Ese ujya uhura n'ibibara by'ubururu ku mubiri wawe wose? Cyangwa uva amaraso igihe kirekire nta guhagarara no ku gikomere gito? Wenda uhora wumva unaniwe, nta buzima ufite, kandi unaniwe cyane ku buryo udashobora kugira icyo ukora? Inyuma y'ibi bintu, hashobora kuba hari ikibazo cy'amaraso atembera mu mubiri wacu, ni ukuvuga indwara y'amaraso. Ntugatinye iyo wumvise iri zina. Ushobora kugenzura byinshi muri ibi kandi ukabaho neza. Uyu munsi, turaganira kuri byose mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.
Ubwa mbere, reka turebe icyo 'amaraso' ari mu mibiri yacu akora.
Mu magambo make, amaraso ni yo mazi atuma imibiri yacu ikomeza kubaho. Afite ibice bitatu by'ingenzi, nk'abantu batatu mu itsinda rimwe bakora imirimo yihariye.
- Uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso: Izi ni zo 'serivisi yo gutanga' umubiri wacu. Zitwara umwuka wa ogisijeni winjira mu bihaha iyo duhumeka mu mfuruka zose z'umubiri. Zitwara kandi umwuka wa karuboni udakenewe wiyongera mu mubiri ugaruka mu bihaha kugira ngo uhumeke.
- Uturemangingo tw’amaraso: Izi ni zo 'ngabo z’umubiri wacu'. Akazi kabo k’ingenzi ni ukuturinda indwara turwanya mikorobe, bagiteri na virusi zitera indwara ziturutse hanze.
- Platelets: Aba ni 'abantu bavura ibikomere'. Iyo twakomeretse cyangwa twakomeretse ahantu hose ku mubiri wacu, izi platelets zifasha gukora ibice by'amaraso kugira ngo bihagarike kuva amaraso. Ni nko gushyira agace ku muyoboro wavunitse.
Indwara y'amaraso ni indwara aho uturemangingo dutukura, uturemangingo twera, cyangwa uduce duto tw'amaraso tudakora neza. Izi ndwara zishobora kuba kanseri cyangwa zitari kanseri. Muri iyi nkuru, turavuga ku ndwara z'amaraso zitari kanseri. Zimwe mu ndwara z'amaraso ziravuka, izindi zikaza nyuma bitewe n'indi ndwara.
Ni iki kiba ku mubiri urwaye indwara z'amaraso?
Muri rusange, indwara z'amaraso zitari kanseri zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mibiri yacu mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi.
1. Kuziba kw'amaraso cyane: Mu ndwara zimwe na zimwe, amaraso atangira kuziba mu mitsi. Ibi bishobora guteza akaga, kuko izi mfu z'amaraso zishobora kwibasira zigatera indwara zikomeye nko kurwara umutima no gucika imitsi.
2. Amaraso ntafunga neza (kuva amaraso menshi): Mu zindi ndwara zimwe na zimwe, amaraso ntafunga neza iyo yakomeretse. Kubwibyo, ndetse n'igikomere gito gishobora gutera kuva amaraso menshi.
Noneho reka turebe indwara zisanzwe zifata buri bwoko bw'indwara ukwabwo.
Indwara zo kugabanya amaraso
Muri ibi bihe, amaraso yacu ahita yivanga mu mitsi ndetse no mu gihe bidakenewe. Ibi byitwa ``Hypercoagulable state`` cyangwa ``Thrombophilia```.
Icyitonderwa: Niba ugize ikibazo cyo kubyimba, gutukura, no kubabara mu kuguru kwawe (iki gishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'amaraso yapfutse mu mitsi - `Deep Vein Thrombosis`) cyangwa ububabare butunguranye mu gituza no guhumeka bigoranye (ibi bishobora kuba amaraso yapfutse mu bihaha - `Pulmonary Embolism`), jya ku bitaro byihutirwa (ETU) vuba. Izi ni indwara zisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse.
