Twese tujya mu bitaro, mu kigo cyita ku ndwara, cyangwa mu ivuriro kugira ngo tubone ubuvuzi bw'indwara. Ariko tekereza, byagenda bite turamutse tugiye kwivuza hanyuma tukarwara indi ndwara yiyongera kuri iyo ndwara? Biragoye cyane kubyiyumvisha. Ariko rimwe na rimwe bishobora kubaho. Uko ni ko twita " Indwara zifitanye isano n'ubuvuzi " (HAIs) indwara twandura mu gihe tuvurirwa mu kigo cy'ubuvuzi.
Ni iki mu by'ukuri izi ndwara ziterwa n'ibitaro (HAIs)?
Muri make, indwara iyo ari yo yose wandujwe n’ibitaro, kubagwa, cyangwa ivuriro kugira ngo uvurwe indi ndwara iri muri iki cyiciro. Izi ndwara rimwe na rimwe zishobora kuba indwara nto, ariko rimwe na rimwe zishobora gutera indwara zikomeye zishobora no gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.
Muri rusange, kugira ngo ubwandu bufatwe nk'ubwandu buterwa n'ibitaro, ibi bikurikira bigomba kubahirizwa:
- Kumenya ubwandu mu masaha 48 uhereye igihe umuntu yakiriwe mu bitaro.
- Kwandura mu minsi 3 uhereye igihe waviriye mu bitaro.
- Kwandura indwara mu minsi 30 nyuma yo kubagwa.
Impamvu nyamukuru y’izi ndwara ni mikorobe . Ni ukuvuga mikorobe nka bagiteri , virusi , n’ibihumyo . Mu by’ukuri, nyinshi muri izi ndwara zishobora kwirindwa. Ibi bisaba ubufatanye hagati y’abakozi b’ibitaro, abarwayi, n’imiryango yabo.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indwara zikunze kugaragara mu bitaro?
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'indwara zishobora kugaragara mu bitaro. Reka turebe izikuru. Nazishyize mu mbonerahamwe nk'iyi kugira ngo zorohere kubyumva.
| Ubwoko bw'ubwandu | Mu magambo make… |
|---|---|
| Ubwandu bwa C. diff (Clostridioides difficile) | Iyi ni indwara isanzwe iterwa na bagiteri itera kubyimba amara no gucibwamo cyane. Hari abantu bashobora kongera kurwara nyuma y'ibyumweru bike bayirwaye. |
| Ubwicanyi buterwa n'imiyoboro y'inkari ikoreshwa na catheter (CAUTI) | Abarwayi bafite catheter igihe kirekire bashobora kurwara indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari. Kimwe cya gatatu cy'indwara ziterwa n'ibitaro ni izo. |
| Ubwandu bw'amaraso bufitanye isano n'umurongo wo hagati (CLABSI) | Umurongo wo hagati ni umuyoboro wihariye ushyirwa mu mutsi munini uri hafi y'umutima kugira ngo utange imiti kandi ukuremo amaraso. Ibi bishobora gutuma mikorobe zinjira mu mubiri zigatera ubwandu mu maraso. |
| Ubwandu bwa MRSA (Staphylococcus aureus idakira Methicillin) | Iyi ni indwara isanzwe. Ikidasanzwe kuri iyi bagiteri ni uko idakira imiti isanzwe nka penisiline na amoksilini. |
| Ubwandu bw'aho umuntu abagwa (SSI) | Izi ndwara zishobora kubaho atari ku gikomere cyo kubagwa gusa, ku ngingo z’umubiri, ku ngingo z’umubiri, ahubwo no ku bikoresho byinjijwe mu mubiri, nka pacemakers. |
| Umusonga ufitanye isano n'ibikoresho byo guhumeka (VAP) | Abarwayi bahujwe n'icyuma gifasha guhumeka bashobora kurwara umusonga iyo mikorobe zinjiye mu bihaha zinyuze mu muyoboro w'umwuka. |
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'izi ndwara?
Ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ubwandu. Ariko hari ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe ushobora kubona. Niba urimo kuvurirwa mu bitaro cyangwa uherutse kubagwa, ni ngombwa cyane kumenya ibyo bimenyetso.
- Umuriro
- Gutitira bitewe n'ubukonje
- Kugorwa no guhumeka (Dyspnea)
- Inkorora
- Kubabara mu nda
- Umutima utera cyane
- Impiswi
- Kunyara kenshi kurusha uko bisanzwe (Poluuria)
- Gushya cyangwa kubabara iyo uri kunyara (Dysuria)
- Impinduka mu byiyumvo (urugero: kurakara, uburakari butunguranye)
Tekereza ko uherutse kubagwa kandi uri mu rugo. Niba ahantu wabazwe hahindutse umutuku, hakabyimba, kandi amazi ameze nk'ibibyimba akagenda asohoka mu minsi ibiri cyangwa itatu, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ubwandu bw'aho wabazwe (SSI). Muri ibyo bihe, ugomba guhamagara muganga wawe ako kanya .
Izi ndwara zikwirakwira gute kandi ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye?
Izi ndwara zishobora gukwirakwira mu buryo butandukanye.
- Binyuze mu bitonyanga by'amacandwe byinjira mu kirere iyo umuntu wanduye akorora cyangwa yitsamuye .
- Iyo abakozi bo mu rwego rw'ubuzima bakoze ku barwayi badasukuye intoki zabo neza.
- Iyo ukoresheje ibikoresho byo kwa muganga bitarasukurwa.
- Mu gukora ku bintu (ibipfundikizo by'inzugi, ibitanda) byandujwe na mikorobe.
Iyo ukoresheje ibi bikurikira mu gihe cy'ubuvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, ibyago byawe byo kwandura indwara yanduriye mu bitaro biriyongeraho gato.
- Katheteri zo mu nkari
- Guhumeka
- Inshinge
- Kubaga
Muri ibi bihe byose, uruhu, ari na rwo ruzitiro karemano rw’umubiri wacu, ruracukurwa , bigatuma mikorobe zinjira mu mubiri. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kwita ku isuku no kwica udukoko muri ibyo bihe.
Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'ubu bwandu?
Kwandura indwara yanduriye mu bitaro si ikintu cyoroshye. Iyo idavuwe neza, ishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye. Izi ngorane ziratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bw'indwara.
| Ubwoko bw'ubwandu | Ingorane zishoboka |
|---|---|
| Indwara zo mu maraso zifitanye isano n'umurongo wo hagati (CLABSI) | Kubyimba kw'imbere mu mutima (Endocarditis), indwara zo mu magufwa (Osteomyelitis), gukwirakwira kwa mikorobe mu mubiri wose (Sepsis). |
| Ubwandu bw'aho umuntu abagwa (SSI) | Gutinda gukira kw'igikomere, gukenera kongera kubagwa, kwanga ibikoresho byashyizwemo, sepsis. |
| Indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari (CAUTI) | Indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari zigaruka, sepsis. |
| Umusonga ufitanye isano n'ibikoresho byo guhumeka (VAP) | Kunanirwa guhumeka, kubura amaraso, sepsis. |
Ivurwa ite?
Muganga azabanza gusuzuma ibimenyetso byawe, kandi niba warabazwe, asuzume igikomere. Niba hakekwa ko hari ubwandu, bashobora gutumiza ibizamini by'amaraso cyangwa ibizamini by'inkari kugira ngo bemeze ko ari indwara.
Uburyo bwo kuvura bugenwa n'icyateye ubwandu.
