Ese nawe uri umuntu utabizi wishwe n'uyu mwicanyi utagira icyo avuga? Reka twige ku bijyanye n'uburozi bwa monoxide de carbone!

Twese twumvise umwanzi utagaragara, sibyo? Hari igihe uyu mwanzi ashobora kuba ari mu ngo zacu, ariko ntitubizi. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku wundi muntu uteje akaga ariko udafite impumuro kandi utagira ibara - uburozi bwa Carbon Monoxide. Ibi bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, bityo rero ni ngombwa cyane kubimenya.

Monoxide de carbone ni iki? Kuki ari akaga?

Mu magambo make, monoxyde de carbone ni gaze. Ariko ifite umwihariko. Iyi gaze nta ibara igira, nta mpumuro, nta buryohe igira . Ibyo bivuze ko ibyumviro byacu bitanu bitayimenya. Iki ni cyo kintu giteje akaga cyane.

Monoxide ya karuboni (CO) ikorwa iyo ibicanwa nka lisansi, peteroli, inkwi n'amakara bitaka neza, ni ukuvuga mu gihe cy'umuriro utarashya neza. Iyo iyi gazi yinjiye mu mibiri yacu mu buryo bwinshi, ishobora no gutera urupfu mu minota mike. Niba ukeka ko warozwe na CO, ugomba guhamagara inzego z'ubutabazi byihutirwa ako kanya .

Iyi monoxide ya karuboni (CO) ituruka he?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, iyi 'CO' ibaho iyo hatwitswe lisansi. Reba uburyo ibi bingana:

• Kuva kuri moteri z'ibinyabiziga nk'imodoka n'amakamyo. (Reba umwotsi uva ku modoka zishaje!)
• Moteri nto za lisansi (urugero: moteri zitanga lisansi, imashini zikata ubwatsi)
• Ibishyushya bikoresha lisansi (si ibyuma bishyushya amashanyarazi)
• Kuva mu ziko rya gazi cyangwa mu ziko
• Kuva kuri barbecue grills
• Amatara (cyane cyane amatara ya peteroli)
• Sisitemu zo gushyushya, amatanura yo mu rugo (ibi ntibikunze kuboneka mu gihugu cyacu, ariko bishobora kuboneka ahantu hamwe na hamwe)
• Ku bintu bitwika amakara, peteroli, gaze ya propane, cyangwa inkwi. Urugero, hari abantu bashyushya amakara mu nzu kugira ngo barinde imibu cyangwa kugira ngo ikomeze gushyuha mu gihe cy'ubukonje. Ibi bishobora kurekura CO2.

Igikuru ni uko ibi bikoresho niba bidakoreshejwe ahantu hahumeka neza, CO izarundanya maze igire uburozi.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu agire uburozi bwa monoxide de carbone?

Iki ni ikintu kibi cyane. Iyo ubwinshi bwa gazi ya `CO` buri hejuru cyane , uburozi bushobora kubaho mu minota itarenze itanu . Nubwo ubwinshi bwaba buri hasi gato, uburozi bushobora kubaho mu isaha imwe cyangwa ebyiri. Ibyo bivuze ko bigira ingaruka vuba kurusha uko tubitekereza.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara gute?

Nubwo imibare yo muri Sri Lanka atari yo, ibi ni ibintu bisanzwe ndetse no mu bihugu byateye imbere. Urugero, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, abantu barenga 400 bapfa buri mwaka bazize uburozi butunguranye bwa 'CO'. Abandi bagera ku 100.000 binjira mu byumba byita ku barwayi. Rero, iki si ikintu cyo gufata nk'ikintu cyoroshye.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'uburozi bwa monoxide de carbone (CO)?

Kumenya ibi bimenyetso bishobora gufasha kurokora ubuzima. Ibimenyetso biratandukanye bitewe n'urwego rw'uburozi bwa CO.

Ibimenyetso by'uburiganya hakiri kare

Ibi bisa n'ibimenyetso bisanzwe, bityo dushobora kutita ku byo umuntu avuga.

• Kubabara umutwe gato (nk'ibicurane)
• Kumva ufite isesemi (kumva usa n'uruka)
• Kugorwa no guhumeka (kumva umwuka ubuze gato)

Ibimenyetso byo guhura n'ibintu biri ku rugero rwo hagati

Iyo uhumeka CO nyinshi, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Kubabara mu gatuza
• Kuzungera no kugira intege nke
• Gucika intege / guta ubwenge
• Intege nke z'imitsi (kumva nk'aho ukuboko kwawe kuri kugenda gucika intege, nk'aho udashobora kugenda)
• Guhungabana mu mutwe (kudashobora kumenya ibiri kuba)
• Umutwe ukabije
• Kubabara mu nda, isesemi no kuruka

Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, sohoka vuba! Ntugagume mu nzu ngo utabare. Niba udashobora gusohoka mu mutekano, nibura fungura idirishya cyangwa urugi wicare hafi yaryo hanyuma utabare.

