Tekereza ushobora kugenzura umuvuduko w'umutima wawe, uburyo uhumeka, cyangwa imitsi yawe ifunganye. Nubwo byakumvikana nk'ibitangaje, hari uburyo bwo kubikora. Ubu buryo butangaje bwo kuvura butwigisha kugenzura ibintu byinshi biba mu mibiri yacu tutabizi, hamwe n'imbaraga z'ubwenge bwacu, bwitwa biofeedback. Ni nko kuvugana n'umubiri wawe ugahindura imyitwarire yawo. Reka tubiganireho birambuye uyu munsi.
Biofeedback ni iki mu buryo bworoshye?
Muri make, biofeedback ni uburyo bwo kuvura bukoresha ibitekerezo ku mikorere y'umubiri wawe kandi bukakwigisha uburyo bwo guhindura iyo mikorere ukoresheje ayo makuru. Ni uburyo bwo kuvura mu mutwe no mu mubiri.
Ubusanzwe, ibintu nk'umutima wacu utera, guhumeka, ubushyuhe bw'umubiri, n'imitsi itera umuvuduko tubaho tutabizi. Tubyita "imikorere idakora ku bushake." Ariko muri therapy ya biofeedback, ibikoresho byihariye bikoreshwa mu gupima umuvuduko n'imiterere y'iyi mirimo idakora ku bushake no kukwereka kuri ecran ya mudasobwa cyangwa hakoreshejwe amajwi.
Tekereza ko iyo uhangayitse cyane, umutima wawe utera cyane. Imashini ya biofeedback ipima uko umutima utera ikakubwira ikoresheje urumuri rutukura kuri ecran. Hanyuma umuvuzi akakubwira uburyo bwo guhumeka buhoro. Uko uhumeka muri ubu buryo, umutima wawe utera buhoro, urumuri rutukura rurazima, hanyuma urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi rukaraka.
Uko ukomeza kwitoza muri ubu buryo, uzabasha kugenzura umuvuduko w'umutima wawe udafite imashini, ukoresheje ubwenge bwawe. Ni nko kwiga kubanza gutwara igare rifite amapine yo kwitoza, hanyuma ukagenda utarifite.
Akenshi ntabwo ikoreshwa nk'uburyo bwo kuvura bwonyine. Ikoreshwa hamwe n'ubundi buryo bwo kuvura, nk'imiti, physiotherapy, cyangwa psychotherapy, nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse.
Ni nde ushobora kubona ubu buvuzi?
Hari inzobere zatojwe by’umwihariko gukora ubuvuzi bwa biofeedback. Zimwe muri zo zirimo:
- Abahanga mu by'imitekerereze y'abantu
- Abavuzi b'umubiri
- Umuganga w'umuryango wawe (Abaganga b'ibanze)
Igikuru ni ukureba niba umuntu ukora ubu buvuzi afite ubushobozi kandi afite icyemezo gikwiye. Niba urimo gutekereza kuri ubu bwoko bw'ubuvuzi, ni byiza kubivuganaho na muganga wawe hanyuma ugahitamo umuntu ubishoboye.
Ni izihe ndwara biofeedback ishobora gufasha?
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zandurira mu mubiri bushobora gufasha mu kuvura ibimenyetso by’indwara zitandukanye. Nubwo bushobora kudakiza indwara zimwe na zimwe burundu, bushobora koroshya ubuzima.
| Indwara/Ikibazo | Uburyo Biofeedback ifasha (muri make) |
|---|---|
| Guhangayika, kwiheba, n'indwara yo guhangayika nyuma yo guhungabana (PTSD) | Ikwigisha gutuza ubwenge bwawe ugenzura umuvuduko w'umutima wawe, guhumeka kwawe, n'imitsi yawe. |
| Indwara yo kudakora neza mu mutwe (ADHD) | Bifasha kunoza uburyo umuntu yitabwaho binyuze mu kugenzura imiraba y'ubwonko. (Neurofeedback) |
| Ububabare buhoraho - Ububabare bw'umugongo, Migraine, Fibromyalgia | Ikwigisha uburyo bwo kuruhuka imitsi igoranye bitewe n'ububabare no guhindura uko umubiri witwara mu bubabare. |
| Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso | Uburyo bwo kuruhuka butuma umubiri n'ubwonko biruhura bufasha kuruhuka imiyoboro y'amaraso no kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso. |
| Gusinzira nabi | Bakora imyitozo yo gutuza umubiri n'ubwenge mbere yo gusinzira. |
| Kugorwa no kugenzura amara n'uruhago (kunanirwa kwihagarika) | Ikomeza imitsi yo hasi mu kibuno kandi ikabigisha uburyo bwo kuyigenzura. |
| Indwara ya Raynaud | Yigisha uburyo bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'uruhu kugira ngo yongere amaraso atembera mu biganza no mu birenge. |
Icy'ingenzi ni uko ubu buryo bwo kuvura atari igisubizo kimwe gikwiriye byose. Akenshi bukoreshwa uretse uburyo bwo kuvura usanzwe uhabwa, kugira ngo umusaruro wabo urusheho kuba mwiza.
