. Mu rurimi rwa Sinhala, 'ishuri' riravugwa nka 'kole'.
• Gusimbuza: Gusimbuza ijwi rimwe buri gihe irindi. Urugero, gukoresha ijwi 's' aho gukoresha ijwi 'th', cyangwa gukoresha ijwi 'wa' aho gukoresha 'ra' ('rata' ni nka 'vata').

Niba umwana wawe afite ikibazo cy'amarangamutima bitewe n'iyi "Articulate Disorder", ashobora no kugaragaza imyitwarire imwe n'imwe. Tekereza kuri ibi:

• Ntibakunda gusoma ibitabo mu ijwi riranguruye cyangwa kuvugana n'abandi.
• Guceceka, cyangwa gukora isoni zirenze urugero .
• Iyo uvuga, urarakara , wenda ndetse ukanarakara.
• Amagambo amwe arahagarara burundu .
• Ibibazo bivuka bitewe no kwigirira icyizere no kwihesha agaciro .

Wamenya ute ko ufite ikibazo cyo kuvuga neza? (Isuzuma)

Niba utekereza ko umwana wawe afite ikibazo cyo kuvuga, muganga w’umuryango wawe cyangwa umuganga w’abana azabanza kumukorera ikizamini cy’umubiri . Bazakora kandi ikizamini cyo kumva . Ibi bizamini bikoreshwa mu gukuraho izindi ndwara, cyane cyane kubura amatwi. Kuko niba utumva neza, ntushobora kuvuga amagambo neza.

Iyo bigaragaye ko ikibazo cyo kuvuga kitatewe n'impamvu z'uburwayi, muganga wawe azakohereza kwa muganga w'indwara z'ururimi rw'imivugire (SLP).Umuntu uzwi nka SLP ni umuntu wibanda ku bibazo byo kuvuga, ururimi, n'itumanaho. Mu by'ukuri, bameze nk'umuganga wibanda ku kuvuga.

Iyo uhuye na SLP, bazasuzuma umwana wawe mu buryo butandukanye:

• Umwana asabwa kuvuga amajwi amwe n'amwe n'amagambo yihariye.
• Mu gihe ukina n'umwana, uganira na we, kandi ugasuzuma imvugo ye mu biganiro bisanzwe.
• Isuzumabumenyi risanzwe rikorwa. Ibi ni ibizamini byabugenewe.
• Amateka y'ubuzima bw'umwana, nko kuvuka imburagihe n'indwara zo mu matwi zabayeho mbere, arasuzumwa.
• Aganira niba hari umuntu mu muryango wigeze kugira ikibazo cyo kuvuga.
• Imiterere y'akanwa, nk'amenyo n'akanwa, iragenzurwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose gishobora kugira ingaruka kuri iyi ndwara.
• Imivugire y'umwana n'imvugo ye birafatwa nk'aho ari byo.
• Reba uko umunwa w'umwana, ururimi rwe n'iminwa ye bigenda mu gihe avuga.

Hakoreshejwe ibi bipimo byo gusuzuma no gusuzuma, SLP ishobora kumenya niba umuntu afite Indwara yo Kuvuga, Indwara y'Ijwi, cyangwa indi ndwara yo kuvuga.

Bashobora kandi gushyira ubukana bw'iyi `(Articulation Disorder)` mu byiciro, kuva kuri ``yoroshye`` kugeza kuri ``ikomeye``. Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gupima ubu bukana:

• Ni mu rugero rungana iki umwana ashobora kumva imvugo ye?
• Urugero, igipimo cy'imibare kuva kuri 1 kugeza kuri 10.
• Ijanisha ry'inyuguti z'amajwi zivugwa neza.

Ni gute wavura indwara yo kuvuga mu buryo bw'amajwi?

Kugira ngo umwana wawe avurwe indwara yo kwangirika kw'imitsi, SLP y'umwana wawe ishobora kumusaba uburyo bwo kuvura indwara yo kuvuga . Ubu ni bwo buryo busanzwe kandi bufite akamaro. Umwana wawe azakorana na SLP mu mivugire ye mu nama zisanzwe (rimwe cyangwa kabiri mu cyumweru). Azahabwa kandi imyitozo n'ibikorwa byo gukora mu rugo. Inkunga yawe nk'umubyeyi ni ingenzi cyane hano.

Mu gihe cyo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe, SLP y'umwana ifasha umwana ikoresheje imyitozo n'imyitozo itandukanye. Ibi bikorwa mu buryo bw'umukino, mu buryo umwana yishimira:

• Menya amajwi adashobora kuvuga.
• Kosora uburyo utanga iryo jwi (uburyo ushyira umunwa wawe, ururimi rwawe, n'iminwa yawe).
• Ongera wige uburyo bwo kugenzura ibice by'imivugire (urugero, uburyo bwo kwimura ururimi neza, uburyo bwo gukoresha iminwa neza).
• Komeza imitsi ikoreshwa mu kuvuga.
• Itoze gukora amajwi no kuvuga amagambo mu rugo.

