Kuziba kw'imitsi ijyana amaraso mu ijosi no kugira ibyago byo gucika intege mu bwonko: Menya uburyo bwo kuvura TCAR (Transcarotid Artery Revascularization)

Ushobora kuba warumvise umuganga avuga ati: "Umutsi munini w'amaraso mu ijosi ryawe urafunze, kandi ibi byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko." Ni ibisanzwe ko umuntu wese yumva afite ubwoba gato iyo yumvise ikintu nk'iki. Ariko ntugahangayike, kuko siyansi y'ubuvuzi yateye imbere kandi ubu hari uburyo bwiza cyane bwo kuvura indwara nk'izo. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri TCAR, uburyo bugezweho kandi bwizewe bwo kuvura bukoreshwa mu kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko.

TCAR ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye.

TCAR (Transcarotid Artery Revascularization) ni uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura busana imiyoboro minini y'amaraso mu ijosi ryawe bwitwa Carotid Artery . Tekereza ko hari ikintu nk'icyo kiba hano, nk'umuyoboro w'amazi wafunze mu rugo rwawe. Muri iyi miyoboro y'amaraso, ibintu nk'ibinure na cholesterol byirundanya bigatera urwego. Ibi tubyita 'Plaque' .

Uru ruhererekane rw'imitsi rugabanya umuyoboro w'amaraso buhoro buhoro. Ikintu kibi cyane ni uko iyo igice cy'iyi mitsi cyacitse kikabuza umuyoboro w'amaraso mu bwonko, cyangwa iyo iyi mitsi ihagaritse burundu gutembera kw'amaraso, indwara yo gucika kw'amaraso ishobora kubaho.

Kugira ngo hirindwe iyi ngaruka, abaganga bavura izi mbogamizi kugira ngo bazikureho. Hari uburyo butatu bw'ingenzi bwo kubikemura:

1. Guca inshinge mu mitsi yo mu nda (CEA): Ubu ni uburyo busanzwe bwo kubaga. Muganga atema ijosi, agafungura imitsi y'amaraso, hanyuma agakuramo plaque n'intoki.

2. Carotid Angioplasty na Stenting (CAS): Ibi bikubiyemo kohereza umuyoboro muto mu mitsi y'amaraso, akenshi mu kibuno cyangwa mu kuboko, ukagera ahantu hafunganye mu ijosi, hanyuma ugakoresha ikintu nk'umupira kugira ngo wongere kuziba. Hanyuma, hashyirwamo igikoresho gisa n'umuyoboro, cyitwa stent, kugira ngo umuyoboro udakomeza kuziba.

3. Uburyo bwo kuvura TCAR: Ubu buryo busa gato n'uburyo bwa CAS, ariko ni uburyo bugezweho kandi bwizewe. Aha, stent ishyirwa binyuze mu gukata gato mu ijosi, aho kuyishyira mu kibuno. Tuzavuga ku bintu byihariye by'ubu buryo nyuma.

Ni bande ubuvuzi bwa TCAR bukwiriye cyane?

TCAR yatangijwe bwa mbere ku barwayi bari bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo bivuye mu kubagwa mu buryo busanzwe (CEA). Ibintu bishobora kongera ibi byago birimo:

• Gusaza.
• Kuba hari indwara y'umutima cyangwa indwara y'ibihaha.
• Kugira inkovu ku ijosi kubera kubagwa ijosi mbere cyangwa kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imirasire.
• Iyo uruziga ruri ahantu hagoye kubagwa, nko munsi y'umusaya.

Ariko ubu buryo burimo gukoreshwa neza no ku barwayi bafite ibyago bisanzwe.

Witegura ute mbere yo kubagwa?

Iyo uhisemo kuvurwa na TCAR, muganga wawe azabanza gutumiza ibizamini byinshi.

• Gupima amaraso
• Gupima imitsi ya carotid mu ijosi hakoreshejwe ultrasound
• Isuzuma rya CT (CT Angiogram) ryihariye risuzuma imiyoboro y'amaraso mu ijosi no mu bwonko

Byongeye kandi, ushobora gutangira imiti myinshi yo kwitegura kubagwa. Iyi ishobora kuba irimo imiti igabanya cholesterol nka statins n'imiti igabanya amaraso nka aspirine.