Ni iki mu by'ukuri kibaho mu gihe cyo kuvura indwara ya biofeedback?
Hari abantu bashobora kugira ubwoba iyo bumvise iby'ubu buryo bwo kuvura. Ibibazo nk'ibi, "Ese imashini izagira icyo ikora ku mubiri wanjye? Ese izababara?" bishobora kugaruka. Ariko mu by'ukuri ubu ni uburyo bwo kuvura butababaza kandi bufite umutekano.
Intambwe ya Mbere: Gushyiramo Sensors
Umuganga w’indwara azashyira utwuma duto duto kandi tudatera ububabare ku bice bitandukanye by’umubiri wawe. Tuzapima kandi twoherereze amakuru yerekeye ibikorwa bitandukanye by’umubiri wawe kuri mudasobwa.
| Ni iki kiri gupimwa | Igikoresho/sensor yakoreshejwe |
|---|---|
| Igipimo cyo guhumeka n'icyitegererezo | Utwuma dufatana nk'imikandara ikikije igifu n'igituza. |
| Igipimo cy'umutima | Agakoresho gato gafata ku rutoki (Pulsometer) cyangwa sensor ya EKG (Electrocardiogram). |
| Imitsi igenda neza kandi igakomera | Utumashini dufata ku ruhu hejuru y'imitsi ijyanye narwo (sEMG - surface electromyography). |
| Kubira ibyuya | Utumashini dufata ku ntoki cyangwa ku biganza (GSR - igisubizo cy'uruhu rwa galvanic). |
| Imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'ubwonko | Akamashini gafata ku gahanga (EEG - electroencephalogram). Ibi kandi byitwa Neurofeedback. |
| Ubushyuhe bw'uruhu | Agakoresho ko gupima ubushyuhe gashyirwa ku ruhu. |
Intambwe ya Kabiri: Kubona ibitekerezo
Amakuru aturuka muri sensors atunganywa na mudasobwa kandi akaguha ako kanya mu buryo ushobora kumva. Ibi bitekerezo bishobora kuza mu buryo butandukanye:
- Ibitekerezo ku ishusho: Guhindura ishusho kuri ecran ya mudasobwa, kuzamura no kugabanya imbonerahamwe, cyangwa kugenda k'umukinnyi mu mukino wa videwo.
- Gusubiza mu matwi: Guhindura ubukana bw'ijwi, guhindura umuvuduko w'umuziki.
- Uburyo bwo kumva ibintu bihindagurika: Kumva ikintu giteye ubwoba ukoresheje igikoresho wambaye.
Cyane cyane iyo uvura abana bato, gukoresha ibintu nk'imikino ya videwo bituma bishimira cyane kuyitabira.
Intambwe ya Gatatu: Kwiga kugenzura
Umaze kubona ibi bitekerezo, umuvuzi wawe azakwigisha uburyo butandukanye bwo guhindura imikorere y'umubiri wawe. Urugero:
- Guhindura uko uhagaze: Ushobora kugabanya imitsi ifunganye uhindura uburyo wicaye n'uko uhagaze.
- Guhindura uburyo bwo guhumeka: Guhumeka cyane kandi buhoro buhoro bishobora kugabanya imihangayiko no kugenzura umuvuduko w'umutima wawe.
- Kuruhuka imitsi: Kwibanda ku itsinda ry’imitsi runaka no kwitoza kuruhuka nkana bishobora gufasha kugabanya ububabare no kudasinzira.
- Ibitekerezo n'intumbero: Ushobora gutekereza ku bintu bitandukanye, kwiyumvisha ahantu hatuje, no kugenzura uburyo uhumeka cyangwa umutima wawe utera.
Uko ugerageza buri buryo muri ubu, urashobora kubona no kumva ingaruka ku mubiri wawe mu kanya gato ukoresheje igikoresho cyo gutanga ibitekerezo. Uko ukomeza kwitoza muri ubu buryo, amaherezo uzashobora gukora ibi bintu wenyine, nta gikoresho.
Iyi sisitemu ikora ite? Reka turebere hamwe.
