Ingaruka zawe zo kurwara kanseri y'ibere zigera he? Reka tuvuge kuri ibi (Isuzuma ry'Ingaruka zo kurwara kanseri y'ibere)!

Umeze ute? Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ngingo y'ingenzi cyane ku bagore benshi, kandi iteye ubwoba gato. Iyo ni isuzuma ry'ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere. Ntugahangayike, ibi ntibishobora kukubwira neza niba ufite kanseri cyangwa utayifite. Ariko bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa ibyago byawe.

Isuzuma ry'ibyago bya kanseri y'ibere ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ubu ni uburyo bwo kureba amahirwe yawe, cyangwa amahirwe yo kurwara kanseri y'ibere mu buzima bwawe. Urugero, mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, umugore umwe kuri umunani azarwara kanseri y'ibere mu buzima bwe. Rero, iri suzuma rishobora kugufasha kubona igitekerezo cy'uko uri muri bo, cyangwa niba ibyago ufite biri hejuru cyangwa biri hasi ugereranyije n'umuntu usanzwe.

Igikuru ni uko ibi bitavuga ngo "uzarwara kanseri" cyangwa ngo "ntuzarwara." Bigaragaza gusa ibyago ufite ugereranije n'abandi mu myaka yawe n'aho ukomoka. Ubu buryo bwagenewe abagore. Ntabwo bukoreshwa mu gupima ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere ku bagabo.

Ni gute izi moderi zo gusuzuma ingaruka zakora?

Ubu hari uburyo bugera kuri makumyabiri na bune bwo gusuzuma ibyago. Byinshi muri byo biboneka nk'ibibazo byo kuri interineti. Ushobora gusubiza ibi bibazo mu minota icumi gusa. Ukurikije ibisubizo byawe, amanota abarwa hashingiwe ku bintu bishobora gutuma urwara . Ikintu gishobora gutuma urwara indwara ni ikintu cyongera amahirwe yo kurwara kanseri y'ibere muri iki gihe.

None se ni ibihe bintu by'ingenzi bishobora gutera ibyago?

Reka turebe ibintu bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere.

• Imyaka: Ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere bigenda byiyongera uko imyaka igenda ishira.
• Amateka y'umuryango ya kanseri y'ibere: Niba umuntu wo mu muryango wa hafi (uwo mu muryango wawe wo ku rwego rwa mbere), nka nyoko, mushiki wawe, cyangwa umukobwa wawe, yararwaye kanseri y'ibere, cyangwa niba hari abantu benshi bo mu muryango wawe bayirwaye, ibyago byawe biba byinshi.
• Impinduka mu miterere y’uturemangingo: Hari abantu bashobora kugira impinduka runaka mu miterere yabo. By’umwihariko, impinduka mu miterere y’uturemangingo `(BRCA1)` na `(BRCA2)` byongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’ibere.
• Ubwoko/ubwoko: Hari ubwoko buri mu kaga gakomeye. Urugero, abantu bakomoka ku Bayahudi b’Aba-Ashkenazi bafite amahirwe menshi yo kugira impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo za `(BRCA1)` cyangwa `(BRCA2)`, bivuze ko bari mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara kanseri y’ibere.
• Ubucucike bw'amabere: Abagore bamwe bafite ingirabuzimafatizo nyinshi n'ingirabuzimafatizo mu mabere yabo, kandi bafite ingirabuzimafatizo nke z'ibinure. Ibi byitwa amabere afite ubucucike bwinshi.Abantu bafite ibinure byinshi bari mu kaga gakomeye kurusha abafite ibinure byinshi.
• Isuzuma ry’ibere ryabanje: Niba warigeze gukorerwa isuzuma ry’ibere kandi ibisubizo bikagaragaza ko uturemangingo tutari dusanzwe dukura, nko gucika intege mu buryo budasanzwe , ibyago byawe biri hejuru.
• Imisemburo: Kugira imisemburo myinshi ya estrogen na progesterone mu mubiri wawe igihe kirekire byongera ibyago byo kurwara. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'imisemburo umubiri wawe ukora mu buryo busanzwe (ijyanye no kujya mu mihango), cyangwa bishobora guterwa n'imiti imwe n'imwe ufata. Urugero, imiti imwe n'imwe yo kuboneza urubyaro n'imiti isimbura imisemburo (HRT) na byo bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara.
• Imyaka yo gucura: Niba watangiye ubwangavu ukiri muto cyane (gucura) , bivuze ko umubiri wawe umaze igihe kinini uhura n'imisemburo. Ibi kandi byongera ibyago byo kurwara.
• Imyaka yo gucura: Nanone, niba imihango yawe, cyangwa gucura , yarabaye nyuma y’igihe gisanzwe, ibyago byo kurwara birushaho kwiyongera bitewe no kumara igihe kinini ukoresha imisemburo.
• Amateka yo kubyara: Abagore batigeze babyara bafite ibyago byinshi kurusha ababyaye. Ibi biterwa nuko bagira imihango myinshi kandi bahura n'imisemburo igihe kirekire. Nanone, niba warabyaye umwana, cyane cyane niba warabyaye umwana wa mbere mbere y'imyaka 35 , ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere biragabanuka. Uko ubyara abana benshi, niko ibyago byo kubyara buri mwana bigabanuka.

