Ese uzi aka gakingirizo gato kari mu jisho ryawe? Reka tuvuge ku gakingirizo k'ijisho!

Iyo urebye ijisho ryawe mu ndorerwamo, hari igice gisobanutse neza, gisongoye gisa n'ikirahure imbere, sibyo? Ni cyo twita cornea. Kimwe n'ikirahure cy'imodoka, ibi ni nk'igikingira kibuza ibintu nk'umukungugu na mikorobe kwinjira mu maso yacu. Nanone, imiterere y'iri cornea ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo tuyibone neza.

Imboni y'amaso iri imbere y'icyumba cyuzuyemo amazi imbere mu jisho (`icyumba cy'imbere`). Iruhande rwaryo hari iris n'imboni y'amaso. Igice cy'ijisho cyera gikikije mboni y'amaso cyitwa sclera. Kubera ko mboni ari yo irinzi rya mbere ry'ijisho ryacu, ishobora kwangirika byoroshye n'impanuka n'imvune. Ariko igitangaje ni uko mboni y'amaso ishobora gukira vuba cyane, ndetse no mu bikomere bito.

Ni ibihe bice by'inyuma bya cornea?

Tekereza ko aka gakoko gato k'umuyoboro w'ijisho gafite ibice bitandatu (6) bifatanye hejuru y'ibindi. Kimwe n'ikirahure cyashyizwemo laminated, ibi bice bikorana kugira ngo bikomeze cornea.

• Epithelium: Uru ni urwego rw'inyuma rw'ijisho. Rukora nk'urukuta, rurinda mikorobe n'umukungugu kwinjira mu jisho. Uru rwego rushobora kwibasirwa cyane n'ububabare. Bivugwa ko rufite uburyo bwo kwakira ububabare inshuro 300-600 kurusha uruhu rwacu. Niyo mpamvu n'agace gato k'umwanda gashobora gutera ububabare budashobora kwihanganira mu maso yacu. Ubwo buryo bwo kwibasirwa burinda amaso yacu.

• Urusobe rwa Bowman: Uru ni urusobe rukomeye rukozwe muri kolajeni. Rufasha cornea kugumana imiterere yayo.

• Stroma: Uru ni urwego runini cyane rwa cornea. Ntabwo rukomeza cornea gusa, ahubwo runafasha mu kugarura urumuri rwinjira mu jisho no kurushyira neza kuri retina.

• Urusobe rwa Pre-Descemet (PDL): Uru rusobe rwitwa kandi "Urusobe rwa Dua." Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko uru ari uruzitiro rukomeye n'umwuka udashobora kunyuramo. Mu by'ukuri uru ni urusobe rushya, rwavumbuwe mu 2013.

• Urusobe rwa Descemet: Uru ni urusobe ruto, rurerure, ariko rukomeye cyane. Ni ingenzi cyane mu kurinda imbere mu jisho kwangirika no kwandura indwara.

• Endothelium: Uru rwego rushinzwe cyane cyane kubungabunga uburinganire bw'amazi mu mboni. Rugenzura ingano y'amazi akenewe kugira ngo stroma ikore neza.

Indwara n'ibibazo bikunze kwibasira cornea

Nubwo ari yo irinda amaso yacu, cornea ishobora no kwandura indwara zitandukanye, ibikomere, ndetse n'indwara zandura.

• Ijisho ryumye:Epithelium, ari na yo nyunganiramirire y'inyuma y'ijisho, ikenera amarira kugira ngo ikore neza. Amarira ashyira amavuta mu jisho kandi akarifasha kwinjiza umwuka wa ogisijeni mu kirere. Amaso yumye arababaza kandi ashobora kubangamira icyerekezo cyo kureba.

• Indwara: Iyo habayeho kwangirika ku buso bw'ijisho ry'umuyoboro w'amaraso, mikorobe - zirimo virusi, bagiteri, ibihumyo, n'udukoko - zishobora kwinjira byoroshye zigatera indwara.

• Keratite: Kwandura indwara, impanuka, n'izindi ndwara bishobora gutuma cornea ibyimba, itukura, kandi ikagira ububabare. Ibi byitwa keratite.

• Ibikomere: Kimwe n'ikirahuri cy'imodoka, cornea ishobora kwangirika n'ibintu byo hanze. Ibi bishobora gutera gushwanyagurika, gucika, no gukomereka.

• Kwangiza ibidukikije: Ubukonje bukabije, ubushyuhe, imiti (amazi cyangwa gaze), n'imirasire ya UV bishobora kwangiza cornea.