- Antibiyotike iyo ari indwara ya bagiteri
- Imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi iyo ari ubwandu bwa virusi
- Irwanya imiyoboro y'amazi iyo ari indwara y'imiyoboro y'amazi
Ariko hari imbogamizi imwe ikomeye hano. Ni ukudakora imiti irwanya udukoko . Ni ukuvuga ko ubwoko bumwe bwa bagiteri bumenyera imiti uko igihe kigenda gihita, bukananirwa kuyifata. Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye iyo uvura indwara zanduriye mu bitaro. Niyo mpamvu tuvuga ko tudakwiye gukoresha imiti irwanya udukoko bitari ngombwa.
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho: Ni gute izi ndwara zakwirindwa?
Kwirinda ni byiza kuruta gukira, kandi nk'umurwayi, wowe n'umuryango wawe mushobora kugira uruhare runini muri ibi.
- Komeza kugira isuku mu ntoki zawe: Gukaraba intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo guhagarika ikwirakwira rya mikorobe. Karaba intoki zawe mbere na nyuma ya buri rugendo ujya kwa muganga, cyane cyane iyo usuye umurwayi.
- Ntutinye kubaza ibibazo: Baza muganga cyangwa umuforomo ukuvura ibyerekeye ingamba zo gukumira ubwandu bakurikiza. Urugero, nta kibazo ubajije uti "Muganga, wabanje gukaraba intoki mbere yo kuntera urushinge?"
- Niba ufite catheter y'inkari, itondere:Buri gihe ubaze muganga uti "Ese iyi catheter iracyakenewe?" Kuko ibyago byo kwandura biba byinshi igihe cyose ikiri mu mwanya wayo.
- Koresha imiti irwanya udukoko nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse: Uyifate gusa nk'uko wabigutegetse, ku gipimo cyabigenewe, mu gihe cyagenwe. Ntureke kuyifata hagati.
- Menya amakuru mbere na nyuma yo kubagwa: Baza muganga wawe icyo ugomba gukora kugira ngo wirinde kwandura indwara mbere na nyuma yo kubagwa.
- Menya ibimenyetso by'ubwandu: Niba ubonye ibimenyetso by'ubwandu nko gutukura, kubyimba, ububabare, cyangwa amashyira akikije igisebe , menyesha muganga wawe ako kanya.
- Shaka inkingo zikenewe: Shaka inkingo zisabwa, nk'inkingo y'ibicurane, ku gihe.
Tujya kwa muganga twizeye ko tuzakira. Birababaje cyane kongera kurwara ahantu nk'aho. Ariko ibuka ko indwara nyinshi muri izi zishobora kwirindwa. Twese dufite inshingano zo kurinda ubuzima bwacu. Niba ubonye ikintu gishobora kugushyira mu kaga ko kwandura wowe cyangwa undi muntu, ntutindiganye kubimenyesha abakozi b'ubuzima.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Indwara ziterwa n'ibitaro (HAIs) ni indwara ziterwa n'ibitaro mu gihe umuntu avurirwa mu kigo nderabuzima.
- Ibi bishobora guterwa na bagiteri, virusi, cyangwa ibihumyo, kandi rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba bibi cyane.
- Inyinshi muri izi ndwara zishobora kwirindwa . Uburyo bw'ingenzi kandi bworoshye bwo kubikora ni ugukaraba intoki neza .
- Nk'umurwayi, ufite uburenganzira bwo kubaza ibibazo bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwawe. Baza itsinda ry'abaganga bawe ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kurwanya ubwandu.
- Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso by'ubwandu, nko kugira umuriro, gutukura, cyangwa kubyimba kw'igikomere nyuma yo kuva mu bitaro cyangwa nyuma yo kubagwa, hita ubonana na muganga wawe.
Indwara ziterwa n'ibitaro, indwara zo mu gace k'umuyoboro w'amazi, indwara ziterwa n'ubuvuzi, indwara ziterwa n'ibitaro, C. diff, MRSA, CAUTI, indwara ziterwa n'aho babazwe, sepsis, kwirinda kwandura











💬 Comments (0)
Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.