Ese indwara yo kuvuga nabi ishobora kwirindwa?

Mu by’ukuri nta buryo bwihariye bwo kwirinda indwara yo kwangirika kw’amajwi buhari. Kuko nkuko twabivuze mbere, nta mpamvu yihariye yabonetse ibi. Ariko,Kuvurwa hakiri kare bishobora gukumira ikibazo cyo kuvuga kidakomeza kwiyongera cyangwa ngo bigire ingaruka ku myigire n'imibanire y'abantu. Kubwibyo, niba ubonye impinduka cyangwa akajagari mu mivugire y'umwana wawe, ni byiza kumwisuzumisha.

Ese ejo hazaza hazaba hameze hate ku mwana ufite ikibazo cyo kuvuga amagambo?

Iki ni kimwe mu bintu ababyeyi benshi batinya cyane. Batekereza ibintu nk'ibi ngo “Ese umwana wacu ntazigera ashobora kuvuga neza?” “Ese azasigara ku ishuri?”

Ariko ukuri ni uko, iyo bigaragaye hakiri kare kandi ubuvuzi bugatangira neza (Speech Therapy), ibibazo byo kuvuga bishobora kwirindwa kugira ngo bitarushaho kwiyongera kandi ingaruka ku myigire n'imibanire myiza zishobora kugabanuka.

Umwana ufite ikibazo cyo kuvuga neza ashobora kwiga kuvuga neza . Abana benshi batangira kuvuga neza iyo bavuwe. Ariko, mu bihe bikomeye cyane , hashobora kuba ngombwa ko habaho uburyo bwo kuvura mu gihe kirekire. Bifata igihe, ariko birakora.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ufite impungenge ku bijyanye n'uburyo umwana wawe avuga cyangwa akoresha itumanaho, ntukabihishe. Vugana na muganga w'umuryango wawe cyangwa muganga w'abana. Witondere cyane cyane niba umwana wawe akoze kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Niba ugaragaza ibibazo by'imyitwarire bifitanye isano no kuvuga (urugero: gutinya kuvuga, kutavugisha abandi).
• Ndetse na nyuma y'imyaka 4 cyangwa 5, hari amajwi adasobanurwa neza, kandi amagambo ntasobanuke neza.
• Niba uhagaritse kuvuga amajwi cyangwa amagambo runaka wavugaga neza.

Mu magambo make, umwana ufite ikibazo cyo kuvuga afite ingorane zo kuvuga amajwi amwe n'amwe. Niba umwana wawe afite imyaka 4 cyangwa 5 kandi akaba atabasha kuvuga amajwi amwe neza, cyangwa niba wowe cyangwa abandi mufite ikibazo cyo kumva icyo avuga, menya neza ko wavuganye n'umuganga w'abana cyangwa umuganga w'umuryango. Bashobora kumenya niba hari ikibazo cy'uburwayi cyangwa niba hakenewe koherezwa kwa muganga w'indwara z'imivugire n'indimi (SLP) kugira ngo avurwe neza.

Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka muri iyi nkuru (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Noneho rero, dore bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka mu byo twavuze:

• Indwara yo kuvuga mu buryo bw'amajwi ni indwara abana bato badashobora kuvuga neza amajwi amwe n'amwe. Si indwara, ahubwo ni ikintu gishobora gukosorwa hakoreshejwe amahugurwa n'ubuvuzi .
• Niba umwana wawe atarabasha kuvuga neza afite imyaka 4-5, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga . Uko umwana abimenye kare, niko byoroha kuvura neza.
• Indwara yo kuvuga amagambo n'indwara y'amajwi ni ibintu bibiri bitandukanye. None se ikibazo ni ikihe mu by'ukuri?Ni ngombwa gusuzuma indwara hakoreshejwe umuhanga mu by’imivugire (SLP).
• Gutangira kuvurwa hakiri kare, ni ukuvuga kuvura indwara zo kuvuga, bishobora gufasha cyane umwana wawe kwiga kuvuga neza. Bishobora kandi kugabanya ingaruka ku kazi ke ko ku ishuri, gukina n'inshuti, no kwigirira icyizere.
• Nubwo impamvu nyayo y'iki kibazo itaraboneka, hari uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura . Ntugahangayike rero. Umwana wawe ashobora gufashwa.

Igikuru ni uko utari wenyine. Abaganga n'abaganga b'indwara z'imivugire n'indimi (SLPs) bariho kugira ngo bagufashe wowe n'umwana wawe. Bityo rero, vugana nabo ku bibazo byose, ubwoba, cyangwa impungenge ushobora kuba ufite. Inseko nziza y'umwana wawe n'imvugo ye isobanutse neza ni ingenzi kuri twe!

Indwara zo kuvuga, Indwara yo kuvuga, Imvugo y'abana, Imivugire, Ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga, SLP, Ubuzima bw'umwana