Ese ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara bitinze?

Yego, urashobora. Niba ukomeje guhumeka CO2 nkeya, ushobora kutabona ibimenyetso ako kanya. Ariko iyo gaze iracyari uburozi. Uko ukomeza kuyihumeka igihe kirekire, niko ishobora kwangiza umubiri wawe cyane. Niba rero ufite amakenga make ko wahuye na CO2, shaka inama kwa muganga.

Kuki uburozi bwa monoxide de carbone (CO) bubaho? Ni iki kiba ku mubiri?

Mu magambo make, biterwa no guhumeka umwuka wa `CO`. Iyo uyu mwuka wa `CO` winjiye mu bihaha byacu, ubuza ogisijeni kugera mu maraso yacu.

Tekereza kuri ubu buryo. Uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso yacu ni two dufata ogisijeni tukayikwirakwiza mu mubiri wose. Ogisijeni ni ingenzi kugira ngo ingingo zacu zikore neza. Ariko, utwo turemangingo dutukura dufata ogisijeni karubone vuba kandi cyane kurusha ogisijeni. Ibyo bivuze ko niba hari 'CO' mu maraso, uturemangingo dutukura tuzareka ogisijeni tugafata 'CO'.

Bityo rero, iyo duhumeka `CO` nyinshi, amaraso yacu yuzura `CO` aho kuba ogisijeni. Hanyuma, ingingo z'ingenzi nk'ubwonko n'umutima ntizibona ogisijeni ikenewe. Si ibyo gusa, `CO` ihuzwa na poroteyine zimwe na zimwe mu mubiri wacu ikangiza uturemangingo n'ingingo. Iyo duhumeka `CO` nyinshi cyane, dushobora gutakaza ubwenge, kubura umwuka no gupfa mu minota mike.

Iyo dukoresheje ibikoresho bikoresha lisansi (urugero: amashyiga ya gazi, moteri zitanga amashanyarazi) neza kandi tukabibungabunga, urugero rwa `CO` ntabwo rwangiza. Uburozi bwa `CO` bubaho iyo ibyo bikoresho bikoreshejwe ahantu hadafite umwuka mwiza . Urugero:

• Imodoka cyangwa ikamyo byatangiriye muri gareji ifunze.
• Sisitemu yo gusohora umwotsi mu modoka irafunze (urugero, bitewe n'ibyondo cyangwa ivumbi).
• Gukoresha icyuma gishyushya peteroli cyangwa icyuma gishyushya imigati gikoresha gaze mu nzu.

Ni nde ufite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura monoxide de carbone (CO2)?

Buri wese ari mu kaga. Cyane cyane mu mezi y'itumba (cyane cyane mu turere tw'imisozi miremire y'igihugu cyacu), ibyago ni byinshi kuko abantu bakoresha uburyo bwo gushyushya kenshi. Ariko, hari abantu bagerwaho n'ingaruka zoroshye zo kubagwaho n'urugero ruto rwa CO2:

• Intanga (abana) zikurira mu nda ya nyina
• Abana bato
• Abantu bakuru bafite imyaka irenga 65
• Abantu batuye mu turere turimo imisozi miremire (nk'agace kacu ka Nuwara Eliya)
• Abantu bafite indwara z'umutima zidakira, kubura amaraso, cyangwa ibibazo by'ubuhumekero
• Abantu bakoresha ibikomoka ku itabi (abanywa itabi)

Nanone, abantu bato (urugero, abana bato) n'amatungo bashobora kwibasirwa cyane n'ingaruka z'uburozi bwa CO. Inyamaswa zo mu rugo akenshi ni zo zigaragaza ibimenyetso bwa mbere.

Niba ukorera ahantu hakoreshwa moteri zitwika cyangwa aho ukorera umuriro, uba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura uburozi bwa CO. Urugero, amaboiler, ububiko, n'inganda zitunganya peteroli bishobora kuba birimo urugero rwa CO2 rwangiza. Abantu bakora mu mirimo ikurikira bari mu kaga gakomeye:

• Abazimya umuriro
• Abatekinisiye (Makeup)
• Abashoferi
• Abantu basudira

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'ubu burozi?