Biofeedback ishingiye kuri Operant Conditioning .Mu buryo bwo kwiga bwitwa "igihembo". Muri make, iki ni igikorwa cyo gutanga igihembo cyo gushishikariza imyitwarire runaka. Aha, igihembo ni "ibitekerezo byiza" ubona.
Urugero, tuvuge ko uri kuvura umuntu urwaye migraine. Umutwe urushaho kwiyongera iyo imitsi yo mu gahanga ikomeje gukomera. Mu gihe cyo kuvurwa, sensor ya EMG ishyirwa ku gahanga. Iyo imitsi yo mu gahanga ikomeje gukomera, mudasobwa itanga ijwi ritari ryiza. Iyo umuvuzi akoze imyitozo yo kuruhuka no kuruhuka imitsi yo mu gahanga, ijwi ritari ryiza rirahagarara maze umuziki uryoshye cyane ugatangira gucuranga.
Noneho ubwonko buramenya buti: "Ah... iyo nduhutse imitsi yo mu gahanga, nshobora kumva iyi ndirimbo nziza." Uko ukomeza gukora imyitozo nk'iyi, iyo umutwe utangiye kuza, ubwonko bwiga kuruhura imitsi yo mu gahanga nta muziki bukoresha. Ibi bituma bushobora kugenzura ububabare.
Akenshi ntituba tuzi uburyo imibiri yacu ikora iyo tubabara, dufite stress, kandi duhangayikishijwe. Biofeedback "ikwereka" ibi bisubizo bitagaragara (umutima utera cyane, ibyuya, imitsi irushaho gukomera). Iyo umaze kubibona, wiga kubihindura. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibi biba akamenyero.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka mbi zo kuvura indwara ya biofeedback?
Ibyiza
Akamaro gakomeye k'ubu buryo bwo kuvura ni uko ufata ingamba zo kugenzura ubuzima bwawe. Aho gufata ikinini ugategereza ko indwara igabanuka, wiga kwitabara no gucunga ibimenyetso byawe. Ibi biguha imbaraga nyinshi zo mu mutwe no kwigirira icyizere.
Ariko kugira ngo ibi bikugirire akamaro, uruhare rwawe rugaragara n'ubushake bwo kugira icyo ukora ni ngombwa. Iyi myitozo ntigomba gukorwa gusa mu gihe cyo kuvurwa, ahubwo ikwiye no gukorwa mu rugo.
Ingaruka
Ikintu cyiza kuri ibi ni uko nta ngaruka zishobora kubaho mu buvuzi bwa biofeedback.
Ibi ntibitera indwara, bivuze ko bitarimo gucibwamo ibice nko kubagwa. Nanone, nta ngaruka mbi cyangwa ingorane bitera. Kubwibyo, ni uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura umuntu wese ashobora kuvura nta bwoba.
Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?
Iki ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Biofeedback ni inyongera ku buvuzi, ntabwo ari ikintu gisimbura.
- Ntugatinde kwivuza: Niba ufite ikibazo cy'uburwayi, ntugatinde kujya kwa muganga utekereza ko biofeedback izagufasha. Banza umenye neza indwara hanyuma utangire kuvurwa neza.
- Ntureke gufata umuti:Niba ufata imiti y’uburwayi runaka, urugero nk’umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso, ntugahagarike gufata imiti utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe, uko ubuvuzi bwa biofeedback bwaba bufite akamaro kose.
- Vugana na muganga wawe kuri buri kintu cyose: Mbere yo gutangira ubuvuzi bwa biofeedback no mu gihe cyo kuvurwa, menyesha muganga wawe ibyabwo.
Biofeedback ni uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha imbaraga z'umubiri wawe n'ubwenge bwawe kugira ngo urusheho kugira ubuzima bwiza. Ukoresheje ubuyobozi n'amahugurwa bikwiye, bigufasha kuba umutware w'umubiri wawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Biofeedback ni uburyo bwo kuvura butwigisha kugenzura imikorere y'umubiri utazi (nk'umuvuduko w'umutima no guhumeka) dukoresheje imbaraga z'ubwenge bwacu.
- Ubu ni uburyo bwiza cyane bwo kuvura butagira ububabare, gucikamo ibice, cyangwa ingaruka mbi.
- Ibi bifasha mu guhangana n'ibimenyetso by'indwara nyinshi, nko guhangayika, ububabare budakira, migraine, n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso.
- Kwitabira kwawe no gukora imyitozo yo mu rugo ni ingenzi kugira ngo ubu buvuzi bugende neza.
- Biofeedback ntabwo ari ikintu gisimbura ubuvuzi, ahubwo ni inyongeramusaruro. Buri gihe kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe.
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