Ese igice cy'ubwonko bwawe kirimo kumanuka mu gahanga kawe? Reka twige kuri Chiari Malformation!

Ese hari igihe ubabara umutwe cyangwa ubabara ijosi? Cyangwa wumva urimo gutakaza uburinganire cyangwa kugenda wumva ugiye kugwa? Wenda ibi bintu si ibintu bitunguranye gusa. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara igoye gato, ariko abantu benshi ntibayizi. Iyo ni Chiari Malformation. Ntugahangayike, reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye.

Kurwara Chiari ni iki?

Mu magambo make, Chiari malformation ni indwara aho ingingo z'ubwonko ziri inyuma y'agahanga kawe, hepfo, zisunika hasi zikagenda zikura ku mugongo wawe. Tekereza agahanga kawe nk'inzu. Hari igihe ubwonko bwawe butagira umwanya uhagije wo kwinjira muri iyo nzu. Iyo bibaye, igice cy'ubwonko bwawe, cyane cyane ubwonko bwawe bwo mu mutwe, gisunika mu mwenge usanzwe uri hasi y'agahanga kawe - tubyita foramen magnum - kikamanuka kikanamanuka kigana ku mugongo wawe.

Ubwonko bwawe ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane mu bwonko bwawe. Bugenzura ibintu byinshi, harimo imitsi yawe, imiterere, kuringaniza, kuvuga, no guhuza imikorere . Rero, iyo iyi ndwara igize ubwonko, ibimenyetso bijyanye na bwo bitangira kugaragara. Urugero, ibintu nko gutakaza kuringaniza.

Iyo igice cy'ubwonko gisunitswe gitya, gikandagira ku rufatiro rw'agahanga. Ibi bibuza urujya n'uruza rw'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF). Aya mazi akingira ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo wawe, azenguruka intungamubiri n'imiti, kandi agakuraho imyanda. Rero iyo urujya n'uruza rw'aya mazi ruhungabanye, hashobora kubaho ibibazo bitandukanye.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa Chiari Malformation?

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi bw'iyi ndwara. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo:

• Ubwoko bwa Chiari malformation 0: Ibi ni gake cyane. Muri ubu bwoko, ibice bya cerebellum yawe bisohoka bike cyane cyangwa ntibisohoke na gato mu mwenge uri hasi y'agahanga kawe (foramen magnum). Ariko, hari urugero runaka rwo kuziba. Ibimenyetso biterwa n'urujya n'uruza rw'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) hafi y'inyuma y'agahanga kawe.

• Ubwoko bwa Chiari malformation type I: Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane. Aha niho igice cyo hasi cya cerebellum cyisunika mu mwenge uri hasi y'agahanga (foramen magnum). Uruti rw'umugongo wawe rusanzwe runyura muri uyu mwenge. Hari abantu bafite ubwoko bwa I bashobora kutagira ibimenyetso. Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu bwana cyangwa mu myaka y'ubukure.

• Ubwoko bwa kabiri bw'ubumuga bwa Chiari:Ibi bibaho mu gihe umwana ari mu nda, igihe umwana arimo gukura. Aha, cerebellum n'ubwonko bikura mu buryo budasanzwe, bigatera umuvuduko mu gahanga. Ubu bwoko bukunze kubaho hamwe na myelomeningocele, ubwoko bukomeye bwa spina bifida. Myelomeningocele ni indwara aho uruti rw'umugongo n'umuyoboro w'umugongo bidafunga neza mbere y'uko umwana avuka. Uruti rw'umugongo rurafungwa nyuma yo kuvuka, ariko indwara nk'ubumuga zishobora kubaho.

• Ubwoko bwa gatatu bwa Chiari malformation: Ubu nabwo bukunze kubaho gake cyane, kandi ni bwo bwoko bwa Chiari malformation bukabije cyane. Muri iki gihe, ibice bya cerebellum n'umugongo w'ubwonko bisohoka mu mwenge udasanzwe inyuma y'agahanga (atari foramen magnum). Byongeye kandi, bimwe mu bice bikikije ubwonko cyangwa umugongo nabyo bisohoka muri uyu mwenge. Ibi bitera kubyimba inyuma y'agahanga, byitwa encephalocele . Ubwoko bwa gatatu butera ibimenyetso bikomeye kandi bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga bitangira mu bwana. Aba bana bashobora kugira ibibazo by'imitsi, ubumuga bwo kwiga, no gucika intege . Ibi akenshi bisaba kubagwa.