Uburozi bwa CO bushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Ndetse n'iminota mike yo kubikora ishobora kwica. Ariko, iyo bumenyekanye kandi bugavurwa vuba, ingaruka zishobora gusubizwa inyuma. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe uburozi bwa CO bushobora gutera ibibazo by'ubuzima by'igihe kirekire nka:

• Guhumeka bigoranye
• Indwara ya Parkinson
• Gutakaza kwibuka
• Indwara z'umutima

Byongeye kandi, iyo umugore utwite ahuye n'indwara ya CO2, bishobora gutera gukura nabi kw'inda cyangwa gukura nabi kw'umwana uri mu nda .

Ni gute umuganga asuzuma ibi? (Isuzuma)

Muganga ashobora gusuzuma uburozi bwa CO akoresheje isuzuma ry'amaraso. Azafata icyitegererezo gito cy'amaraso yawe maze arebe urugero rwa CO ruri muri yo. Byongeye kandi, umuvuduko w'umutima wawe n'urugero rwa ogisijeni bishobora kugenzurwa hakoreshejwe igikoresho gito cyitwa finger oximeter.

Muganga azakubaza kandi amateka yawe yose y’uburwayi. Azabaza kandi uko wahuye na CO (urugero igihe n’aho wahuye). Ibi bibazo bishobora gufasha kumenya ingano ya CO ushobora kuba warahuye na yo.

Uburozi bwa monoxide de carbone (CO) buvurwa bute?

Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura uburozi bwa CO ni uguhumeka ogisijeni yuzuye. Muganga azagushyiraho agapfukamunwa ka ogisijeni maze aguhe ogisijeni binyuze muri ako gapfukamunwa. Ibi bizatangira gukuraho CO yishyize mu mubiri wawe.

Niba ukeka ko wahuye n’indwara ya CO cyangwa warozwe, hamagara inzego z’ubutabazi bwihuse (urugero, 911) vuba, sohoka utegereze ubufasha. Niba udashobora gusohoka mu mutekano, fungura urugi cyangwa idirishya ugume hafi yaryo. Ibi bizagufasha guhumeka umwuka mwiza aho guhumeka umwuka wa CO.

Ese nshobora kuyivura ndi mu rugo?

Oya rwose! Niba utekereza ko ufite uburozi bwa CO, ntugerageze kubwivuriza mu rugo. Hamagara inzego z’ubutabazi bwihuse. Muganga ashobora kugenzura urugero rwa ogisijeni mu mubiri wawe kugira ngo arebe neza ko nta ngorane z’igihe kirekire ziterwa no guhura na CO.

Niba ufite CO mu nzu yawe, hita wimukira hanze kugira ngo ugire umwuka mwiza. Ntugasubire mu nzu kugeza igihe serivisi z'ubutabazi zibigutegetse. Hashobora kuba hakiri umwuka wa CO mu nzu. Umuhanga mu by'inzobere ashobora kugenzura ibikoresho byawe kugira ngo arebe neza ko bifite umwuka uhagije kandi ko ibikoresho byose bikora neza. Shyiramo icyuma gipima monoxide ya karubone. Kizakumenyesha niba hari CO yavuyemo.

Ubu burozi bumara igihe kingana iki?

Ibimenyetso by'uburozi bworoheje bwa CO bikunze gutangira kugabanuka vuba iyo wimukiye ahantu hari umwuka mwiza cyangwa uhumeka ogisijeni yuzuye ukoresheje agapfukamunwa ka ogisijeni. Bishobora gufata amasaha 24 kugira ngo CO ive mu mubiri burundu. Rero, ibimenyetso bishobora gukomeza kugaragara muri icyo gihe. Hari igihe, bimwe mu bimenyetso bishobora gukomeza kugeza ku byumweru bibiri nyuma yo kwandura CO.

Ni gute twakwirinda uburozi bwa monoksade karubone (CO)? (Kwirinda)

Gukurikiza izi nama bizagufasha cyane kwirinda uburozi bwa CO:

Igenzura rya buri mwaka

Buri mwaka mu ntangiriro z'igihe cy'ubukonje (cyangwa nibura rimwe mu mwaka niba ukoresha ibikoresho bya lisansi kenshi) gira umuhanga mu by'ubuhanga agenzure ibikoresho bikoresha lisansi mu rugo rwawe. Ibi birimo:

• Amatanura ya peteroli na gaze (ake mu gihugu cyacu)
• Ibishyushya amazi bya gaze
• Ibikoresho byo gusiga gazi n'amatanura
• Utwuma twumisha imyenda (imyenda yumisha)
• Ibishyushya ikirere bikoresha gazi cyangwa peteroli
• Ibikoresho by'umuriro
• Amashyiga y'inkwi
• Amafuru n'imiyoboro y'amazi (reba niba hari ibiziba n'imiturire)

Witondere guhitamo no gukoresha ibikoresho.