Dore zimwe mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara.
| Izina ry'indwara | Mu magambo make ... |
|---|---|
| Impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo ya prothrombin | Iyi ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo (genetic disorder) ikwirakwira kuva umuntu akivuka. Ibi byongera ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso mu mitsi y'amaguru (`Deep Vein Thrombosis`) no mu bihaha (`Pulmonary Embolism`). |
| Indwara ya Antiphospholipide | Iyi ni indwara idakunze kugaragara ku budahangarwa bw'umubiri. Ubwirinzi bwacu bwite bukora ku mubiri wacu. Ibi bishobora gutuma amaraso afungana mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri. |
| Kubura kwa poroteyine S na poroteyine C | Poroteyine S na C ni poroteyine ebyiri karemano mu maraso yacu zigenzura uko amaraso agwa. Iyo ibyo bibayeho bike mu buryo busanzwe, uko amaraso agwa biriyongera. |
| Gufungana kw'imitsi mu maraso (DIC) | Iyi ni indwara idakunze kugaragara ariko ikomeye aho amaraso ahita acika mu mubiri wose, maze icyarimwe, amaraso akagabanuka mu buryo butunguranye. |
Indwara zo kuva amaraso
Muri ibi bihe, inzira yo kuvura amaraso iragabanuka, bigatuma amaraso ava menshi kuruta uko bisanzwe.
| Izina ry'indwara | Bigenda bite kuri ibi? |
|---|---|
| Indwara ya Von Willebrand | Iyi ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu maraso. Iterwa n'ibura cyangwa inenge ya von Willebrand factor, poroteyine yihariye ifasha amaraso kubumba. |
| Hemophilia | Iyi nayo ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo. Iterwa no kubura izindi 'bintu bituma amaraso agwa' bikenewe kugira ngo amaraso agwa. Hari ubwoko bwa hemophilia A, B, na C. |
| Thrombocytopenia | Ibi bivuze ko umubare wa platelets mu maraso ugabanuka. Ibi nibyo bibaho iyo urwaye dengue. Iyo platelets zigabanutse, biragoye guhagarika kuva amaraso. |
Indwara y'amaraso ikunze kugaragara muri twe: Anemia
Kubura amaraso, cyangwa 'kubura amaraso' nk'uko dukunze kubyita, mu by'ukuri ni indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu maraso. Ibaho iyo amaraso adafite uturemangingo dutukura duhagije two gutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mubiri. Hari impamvu nyinshi zitera kubura amaraso.
Ese indwara yo kubura amaraso iterwa n'iki?
Anemia yabonetse
Izi ni indwara zivuka nyuma yo kuvuka kubera impamvu zitandukanye.
- Kubura icyuma: Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane. Icyuma ni ingenzi mu gukora hemoglobine, poroteyine iri mu turemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso itwara ogisijeni. Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo nta cyuma gihagije kiri mu mirire. Cyane cyane ikunze kugaragara ku bagore batwite n’abakobwa bakiri bato.
- Vitamine B12 cyangwa Anemia yo kubura folate: Izi vitamine nazo ni ingenzi mu gukora uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura dufite ubuzima bwiza. Anemia mbi ni indwara iterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri aho umubiri udashobora kwinjiza Vitamine B12.
- Aplastic anemia: Iki ni igihe umwongo w'amagufwa uhagarika gukora uturemangingo dushya tw'amaraso (umutuku, umweru, na plaquettes).
- Anemia yo mu maraso iterwa n'umubiri: Muri ibi, ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri butangira kwangiza uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura mu buryo butari bwo.
Anemia y'urubyaro
Izi ni indwara zandurira abana binyuze mu ngirabuzimafatizo ziturutse ku babyeyi.
- Kubura amaraso mu maraso: Muri ibi, imiterere y'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso irahinduka. Aho kuba imiterere yatwo isanzwe izengurutse, tuba dusa n'uturemangingo, kandi dushobora kwinjirira mu mitsi y'amaraso.
- Thalassemia: Izina dukunze kumva muri Sri Lanka. Ikigaragara muri ibi ni uko umusemburo wa hemoglobin mu mubiri ugabanuka. Ibi bituma uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso tuba duto, bigatera kubura amaraso. Hari imiterere mito n’inini y’ibi.
Namenya nte ko mfite indwara y'amaraso? (Ibimenyetso)
Ibimenyetso by'indwara z'amaraso biratandukanye bitewe n'imiterere y'indwara. Reka tubishyire mu byiciro.
| Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara zitandukanye z'amaraso | |
|---|---|
| Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara yo kubura amaraso | |
| |
| Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara zo kuva amaraso | |
| |
| Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara zo kuvura amaraso | |
|
Ni gute muganga asuzuma iyi ndwara?
Iyo winubiye ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru, muganga wawe azabanza kugusuzuma, akubaze ibimenyetso byawe, kandi akubaze niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wigeze kugira ibi bibazo. Hanyuma, azakora ibizamini byinshi by'amaraso kugira ngo amenye neza indwara.
Ubusanzwe, kubara amaraso yose (CBC) bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane neza umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, uturemangingo twera tw'amaraso, na plaquettes mu maraso yawe.
- Ikizamini cy'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso: Ibi bireba ibintu nk'urugero rwa hemoglobin n'umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso. Iyo ibi biri hasi, byemeza ko ufite amaraso make.
- Umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso: Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso (nka `Neutrophils`, `Lymphocytes`, `Eosinophils`). Urebye ingano ya buri bwoko, ushobora kumenya niba ufite ubwandu, allergie, cyangwa indi ndwara ikomeye.
- Umubare w'udupira tw'amaraso: Umubare w'udupira tw'amaraso uragenzurwa. Iyo umubare uri hasi, haba hari ibyago byo kuva amaraso. Iyo umubare uri hejuru, haba hari ibyago byo kuvura amaraso.
Nyuma y'ibi bizamini bya mbere, ushobora koherezwa mu bipimo byihariye (urugero: gupima amaraso avura, gusuzuma umwongo w'amagufwa) bibaye ngombwa.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?
Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'indwara y'amaraso ufite n'uburemere bwayo.
- Gutegereza witonze: Ku ndwara zimwe na zimwe zoroheje z'amaraso, niba nta bimenyetso bikomeye bihari, muganga wawe ashobora kutaguha imiti kandi ashobora gukurikirana uburwayi bwawe akoresheje ibizamini bisanzwe.
- Imiti:
- Ibinini bya fer cyangwa sirupe yo kuvura indwara yo kubura fer.
- Vitamine zijyanye no kubura vitamine.
- Imiti igabanya amaraso itangwa kugira ngo hirindwe kuvura amaraso mu ndwara ziyongera kuvura amaraso.
- Ku ndwara zitera kuva amaraso menshi, hatangwa imiti ifasha amaraso kuzura.
- Ku ndwara ziterwa n'ibibazo by'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, imiti nka corticosteroids itangwa kugira ngo igenzure ubwo buryo.
- Guterwa amaraso n'udupira two mu maraso: Iyo amaraso afite umubyimba mwinshi cyangwa amaraso menshi ava, amaraso cyangwa udupira two mu maraso dutangwa hanze.
- Inyongeramusaruro ku mikurire: Hatangwa inshinge zitera imbaraga umworo w'amagufwa kandi zikawufasha gukora uturemangingo twinshi tw'amaraso.
Muganga wawe azaguhitiramo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Ubuvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose bushobora kugira ingaruka mbi. Ntutinye kubaza muganga wawe ibyabwo.
Nigute wabaho n'indwara y'amaraso? Nigute wagabanya ibyago?
Kugira indwara y'amaraso si iherezo ry'ubuzima. Iyo abantu benshi bafashwe neza, bashobora kubaho ubuzima busanzwe.
- Nugire intungamubiri nziza: Shyiramo ibiryo bikungahaye kuri feri (nk'epinari, kale, epinari, inyama z'inka n'amashaza), vitamine B12, na folate mu mirire yawe. Baza muganga wawe cyangwa inzobere mu mirire kuri ibi.
- Gumana ibiro byiza: Imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
- Irinde kwandura indwara: Karaba intoki zawe kenshi kandi neza. Fata inkingo zikenewe nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse.
- Irinde imvune: Niba ufite indwara yo kuva amaraso, irinde siporo zishobora gutera kugwa no gukomereka. Ambara ingofero niba ugenda ku igare. Buri gihe wambare umukandara w'imodoka iyo ugenda mu modoka.
- Menyesha umuryango wawe n'inshuti zawe: Babwire uko umerewe. Ni ngombwa ko bamenya icyo bakora mu gihe cy'impanuka.
- Kurikiza inama za muganga: Fata imiti yawe ku gihe. Jya kwa muganga ku minsi yagenwe. Ntugahagarike gufata imiti yawe utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Indwara z'amaraso ni ibibazo ku mikorere y'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, uturemangingo twera tw'amaraso, cyangwa uduce duto tw'amaraso.
- Ingaruka ebyiri z'ingenzi ni ukubyimba kw'amaraso bitari ngombwa cyangwa kuva amaraso bidahagarara.
- Anemia ni indwara ikunze kugaragara mu maraso. Ntukirengagize ibimenyetso nko kunanirwa guhoraho, kutagira uburibwe, no kunanirwa.
- Niba ugize uduheri tw'ubururu ku mubiri wawe nta mpamvu, niba igisebe gito kidahagarika kuva amaraso, cyangwa ukuguru kumwe kukabyimba mu buryo butunguranye, ugomba kujya kwa muganga.
- Indwara nyinshi z'amaraso zishobora kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvurwa no gucungwa neza, bigatuma ubaho ubuzima bwiza kandi busanzwe. Rero, ntutinye, kandi shaka inama z'abaganga zikwiye.
💬 Comments (0)
Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.