Icy'ingenzi ni uko muganga azakugira inama yo kutarya cyangwa kunywa ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose nyuma ya saa sita z'ijoro mbere y'uko ubagwa. Ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza ayo mabwiriza neza.

Kubaga TCAR bikorwa gute?

Ubu buryo ni bwiza cyane kandi buteye imbere mu ikoranabuhanga. Dore ibibera mu cyumba cyo kubaga mu buryo bworoheje:

1. Anesthesia: Ibi bikorwa ukoresheje uburyo bwo gusinzira burundu (Anesthesia Rusange) cyangwa ugakoresha uburyo bwo gusinzira gusa ahantu hakikije ijosi ryawe (Anesthesia yo mu gace).

2. Sisitemu yo kuyungurura amaraso: Hanyuma, umuyoboro muto ushyirwa mu mutsi uri mu kibuno cyawe (umutsi wo mu kibuno). Hanyuma iyi miyoboro ikoreshwa mu gusubiza amaraso yasukuwe mu mubiri wawe.

3. Gukata ijosi: Gukata gato, gafite uburebure bwa santimetero imwe, bikorwa mu ijosi, hejuru gato y'igufwa ry'umugongo, ku ruhande rw'aho hirinzwe.

4. Gusubiza inyuma inzira y'amaraso: Noneho ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane kibaho. Indi miyoboro ishyirwa mu muyoboro wa carotide binyuze muri ako kantu gato, maze uwo muyoboro ugahuzwa n'umuyoboro uri mu gituza binyuze mu kayunguruzo kadasanzwe. Hanyuma, inzira y'amaraso iri mu muyoboro wa carotide irahindurirwa by'agateganyo kuva mu cyerekezo cy'ubwonko, ikajya mu kindi nzira!

5. Umutekano: Ibi bivuze ko nubwo hari uduce twa plaque twacika mu gihe cyo kubagwa, tutazajya mu bwonko. Ahubwo, amaraso arayungururwa, agafata imyanda yose, maze amaraso meza gusa agasubizwa mu mubiri binyuze mu mitsi iri mu gituza. Iyi ni yo ngamba nyamukuru y’umutekano ikumira ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo gucika kw’imitsi.

6. Gushyiramo stent: Ubu muganga akoresha insinga nto kugira ngo anyure aho hapfundikiye, akoresha umupira, hanyuma ashyiremo stent y'icyuma isa n'urushundura. Ibi bituma imiyoboro y'amaraso iguma ifunguye.

7. Kurangiza: Hanyuma imiyoboro yose irakurwaho, hanyuma uduce duto two mu mitsi no mu ijosi turadodwa. Igikorwa cyose kimara isaha imwe n'igice.

Gukira no kwitabwaho igihe kirekire

Nyuma yo kubagwa kwa TCAR, uzamara mu bitaro umunsi umwe. Muri iki gihe, abakozi b'abaganga bazahora bakurikirana uko umerewe. Kubera ko ubu ari ukubagwa guke cyane, ntibitinda gukira ibikomere.

Umaze gutaha, ugomba kwirinda guterura ibintu biremereye mu gihe cy'icyumweru kimwe. Vugana na muganga wawe igihe ushobora gusubira ku kazi. Ni ngombwa kandi kugenzura igikomere cyo mu ijosi ryawe buri gihe kugira ngo umenye neza ko gikize neza kandi urebe niba hari ibimenyetso by'ubwandu.

Igihe cyo guhamagara muganga

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bigaragaza ko igikomere cyanduye, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya:

• Umuriro
• Kumva ukonje no guhinda umushyitsi
• Ubutukura bukikije igikomere
• Amasohoro asa n'amazi ava mu gikomere

Nyuma yo guterwa stent, ufite inshingano zikomeye zo kurinda imiyoboro y'amaraso yawe kongera kuziba. Kugira ngo ubigereho, ugomba gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Reka kunywa itabi burundu.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
• Kurya indyo yuzuye irimo ibinure byinshi.
• Fata imiti muganga wawe yakwandikiye kugira ngo ugenzure cholesterol n'amaraso agwa ku gihe.