Iyo ugiye kwa muganga iyo utari muzima, ushobora kuba warumvise ko hari igihe bagusaba gukora "ikizamini cya culture". Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane iyo ufite igisebe kidakira, ubabara mu muhogo, cyangwa indwara yo mu nzira y'inkari. Ku bantu benshi, ibi ntabwo bizwi neza. Ikizamini cya culture ni iki? Kuki gikorwa? Ni iki kiboneka? Reka tuvuge kuri ibi byose mu buryo bworoshye uyu munsi.
Reka tubanze turebe iki kizamini cyo gupima bagiteri?
Muri make, bagiteri ni utunyabuzima duto tudashobora kubona n'amaso yacu. Tuba hirya no hino, ndetse no mu mibiri yacu. Inyinshi muri izi bagiteri ntizitugiraho ingaruka mbi, ndetse zimwe na zimwe zidufasha. Ariko, hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa bagiteri, iyo zigeze mu mibiri yacu, zishobora gutera indwara zitandukanye, ni ukuvuga indwara zandura. Mu by'ukuri, izi bagiteri ni zo zitera indwara nyinshi zandura.
Rero, ikizamini cyo gupima bagiteri ni ikizamini gikorwa kugira ngo hemezwe niba ufite ubwandu bwa bagiteri.
Ikintu cyihariye kuri iki kizamini ni uko kitakubwira gusa niba ufite ubwandu, ahubwo kinakubwira neza ubwoko bwa bagiteri zitera ubwandu. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kuko bituma muganga wawe ahitamo umuti uvura indwara ukwiye uvura iyo bagiteri . Ni nko kugira imfunguzo zitandukanye zijyanye n'ingufuri zitandukanye.
Iki kizamini kigomba gukorwa ryari?
Muganga ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima iyo akeka ko ufite ibimenyetso bya bagiteri. Urugero, mu bihe nk'ibi:
- Indwara zo mu gituza nka bronchitis
- Uburozi bw'ibiryo
- Kwandura impyiko
- Umusonga
- Indwara zikomeye aho mikorobe zinjira mu maraso, nka sepsis
- Indwara zo mu muhogo (Strep throat)
- UTI (indwara y'inkari)
- Niba igikomere cyangwa ubushye byaranduye
Uko byagenda kose, iki kizamini kirafasha cyane mu kumenya impamvu nyayo yateye ubwandu no gutanga ubuvuzi bukwiye.
Iki kizamini ugikora ute? Ese kiragoye gato?
Oya, kuri wewe, biroroshye cyane. Bisaba gufata icyitegererezo gito mu gace gakekwa ku mubiri wawe. Aho icyitegererezo giherereye bizaterwa n'ibimenyetso byawe.
Hanyuma, icyitegererezo cyoherezwa muri laboratwari y’ubuvuzi. Inzobere muri laboratwari "zikura" udukoko twose dushobora kuba turi muri icyo cyitegererezo. Ni ukuvuga ko zigaburira bagiteri kandi zigatuma zigwira. Ni nko gutera imbuto nto ukareba ubwoko bw'igiti kizameramo.
Iyo bagiteri zimaze gukura bihagije, zisuzumwa hifashishijwe mikorosikopi kugira ngo zimenye neza ubwoko bwa bagiteri.
Ubwo bwoko bw'ibizamini by'umuco ni ubuhe?
Bitewe n'aho ubwandu bwatangiriye, hari uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima no gupima ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibipimo. Reka turebe ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'ibipimo byo gupima indwara bikorwa.