Ariko ibuka ko ibi bintu byose bishobora gutera indwara atari ingenzi cyane. Urugero, nubwo ibyago byiyongera gato uko umuntu agenda akura, umuntu ufite "mutation ya gene" ya ``(BRCA1)`` ashobora kugira ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere ku kigero cya 60%. Ndetse n'imwe muri izi mpamvu ishobora kugushyira mu cyiciro cy'ibyago byinshi .

Uburyo butandukanye bwo gusuzuma ingaruka busuzuma ibi bintu mu buryo butandukanye kandi bukabiha uburemere butandukanye. Reka turebe bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa cyane.

Ni izihe nzira zikoreshwa cyane mu gusuzuma ingaruka?

Nubwo hari uburyo butandukanye, tuzavuga kuri bumwe mu buryo bw'ingenzi.

1. Icyitegererezo cya Gail (icyitegererezo cya Gail - BCRAT)

Ubu buryo ni bwo buzwi cyane. Ni bumwe mu buryo bwo gupima kanseri y’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kurwanya kanseri (National Cancer Institute). Bunazwi kandi nka (BCRAT) . Bwatangiye gukoreshwa mu 1989. Bureba ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’ibere mu myaka itanu iri imbere no kugeza ku myaka 90. Bushobora gukorwa mu minota itanu.

Ibibazo bibazwa hano ni ibi bikurikira:

• imyaka yawe.
• Ubwoko bwawe/ubwoko bwawe.
• Amateka yo kubyara abana.
• Ibizamini byakozwe mbere bya biopsy y'ibere.
• Imyaka mu ntangiriro z'imihango.
• Amateka y'umuryango ya kanseri y'ibere.

Niba ibyago byawe by'imyaka itanu ari 1.67% cyangwa irenga, ufatwa nk' "ibyago byinshi." Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti nka tamoxifen na raloxifene kugira ngo igabanye ibyago byo kurwara kanseri. Ariko ubu buryo ntibukora kuri buri wese. Niba warigeze kurwara kanseri y'ibere mbere, cyangwa niba uzi ko ufite ihinduka ry'uturemangingo ryiyongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri, ubu buryo ntabwo bwizewe cyane.

2. Icyitegererezo cya IBIS (IBIS - Tyrer-Cuzik moderi)

Ubu buryo bureba amahirwe yo kurwara kanseri mu myaka 10 iri imbere cyangwa mu buzima bwose.

Ibintu wumva muri ibi:

• Imyaka, ubwoko/ubwoko.
• Ubucucike bw'amabere.
• Amateka yo kubyara abana.
• Igipimo cy'uburemere bw'umubiri (BMI).
• Ibizamini byakozwe mbere bya biopsy y'ibere.
• Amateka ya kanseri y'intanga ngore.
• Amateka y'umuryango ya kanseri y'ibere.
• Imyaka imihango yatangiyeho n'iyo yahagazeho.
• Gukoresha uburyo bwo gusimbuza imisemburo (HRT).
• Kumenya niba hari impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo ya `(BRCA1)` cyangwa `(BRCA2)`.