• Ubwoko bwa IV bw'ubumuga bwa Chiari: Ibi nabyo ni gake cyane. Aha niho ubwonko ubwabwo buba butarakura neza, cyangwa ibice byabwo bikaba bitaraboneka. Ubwo bwoko nabwo burakomeye, akenshi bugashyira ubuzima mu kaga mu bwana.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara gute?

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko umuntu umwe ku bantu 1.000 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika gusa ashobora kuba afite Chiari Malformation. Nyamara, iyi ndwara ishobora kuba ikunze kugaragara cyane kuko hari abantu batagira ibimenyetso cyangwa ibimenyetso bigaragara mu gihe bakiri bato cyangwa bageze mu zabukuru.

Bimeze bite kugira ikibazo cya Chiari Malformation?

Niba ufite Chiari Malformation, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Kuribwa umutwe birangwa no kubabara cyane, cyane cyane inyuma y'umutwe, ijosi, cyangwa ku bitugu. Ubu bubabare bushobora kwiyongera iyo umuntu akorora cyangwa yitsamuye .
• Ibibazo byo kuringaniza no guhuza imikorere. Ushobora kumva uhinda umushyitsi iyo ugenda, nk'aho nta bushobozi ufite bwo kugenzura.
• Kuzungera no kubabara mu mutwe (kumva nk'aho ibidukikije birimo kuzunguruka).
• Intege nke z'imitsi.
• Kubura ibinya mu biganza cyangwa mu birenge, cyangwa kumva intoki, mu birenge cyangwa mu minwa bishyushye.
• Kumva umutima wawe urimo gusimbuka cyane (gutera cyane).
• Kubura ibitotsi n'umunaniro udashira.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bindi bya Chiari Malformation?

Dore ibindi bimenyetso bisanzwe:

• Impinduka mu kureba: Kubona kabiri, kutabona neza, gukora imyitozo idasanzwe y'amaso, no kumva urumuri.
• Ibibazo byo kumva: Gutera amajwi mu matwi (tinnitus) cyangwa kubura amatwi.
• Ingorane zo kumira: gutemba amate, kuruka, kumva umuhogo wawe ufunze, bigatuma bigorana kurya, kunywa no kuvuga.
• Indwara ya Scoliose.
• Kudashobora kugenzura inkari cyangwa amabyi.
• Kunanirwa.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka mu gihe cyo gusinzira (sleep apnea).

Icy'ingenzi: Ibi bimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye. Hari abantu batagira ibimenyetso, abandi bafite ibimenyetso byoroheje, abandi bafite ibimenyetso bikomeye cyane. Hari abantu bashobora kugira ibimenyetso kuva bakivuka. Abandi bashobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso nyuma, mu bwana cyangwa mu myaka y'ubukure. Ibimenyetso bishobora kandi gushonga no kugabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera Chiari Malformation?

Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo igice cyo hasi cy'ubwonko bwawe gisunikiwe mu muyoboro w'umugongo cyangwa foramen magnum (aho ubwonko n'umugongo bihurira). Impamvu nyamukuru ibitera ni ukudakora neza kw'imiterere y'ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo. Ibi bivuze ko ingano y'agahanga mu gace aho cerebellum iherereye ari ntoya ugereranyije n'uko byari byitezwe. Ibi bishyira igitutu kuri icyo gice cy'ubwonko, bigatuma cerebellum ikura hasi ahantu hatunguranye. Ibi bikunze kubaho mu gihe umwana akura.

Ubusembwa bwa Chiari akenshi buvukanwa. Ariko, ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara nyuma y'ubuzima. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'impinduka mu miterere y'uturemangingo akenshi ikomoka ku muryango wawe, cyangwa bikaba ibintu bibaho mu buryo butunguranye nyuma yo gusama.

Ariko, ni gake cyane, umuntu utavukanye iyi ndwara ashobora kugira ikibazo cya Chiari mu myaka ye ya nyuma. Muri ibyo bihe, imiterere y'agahanga cyangwa uruti rw'umugongo ishobora guhinduka bitewe n'impamvu zikurikira:

• Ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko.
• Ikibyimba.
• Udukoko tw'amaraso (Hematoma).
• Indwara ya Hydrocephalus.
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu bwonko cyangwa pseudotumor cerebri.