Niba ukoresha ibikoresho bikoresha lisansi, fata ingamba zikurikira:

• Hitamo ibikoresho byagenewe gusohora umwotsi. Bigomba gushyirwaho kandi bigafatwa neza.
• Gura ibikoresho bya gazi bifite kashe y'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ibizamini.
• Kurikiza amabwiriza mu gihe ukoresha igikoresho icyo ari cyo cyose gikoresha lisansi.
• Koresha lisansi ikwiye ku byuma bishyushya gazi cyangwa peteroli bidafite umwuka. Fungura inzugi ku mpande z'inzu hanyuma ureke idirishya rifunguye gato.
• Niba ukeka ko hari ikibazo kiri mu gikoresho cyawe cya lisansi, gisha inama umuhanga mu kugisuzuma.
• Ntuzigere ukoresha ifuru ya gazi cyangwa icyuma cyumisha imyenda kugira ngo ushyushye inzu yawe.
• Ntukaryama mu cyumba gifite icyuma gishyushya peteroli cyangwa icyuma gishyushya gaze kidahumeka.

Shyiramo icyuma gipima monoxide ya karuboni (CO detector)

Shyiramo imashini ipima monoxide ya karubone ikoreshwa na bateri (cyangwa ikoresha bateri) mu rugo rwawe. Ugomba gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Suzuma icyuma gipima ikirere (CO detector) cyawe hafi kabiri mu mwaka (urugero: iyo uhinduye isaha) kugira ngo urebe neza ko gikora neza. Simbuza icyuma gipima ikirere buri myaka itanu.
• Hindura bateri z'icyuma gipima umuriro buri gihe (nibura buri mezi atandatu).
• Icyo cyuma gipima amakuru kigomba gushyirwa ahantu ushobora kumva integuza niba cyumvikana.

Wite ku guhumeka neza mu kazi.

Niba ukorera ahantu hashobora kuba hari CO nyinshi, ambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda (urugero: imashini ihumeka). Nanone, menya neza ko aho ukorera hari umwuka mwiza. Niba hari umwuka mwiza, menya neza ko nta kintu na kimwe cyabuza umwuka gutembera imbere y'imyobo.

Niba ukeka ko wahuye n’indwara ya CO cyangwa ufite ibimenyetso by’uburozi bwa CO, hita uva aho hantu, ujye mu mwuka mwiza, hanyuma uhamagare inzego z’ubutabazi bw’ibanze.

Ubundi buryo bwo kugabanya ibyago

Kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kwandura CO, irinde ibi bintu:

• Gusiga imodoka cyangwa ikamyo irimo kwiruka muri gareji. Ntukabikore nubwo umuryango wa gareji waba ufunguye. Umwotsi ushobora kwiyongera vuba kandi niba gareji ifatanye n'inzu, ishobora no kwinjira mu nzu.
• Gukoresha grill y'amakara cyangwa grill ya gaze imbere mu nzu.
• Gukoresha ibikoresho bito bikoresha lisansi ahantu hafunze. Ibi birimo imashini zikata ibyatsi, imashini zimesa amashanyarazi, imashini zica ibyatsi, imashini zisohora urubura, imashini zica imitsi, cyangwa imashini zitanga moteri. (Mu gihugu cyacu, abantu benshi ntibabitekerezaho iyo bakoresha imashini zitanga moteri. Iyo umuriro ubuze, imashini ishobora gushyirwa mu nzu, cyangwa ahantu hadafite umwuka mwiza. Ibi ni akaga!)

Ese uburozi bwa monoxide de carbone (CO) bushobora kwica?

Yego, urashobora. Uburozi bwa CO bushobora kwica. Iyo uhumekeye CO nyinshi, ishobora kwinjira mu mubiri wawe ikakwica mu minota mike. Niba ukeka ko wahuye na CO cyangwa uri gukorerwa uburozi, jya mu mwuka mwiza ako kanya kandi uhamagare inzego z'ubutabazi bwihuse.

Hari igihe umuntu usinziriye ashobora gupfa mbere yuko ahura n'ibimenyetso. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane gushyiramo icyuma gipima `CO` mu nzu yawe gishobora kukwereka iyi myuka ihumanya mu gihe usinziriye.