Kimwe na Gale moderi, ibi ntibikora ku bantu bigeze kugira kanseri y'ibere mbere. Dukurikije ibi bisubizo, muganga wawe ashobora guhitamo inshuro ugomba gupimwa amabere cyangwa niba ugomba gupimwa BRCA.

3. Imashini ipima ibyago bya BCSC (Imashini ipima ibyago bya kanseri y'ibere)

Ibi bireba ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere yibasira mu myaka itanu iri imbere cyangwa kanseri y'ibere yibasira mu myaka itandatu iri imbere. Kanseri ya 'Metastatic' ni kanseri itangirira mu ibere ikagera no mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

Ibibazo byabajijwe hano bisa n'ibyabanje. Imyaka, ubwoko, ubucucike bw'amabere, umubare w'abana, BMI, ibisubizo bya biopsy byabanje, amateka ya kanseri (umuntu ku giti cye n'umuryango we), imyaka yo gucura, ikoreshwa rya HRT, n'ibindi. Ibi bisubizo bishobora kugufasha guhitamo inshuro ugomba kwipimisha mammogram.

4. BRCAPRO

Ubu buryo bureba cyane cyane amahirwe yo kuba ufite `(BRCA1)` cyangwa `(BRCA2)` mutation ya gene.

Ibi bizabaza ibibazo bijyanye n'amateka y'umuryango wawe ya kanseri y'ibere cyangwa kanseri y'intanga ngore. Ibi bivuze:

• Imyaka yabo igihe bavurwaga kanseri.
• Imyaka yabo y'ubu (cyangwa imyaka y'urupfu).
• Ubwoko/ubwoko (cyane cyane ubwoko bw'Abayahudi bakomoka muri Ashkenazi).
• Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bya kanseri (nk'ibipimo bya `(BRCA1, BRCA2)`).
• Niba warigeze kubagwa indwara ziterwa na kanseri (`(gucibwa mastectomy)` - gukuramo ibere, `(gucibwa ophorectomy)` - gukuramo intanga ngabo).

Ibi bisubizo bishobora kukubwira niba ari byiza ko ukorerwa ikizamini cy’uturemangingo.

5. BOADICEA (Igikoresho cya CanRisk)

Ibi, kimwe na BRCAPRO, bishingiye ku mateka y'umuryango n'amakuru yerekeye imiterere y'umubiri. Bireba ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere ndetse na kanseri y'intanga ngore. Hariho igikoresho cyo kuri interineti cyitwa CanRisk. Kibaza kandi ku myaka, BMI, ubucucike bw'amabere, kubyara, gukoresha ibinini byo kuboneza urubyaro, imyaka yo gusezera, amateka ya kanseri y'umuryango, n'ubumenyi ku mpinduka mu imiterere y'umubiri. Ibi kandi bifasha kumenya niba gupima imiterere y'umubiri ari ngombwa n'ingengabihe yo gupima igomba kuba ingana iki.

6. Ibara ry'ibyago bya kanseri y'ibere rya BWHS (Ibara ry'ibyago bya kanseri y'ibere ryiga ku buzima bw'abagore b'abirabura)

Ibi byagenewe by'umwihariko abagore b'abirabura, kuko ubwoko n'inkomoko ari ibintu by'ingenzi mu kugena ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere. Ni ngombwa kuzirikana uburyo ubwoko/inkomoko yawe bigira ingaruka ku manota yawe yo kurwara iyo umenye ibyago byawe. Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, ibi binabaza ibintu nk'imyaka, BMI, uburumbuke, amateka ya biopsy, ibinini byo kuboneza urubyaro, imyaka yo gusezera, amateka y'umuryango, ndetse niba warakuwemo intanga zawe.

Ni gute muganga akoresha ibi bisubizo?

Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba no guhangayika iyo ukoze isuzuma nk'iri kuri interineti ukabona ko "uri mu kaga gakomeye." Ariko ntugafate ibyemezo ukurikije ibyo bisubizo. Iki ni ikintu ugomba kuganiraho na muganga wawe. Ibi bisubizo bizafasha muganga wawe gutegura uburyo bwo gukurikirana ubuzima bw'ibere ryawe, kumenya ibimenyetso hakiri kare, no gutangira kuvurwa.