Hari igihe Chiari malformation ishobora kubaho hamwe n'izindi ndwara zisanzwe, nko:

• Indwara ya Goldenhar.
• Achondroplasia.
• Indwara z'imitsi ihuza ingingo nka Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.
• Umugongo wijimye.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera Chiari Malformation?

Iyi ndwara ishobora kugira ingaruka ku muntu uwo ari we wese, ariko iyo hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe uyirwaye, uba ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indwara ya Chiari malformation.

Ni izihe ngorane ziterwa na Chiari Malformation?

Ubusembwa bwa Chiari bushobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima no gutinda mu mikurire. Zimwe mu ngorane zirimo:

• Hydrocephalus: Iyi ni indwara ishyira ubuzima mu kaga. Iyi ni igihe amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) yiyongera mu bwonko bwawe. Ibi bibaho iyo CSF ​​idashobora gusohoka neza. Iyo CSF ​​yiyongera, umuvuduko uri mu gahanga uriyongera. Ibi bishobora gutera ibibazo mu mikorere y'ubwonko no kugorama k'umutwe . Iyo itavuwe, ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Iyi ngorane ikunze kugaragara mu ndwara ya Chiari malformation type II.

• Syringomyelia na Hydromyelia: Iyo amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) hagati y'ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo adatembera neza, ashobora kwirundanya imbere mu mugongo. Uku kwiyongera kw'amazi bishobora kwangiza umugongo no gutera ibimenyetso nko kugira ibibazo byo kugenda no kuringaniza, ububabare, intege nke z'imitsi, imitsi icika intege, ibinya, kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe n'ubukonje, no kubura uburyo bwo kugenzura uruhago n'amara .

• Indwara yo kugongana kw'imitsi: Abana bavukanye myelomeningocele (ubwoko bukomeye bwa spina bifida) baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara yo kugongana kw'imitsi uko bagenda bakura. Ibi bibaho iyo umugongo wabo ufashe ku mugongo bitewe n'inkovu nyuma yo kubagwa uruti rw'umugongo. Iyi ndwara ishobora kwangiza imitsi buhoro buhoro ikagira ingaruka ku mitsi yo hasi n'amaguru. Ishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'amara n'inkari.

Byongeye kandi, ibimenyetso bya Chiari malformation bishobora kugira ingaruka ku byiyumvo byawe, cyane cyane niba ufite ikibazo cyo kubura ibitotsi cyangwa umutwe ukabije. Hari abantu bashobora no kurwara indwara nko kwiheba . Niba iyi ndwara igize ingaruka ku byiyumvo byawe, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa umujyanama w’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe .

Ni gute indwara ya Chiari malformation ipimwa?

Umuganga azasuzuma iyi ndwara nyuma yo gusuzumwa neza. Muganga wawe azasuzuma uko ugenda, uburyo uhagaze, n'uko wumva umerewe mu maboko no ku maguru . Byongeye kandi, azareba ibimenyetso by'ibibazo byo kwibuka, ibibazo byo kwiga, n'ubutinda bw'imikurire y'abana.

Kugira ngo yemeze ko indwara ihari, muganga azagutegeka ko hakorwa ibizamini byo gufata amafoto arambuye y'ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo wawe. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo:

• Isuzuma rya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Ibi bishobora kubona neza ingingo zoroshye n'amagufwa. Bifasha muganga kubona ubwonko bwawe, uruti rw'umugongo, n'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF). Bishobora kandi kureba aho ubwonko bw'umugongo bugeze mu muyoboro w'umugongo.
• MRI ya Cine: Ibi bisa na MRI isanzwe, ariko bituma muganga abona imiterere y'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) azenguruka igice cyo hasi cy'agahanga.
• Isuzuma rya CT (Computed Tomography): Isuzuma rya CT rifasha kumenya ibibazo biri mu magufwa y'ishingiro ry'agahanga n'umugongo.
• X-ray: Imirasire ya X-ray ifatwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ibitagenda neza mu magufwa y'agahanga n'ijosi.

Hari igihe indwara za Chiari zishobora kugaragara mu gihe cyo gupimwa hifashishijwe ultrasound , ari byo bizamini bikoresha amajwi kugira ngo hakorwe amashusho y’uturemangingo tworoshye.