• Indwara z’imiterere y’umubiri (Dystrophies): Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zitera impinduka mu miterere n’imiterere y’inyuma y’amaso. Izi ndwara zikunze kwitwa `corneal dystrophies`. Keratoconus na Fuchs' dystrophy ni indwara ebyiri nk’izo.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura izi ndwara?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buratandukanye bitewe n'ikibazo kiri mu mboni. Muganga wawe ni we uzagena uburyo bwo kuvura bujyanye n'uburwayi bwawe.

• Uburyo bworoshye bwo kuvura: Ku bijyanye n'umuvuduko mu maso cyangwa kubabara mu maso, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukoresha ibinini by'amaso.
• Imiti: Imiti ikoreshwa, cyane cyane ku bintu nk'indwara zandura. Iyi ishobora kuza mu buryo bw'ibitonyanga by'amaso cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga, cyangwa nk'ibinini ufata.
• Gupfuka amaso: Hari igihe ushobora gusabwa kwambara agapfukamaso kugira ngo ukingire ijisho ryawe kugeza igihe cornea ikira.
• Kubaga hakoreshejwe laser: Ubwoko bw'ubuganga bwo gukosora amaso. Aha, umuyoboro wa laser ukoreshwa mu guhindura imiterere y'imboni y'umugongo. LASIK ni ubwoko buzwi cyane bwo kubaga.
• Kubagwa amaso: Kubagwa bishobora gusabwa kugira ngo hakosorwe ibyangiritse ku mboni y'amaso cyangwa kugira ngo hakosorwe indwara zimwe na zimwe.
• Guteranya cornea: Uko igihe kigenda gihita, cornea ishobora kuba irimo ibicu cyangwa ntishobore kugorama neza. Mu bihe bikomeye, cornea yangiritse ishobora gukenera gukurwaho hanyuma cornea nzima igaterwamo.

Ni gute warinda cornea yawe impanuka?

Bavuga bati: "Kwirinda biruta kwivuza." Ibyo ni ukuri 100% ku maso yacu. Kwambara indorerwamo cyangwa amadarubindi ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kurinda cornea impanuka. Aka kantu gato gashobora gukumira kwangirika gukomeye gushobora kubaho mu isegonda.

Menya neza ko wambaye indorerwamo z'umutekano mu bihe nk'ibi:

• Mu gihe ukoresha imashini n'ibikoresho: Ndetse no mu gihe ukoresha ibikoresho bito mu rugo, ni ngombwa mu gihe ukoresha ikintu nk'icyuma gisya cyangwa imashini itobora.
• Mu gihe ukora mu busitani: Mu gihe utema ubwatsi cyangwa ukoresha umusumeno, amabuye mato, ivumbi n'ibyatsi bishobora kuguruka mu maso.
• Mu gihe ukoresha imiti: Uko wakoresha ibikoresho byo gusukura urugo witonze gute nka bleach na cleaner toilet, bishobora kwinjira mu maso yawe.
• Mu gihe ukoresha umuriro n'ubushyuhe bukabije: Rinda amaso yawe umwotsi n'ubushyuhe biva ku muriro.
• Mu gihe ukina: Mu mikino ukinwa umupira wihuta cyane, nka cricket, tennis, na hockey.
• Iyo uhuye n'izuba rikabije: Iyo uri ku mucanga cyangwa ahantu hari urubura, imirasire ya UV ituruka mu mazi n'urubura ishobora gutwika cornea. Ibi byitwa photokeratitis . Koresha indorerwamo z'izuba zifite uburinzi bwiza bwa UV.

Wakora iki iyo ikintu kikugeze mu jisho?

Igikuru ni ukudatinya niba ikintu nk'agace k'umukungugu kikugeze mu jisho. Dore ibyo ugomba gukora n'ibyo utagomba gukora.

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, hita ubonana na muganga!

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, ntukirengagize. Shaka muganga ako kanya.

• Impinduka mu kureba: kureba kabiri, kutabona neza, kutabona neza.
• Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba butunguranye.
• Kumva ikintu cyafashe mu jisho (cyaba kigaragara cyangwa kitagaragara).
• Ububabare bukomeye bw'amaso.
• Guhora utose amaso (epiphora).
• Kudashobora kureba urumuri (photophobia).
• Gutukura cyangwa kubyimba kw'amaso.
• Igikomere ku jisho.
• Igikomere kigaragara, gushwanyagurika, cyangwa gukomereka ku jisho.