| Ubwoko bw'ikizamini | Ibisobanuro n'uburyo bwo gufata icyitegererezo |
|---|---|
| Umuco w'amaraso | Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari indwara zikomeye zakwirakwiriye mu mubiri wose (infection systemic), nka sepsis. Akenshi bisaba gufata amaraso make mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe. |
| Umuco wa CSF (Ikizamini cy'amazi yo mu bwonko) | Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ubwandu mu bwonko cyangwa mu ruti rw'umugongo. Urushinge ruto rushyirwa hagati y'amagufwa abiri mu ruti rw'umugongo hanyuma hagafatwa urugero rw'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF). Ibi byitwa lumbar puncture . |
| Umuco w'Uburiri | Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu y’indwara zo mu gifu, nko kubabara mu gifu no gucibwamo. Uzasabwa gutanga icyitegererezo cy’umwanda mu gikombe gisukuye. |
| Umuco wo mu muhogo | Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe indwara zo mu muhogo, cyane cyane indwara nka strep throat. Agatambaro gakoreshwa mu gukaraba inyuma y'umuhogo wawe buhoro buhoro kugira ngo hakusanywe icyitegererezo. |
| Umuco w'ibicurane | Ibi bikorwa iyo hari ukeka ko hari ubwandu bwimbitse mu bihaha (nk'umusonga). Uzasabwa gutanga urugero rw'ibicurane bikomeye kandi bisobanutse neza biri mu gituza cyawe. |
| Umuco w'inkari | Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari cyangwa impyiko. Nyuma yo gusukura agace k'igitsina no gusohora inkari nke, ugomba gukusanya inkari nke hagati mu muyoboro w'isuzuma mu gikombe gisukuye. |
| Umuco w'ibikomere | Niba igisebe cyawe cyangwa ubushye bwawe birimo kubyimba kandi bitarakira, ibi bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba nta bwandu bwanduye. Ishinge ikoreshwa mu gukuraho bimwe mu bibyimba cyangwa amazi mu gisebe. |
Ese ngomba gukora imyiteguro yihariye mbere yo kwipimisha? Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa?
Imyiteguro
Akenshi, ibi bizamini byo gupima bagiteri ntibisaba kwitegura byihariye. Ariko, niba muganga wawe aguhaye amabwiriza yihariye (urugero, akubwira guhagarika gufata imiti runaka), ni ngombwa kuyakurikiza neza. Bityo rero, baza muganga wawe ibyayo mbere yo gupimwa.
Ingaruka
Ingaruka cyangwa ingorane zijyanye n'ibi bizamini ni nke cyane. Mu by'ukuri, ibizamini byinshi nta ngaruka na nke bigira.
Kubera ko urushinge rukoreshwa mu gupima amaraso no gupima amazi yo mu ruti rw'umugongo, hari ibyago bike cyane byo kwandura cyangwa kuva amaraso aho urushinge rwashyizwe. Ibi bisa n'ibyago byo guterwa urushinge buri gihe. Nta mpamvu yo guhangayikishwa n'ibi.
Bitwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo raporo y'ikizamini iboneke?
Iyo icyitegererezo kimaze kugera muri laboratwari, nk'uko twabiganiriyeho mbere, bagiteri zigomba guhingwa. Ibi bishobora gufata igihe icyo ari cyo cyose kuva ku munsi umwe kugeza kuri itanu, bitewe n'ubwoko bwa bagiteri zikekwaho.
- Iyo bagiteri nyinshi zikuriye mu gipimo, laboratwari izemeza ko ari ubwandu.
- Ibwira kandi muganga wawe ubwoko bwa bagiteri .
Laboratwari ikora ikintu cy'ingenzi kurushaho. Ikora ikizamini cyitwa Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) . Muri make, ibi ni ukugira ngo hamenyekane antibiyotike nziza kandi ikwiriye bagiteri zaguteye ubwandu. Hari igihe muganga ashobora kubanza kugutangira imiti imwe ya antibiyotike, ariko nyuma y'uko iyi raporo isohotse, bashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kuguhindurira indi miti ya antibiyotike ikora neza kurushaho. Ibi bishobora kugufasha gukira vuba.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ikizamini cya bagiteri gishobora kugaragaza bagiteri runaka itera ubwandu bwawe.
- Ukoresheje aya makuru, muganga wawe ashobora guhitamo umuti uvura indwara zirwanya udukoko ukwiriye kurusha iyindi.
- Bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe, ingero zitandukanye nk'amaraso, inkari, amatembabuzi n'imitsi yo mu muhogo zishobora gukoreshwa kuri ibi.
- Ibi bizamini ni byiza cyane kandi ingaruka zijyanye nabyo ni nke cyane.
- Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kuri iki kizamini, ntutindiganye kubaza muganga wawe.
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