Niba udafite ibimenyetso bya Chiari malformation, ushobora gufatwa n'iyi ndwara iyo ukoze ikizamini cyo gupima ku mpamvu idafite aho ihuriye n'iyo.

Indwara ya Chiari ivurwa ite?

Muganga wawe azategura gahunda yo kugufasha bitewe n'uburemere bw'ibimenyetso byawe. Niba nta bimenyetso ufite, nta buvuzi bukenewe. Muganga wawe azakurikirana ubuzima bwawe akoresheje MRI scans buri gihe.

Ku bimenyetso byoroheje nko kubabara umutwe cyangwa kubabara mu ijosi, ushobora kugerageza ibi bikurikira:

• Kunywa imiti igabanya ububabare cyangwa imiti ifasha mu kurwanya ibimenyetso.
• Kwitabira ubuvuzi bwa massage cyangwa ubuvuzi bw'umubiri.
• Kugabanya imyitozo ngororamubiri nko guterura ibiremereye.
• Gukoresha ibikoresho nk'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi cyangwa indorerwamo ku barwayi bafite ubumuga bwo kutumva cyangwa kureba.

Kubaga indwara ya Chiari

Mu bihe bikomeye bya Chiari malformation, kubagwa bishobora kuba ngombwa. Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kubaga:

• Kubaga indwara y'umutwe: Umuganga ubaga akuramo agace gato k'igufwa mu gahanga kawe kugira ngo agabanye umuvuduko ku bwonko no gufasha gutembera kw'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF).
• Gukuraho imyakura y'inyuma: Ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane mu kuvura indwara ya Chiari. Umuganga ubaga akuraho igice cy'inyuma cy'agahanga (cyitwa posterior fossa) kugira ngo agabanye umuvuduko ku bwonko no guha ubwonko umwanya munini.
• Kubaga Laminectomy:Bitewe n'ubukana bw'indwara ya Chiari, umuganga ubaga azakuraho igice gito cy'amagufwa atwikiriye uruti rw'umugongo wawe kugira ngo asubize urujya n'uruza rw'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) kandi atange umwanya munini w'umugongo.
• Duraplasty: Muri ubu buryo bwo kubaga, umuganga afungura dura (ururenda rw'inyuma rw'ubwonko bwawe). Hanyuma, umuganga adoda agace ko kwagura ururenda, bigatuma ubwonko burushaho kubona umwanya. Ubu buryo bwo kwagura agace kandi bukagabanya umuvuduko ku bwonko.
• Electrocautery: Kugira ngo habeho umwanya munini kandi habeho uburyo bwo gutemba bw'ubwonko (CSF), abaganga babaga bakoresha amashanyarazi make kugira ngo bagabanye agace gato k'ubwonko bwawe kitwa cerebellar tonsils. Izi tonsils ziragabanuka zitagize icyo zangiza ubwonko cyangwa imitsi.
• Gushyira shunt mu gituza: Niba urwaye hydrocephalus, umuganga wawe azashyira shunt, cyangwa umuyoboro, mu gituza cyawe kugira ngo akuremo amazi y'inyongera yo mu bwonko (CSF). Aya mazi azava mu gituza cyawe no mu bwonko hanyuma agere mu kindi gice cy'umubiri wawe.

Ese hari ingaruka mbi zikomoka ku buvuzi?

Mbere yuko utangira kuvurwa, muganga wawe azakubwira ingaruka mbi z’ubuvuzi kugira ngo ubashe gufata icyemezo cy’ukuri ku buzima bwawe. Kubagwa kose bigira ingaruka mbi. Kubagwa ubwonko bwawe n’agahanga bifite ibyago byinshi kuko gucibwamo no gukorerwaho ibikorwa biri hafi y’ubwonko. Ushobora kandi gukenera kubagwa kenshi uko ugenda ukura.

Nzumva meze neza vuba gute nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Bitewe na gahunda yo kuvura wowe na muganga wawe mwahisemo, ushobora kuruhuka ibimenyetso byoroheje vuba nyuma yo gufata imiti igabanya ububabare cyangwa nyuma yo kujya kwivuza. Gukira nyuma yo kubagwa bishobora gufata ibyumweru bike kugeza ku mezi make. Ushobora kubona ko ibimenyetso byawe bishira cyangwa bikagabanuka cyane nyuma yo kubagwa.