Bitewe n'ibisubizo, muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Ushobora gusabwa gupimwa kanseri y'ibere (urugero: mammogram) hakiri kare kandi kenshi kurusha uko bisanzwe.
• Ubujyanama ku magenetike bushobora kugufasha kumenya niba ufite ihinduka ry’uturemangingo rikongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri. Niba usanzwe uzi ko ufite, bishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa uburyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe no ku muryango wawe (urugero, amahirwe y’uko umwana azaragwa iyo gene).
• Imiti nka tamoxifen na raloxifene ishobora gutangwa kugira ngo igabanye ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere.
• Iyo ibyago ari byinshi cyane, ushobora kubazwa uburyo bwo gukuramo ibere mbere yuko kanseri itangira. Ibi bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara kanseri.

Ese ibi bipimo by'ingaruka bishobora gute byizewe?

Ubu buryo bwo gusuzuma bwizewe bushingiye ku makuru yakoreshejwe mu kubukora. Ubu buryo bukusanya amakuru aturutse ku bantu barwaye kanseri kandi bukagereranya ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago n'ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago by'umuntu ukora isuzuma. Ariko, amakuru y'abaturage ntashobora kuba nyayo 100% mu guhanura ubuzima bw'umuntu uwo ari we wese. Nubwo ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago bisa gute, nta bantu babiri babaho kimwe neza.

Dore zimwe mu mbogamizi:

• Itandukaniro mu makuru hakurikijwe ubwoko/ubwoko:Bitewe n'amakuru y'abaturage yakoreshejwe mu gukora isuzuma, ibisubizo bishobora kuba bitakureba cyane. Urugero, amakuru ya kanseri y'ibere yakunze gukusanywa kenshi aturutse ku bazungu batari Abahispaniya. Nubwo amakuru ubu akusanywa ku yandi moko, si ko ibigereranyo byose bifata ibi bitandukanye kimwe.
• Uburyo bwo gukoresha ubwoko bwa kanseri buciriritse: Ibipimo byinshi bireba ibyago byo kurwara kanseri ikomeye kandi ikwirakwira ku bantu batararwara kanseri. Ntabwo bivuga inkuru y'abantu bamaze kurwara kanseri.
• Ibintu by’inkurikizi zidahagije: Nta buryo na bumwe bwo gupima bwibanda ku bintu byose bishobora gutera kanseri y’ibere. Uburyo bwinshi bwo gupima ubu bwibanda ku bintu bishobora gutera kanseri y’ibere cyangwa ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago bijyanye n’amateka y’ubuzima bwawe. Bityo rero, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kugira uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima kugira ngo umenye neza.

Ariko, ubu buryo bwo gusuzuma ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y'ibere buracyakoreshwa n'abaganga kuko buhagije kugira ngo butange isuzuma ry’ibyago by’umuntu. Abashakashatsi barimo gushaka uburyo bwo kunoza imikorere yabwo.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Sawa, rero ndizera ko wabonye ibitekerezo bimwe na bimwe mu byo twaganiriyeho.

Isuzuma ry’ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’ibere ntirishobora kukwereka neza niba uzarwara kanseri. Ariko, rishobora gufasha muganga wawe gusobanukirwa ibintu bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri.

Gusuzuma kanseri y'ibere ni ingenzi kuri buri wese. Gusuzuma ibyago ni kimwe mu bikoresho by'inyongera muganga ashobora gukoresha mu gukurikirana ubuzima bw'ibere ryawe. Iri suzuma rishobora kukwereka ikizamini cya BRCA. Ushobora gukenera gukorerwa ibizamini kenshi. Amaherezo, ibi byose bifasha muganga wawe gufatwa na kanseri hakiri kare, igihe ishobora gukira. Ntutinye rero kubivuganaho na muganga wawe, kandi ufate ingamba zikenewe.

Kanseri y'ibere , ibyago bya kanseri, ubuzima bw'abagore, gupima imiterere y'uturemangingo, mammogram, imisemburo, isuzuma ry'ibyago bya kanseri y'ibere