Ni iki kizaba nyuma y'iki kibazo? (Icyizere)

Gukira kwawe biterwa n'ingano ya CO wahuye na yo n'igihe wamaze. Kuvurwa hakiri kare bishobora gukuraho ingaruka z'uburozi bwa CO. Ariko, hari ibyago byo kwangirika burundu ku bwonko bwawe n'umutima, bikenera ogisijeni nyinshi.

Ni gute nakwirinda? (Kwitaho / Inzogera yo gupima CO)

Shyiramo icyuma gipima monoxide ya karubone (CO detector) mu rugo rwawe. Iki gipima gisa n'icyuma gipima umwotsi, kandi bimwe bizana n'icyuma gipima umwotsi. Niba hari CO mu rugo rwawe, integuza izavuga. Numva integuza:

• Ntukajye gushaka aho lisansi ituruka.
• Sohoka ako kanya.
• Hamagara serivisi zihutirwa (urugero: 1990).
• Reba niba buri wese ari mu rugo.
• Ntugasubire mu nzu kugeza igihe abakozi b'ubutabazi bw'ibanze babigutegetse.

Ni ryari nkwiye gushaka inama kwa muganga? (Ni ryari nkwiye kujya kwa muganga wita ku buzima)

Niba ukeka ko wahuye n'indwara ya CO cyangwa warozwe, hamagara inzego z'ubutabazi bwihuse. Guma ahantu hatekanye, hanze (hari umwuka mwiza) mu gihe uhamagara ubufasha.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga?

Niba uri kuvurwa uburozi bwa CO, baza muganga wawe ibi bibazo:

• Ese iyi ngaruka izahoraho, cyangwa ingaruka zizashira uko igihe kigenda gihita?
• Ese nkeneye ubundi buryo bwo gukurikirana uburwayi bwanjye?
• Ni gute nakwirinda uburozi bwa CO?
• Ese nkeneye kuvurwa igihe kirekire?
• Ese hari ingaruka bigira ku buryo bwo kubyara cyangwa ku buryo bwo kubyara?

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya monoksade karubone (CO) na dioxyde karubone (CO2)?

Nubwo byombi ari imyuka irimo karubone, hari itandukaniro rinini hagati yabyo byombi.

• Monoxide ya karuboni (CO) ni ikintu kigizwe na atome imwe ya karuboni na atome imwe ya ogisijeni. CO ntabwo iboneka mu kirere cy'Isi mu buryo busanzwe. Ikorwa iyo ibintu bimwe na bimwe bihiye. Gutwika bisaba ogisijeni, kimwe n'ibikomoka kuri peteroli na gaze karemano. Iyo urugero rwa ogisijeni ruri hasi ahantu hari ikintu gihiye, monoxyde ya karuboni ikorwa nk'umusaruro w'imikorere ya shimi. CO ni umwuka w'uburozi. Guhumeka ingano nyinshi bishobora kwica.

• Diyokiside karuboni `(CO2)` ni ikintu kigizwe na atome imwe ya karuboni na atome ebyiri za ogisijeni. `CO2` ibaho mu buryo busanzwe mu bidukikije. Iyo duhumeka ogisijeni, diyokiside karuboni irasohoka mu mibiri yacu. `CO2` ntabwo ifatwa nk'umwuka w'uburozi, ariko ishobora guteza ibibazo by'ubuzima iyo iboneka mu rugero rwo hejuru. (urugero: kubura umwuka)

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Yego, uburozi bwa monoksade de carbone ni ikintu gikomeye. Ariko, niba tubizi kandi tugafata ingamba zo kwirinda, dushobora kwirinda uyu mwicanyi utagira icyo avuga.

Wibuke:

* `CO` nta ibara, impumuro, cyangwa uburyohe igira. Kubwibyo, biragoye kuyimenya.

* Mu gihe ukoresha ibikoresho bikoresha lisansi mu rugo (amashyiga ya gazi, moteri, amatara ya peteroli) , hagomba kuba hari umwuka mwiza.

* Niba bishoboka, shyiramo icyuma gipima `CO` mu rugo rwawe. Gishobora kurokora ubuzima.

* Menya ibimenyetso by'uburozi bwa CO (kubabara umutwe, isesemi, isereri, guhumeka bigoranye).

* Niba ukeka ko hari uburozi bwa CO, sohoka vuba uhamagare serivisi z'ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.

Ndizera ko aya makuru azagufasha wowe n'umuryango wawe kwirinda ubu burozi buteje akaga bwa 'CO`. Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

Monoxide ya karuboni , uburozi bwa CO, kubura umwuka, kuribwa umutwe, uburozi bwa gaze, umutekano, icyuma gipima CO