Ese Chiari Malformation ni indwara ikomeye?

Hari igihe indwara ya Chiari ishobora kuba mbi cyane, ariko si buri gihe. Kenshi na kenshi, abana bavukana indwara ya Chiari. Ariko, ibimenyetso ntibihora bigaragara, kandi indwara ishobora kugaragara nyuma y’igihe gito, haba mu bwana cyangwa mu myaka y’ubukure, iyo muganga ategetse ko hakorwa ikizamini cyo gupima ku mpamvu idafite aho ihuriye n’iyo.

Nubwo nta muti wuzuye w’indwara ya Chiari, uburyo bwo kuvura nko kubaga bushobora kugufasha kugenzura ibimenyetso byawe, kugukomeza neza, no gukumira ingorane zishobora gushyira ubuzima bwawe mu kaga.

Ni iki giteganijwe ku hazaza muri iki kibazo?

Uko ubona ibintu biterwa n'ubukana n'ubwoko bw'indwara ya Chiari. Ni ngombwa gukorana bya hafi n'umuganga wawe n'itsinda ryita ku barwayi. Bashobora gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe no kugena gahunda nziza yo kuvura.

Imyaka yo kubaho k'umuntu ufite Chiari Malformation ni iyihe?

Niba nta bimenyetso ufite cyangwa ibimenyetso byoroheje gusa nyuma yo gupimwa indwara ya Chiari malformation, ushobora kugira igihe cyo kubaho gisanzwe . Ibimenyetso bikomeye n'ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa Chiari malformation bishobora kwica. Vugana na muganga wawe icyo wakwitega nyuma yo gupimwa.

Ese Chiari Malformation ishobora kwirindwa?

Kugeza ubu nta buryo buzwi bwo gukumira iki kibazo.

Niba uteganya gutwita, ganira na muganga wawe ku buryo bwo kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza. Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gufata vitamine nka aside folike buri gihe . Ibi bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kubyara umwana ufite spina bifida. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo gupima imiterere y'umubiri , kugira ngo usobanukirwe ibyago byo kubyara umwana ufite ikibazo cy'imiterere y'umubiri.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Shaka muganga niba ubonye ibimenyetso by'indwara ya Chiari, cyangwa niba ibimenyetso byawe birushijeho kwiyongera. Niba ufite umwana ufite indwara ya Chiari kandi akaba adafite intambwe zijyanye n'imyaka ye, vugana na muganga we. Nyuma yo kubagwa, niba agaragaje ibimenyetso by'ubwandu, nko kubabara cyane, kubyimba, cyangwa igikomere cyo kubagwa kidakira , hamagara muganga wawe.

Ubutabazi bwihutirwa! Niba wowe cyangwa uwo ukunda agize isereri bwa mbere, hamagara inzego z'ubutabazi bwihutirwa zo mu gace utuyemo cyangwa 1990 ako kanya.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indwara ya Chiari mfite?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubuvuzi usaba?
• Ni kangahe ukeneye gupimwa na MRI kugira ngo ukurikirane iki kibazo?
• Ese uragira inama yo kubagwa?
• Ese hari ingaruka mbi zikomoka ku buvuzi?
• Ese ibi bizaba ku bana banjye b'ejo hazaza?

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Ubusembwa bwa Chiari bugira ingaruka zitandukanye kuri buri wese. Ushobora kuba nta bimenyetso ufite na gato, cyangwa bikaba byoroshye cyane ku buryo bitagira ingaruka cyane ku mirimo yawe ya buri munsi. Abandi bashobora kugira ibimenyetso bikomeye, akenshi bibabuza gukora neza, bityo bikaba ngombwa ko babagwa. Inkuru nziza ni uko hari uburyo bwo kuvura ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'iyi ndwara bushobora gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso no gukumira ingorane zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.Niba ibimenyetso byawe bitarushijeho kuba byiza, cyangwa ukarwara indwara zandurira mu mubiri nyuma yo kubagwa, hamagara muganga wawe. Ntugahangayike, uramutse uhawe inama n'ubufasha bikwiye, ushobora kubaho neza muri iki kibazo.

` Chiari Malformation, Indwara z'ubwonko, Cérebellum, Umutwe, Ubumenyi bw'imitsi, Udukoko two mu bwonko