Wigeze wumva CMV, cyangwa Cytomegalovirus? Birashoboka ko atari byo. Ariko iyi ni virusi isanzwe cyane abenshi muri twe tugira mu buzima bwacu, ariko nta bimenyetso bikomeye igaragaza. Mu by'ukuri, iyi ni virusi iri mu muryango wa virusi ya herpes. Ariko kuri bamwe, cyane cyane ababyeyi batwite n'abafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye, ishobora kuba akaga gato. Reka tuvuge kuri byose kuri iyi CMV mu magambo yoroheje uyu munsi.
Ni nde wibasirwa cyane na virusi ya CMV?
Nubwo umuntu wese ashobora kwandura CMV, abantu benshi ntibagaragaza ibimenyetso. Ariko, hari amatsinda abiri aho ishobora kuba iteje akaga cyane .
Niba urwaye CMV mu gihe utwite...
Iyo wanduye CMV mu gihe cyo gutwita cyangwa mbere gato yo gutwita, iyi virusi ishobora kwanduzwa umwana wawe binyuze mu nyababyeyi. Ibi byitwa CMV yo mu nda . Ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo gukuramo inda no gutuma umwana avuka afite ibibazo bimwe na bimwe by'ubuzima. Urugero, ibibazo byo kureba cyangwa kumva no gutinda mu mikurire y'ubwenge.
Iyo umuntu ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budafite imbaraga arwaye CMV...
Niba wanduye agakoko gatera SIDA, cyangwa waratewe urugingo rw'umubiri cyangwa uturemangingo tw'umubiri kandi ukaba ufata imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe buba bufite intege nke ugereranije n'umuntu usanzwe. Iyi ndwara tuyita immunocompromised .
Niba warigeze kurwara CMV mbere, virusi ishobora kuba itaragaragara mu mubiri wawe. Iyo ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bucitse intege, virusi ishobora kongera gukora ikagutera indwara. Nubwo ibi bishobora kuba atari ikibazo gikomeye ku muntu muzima, ku muntu ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bucitse intege, kwandura ubwandu bushya bwa CMV cyangwa kongera kubyutsa ubwandu bwa kera bishobora guteza ingorane zikomeye.
Ni nde ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara CMV?
Ufite amahirwe menshi yo kwandura CMV niba uri muri aya matsinda:
- Niba uri umwana uri munsi y'imyaka 5. Ugereranyije, abana bagera kuri 33% baba bamaze kugira CMV.
- Niba ukora cyangwa ubana n'abana bari munsi y'imyaka 5. (urugero: abarimu b'incuke, ababyeyi)
- Niba ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye (urugero: abarwayi ba virusi itera SIDA, abahabwa izindi ngingo)
- Niba utuye hafi y'abantu benshi (urugero: amacumbi)
Indwara ya CMV ni indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane, atari mu gihugu cyacu gusa, ahubwo no mu bihugu byinshi ku isi. Imibare igaragazwa mu bihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kimwe cya kabiri cy'abaturage bafite imyaka 40 na 90% bafite imyaka 80 baba baranduye iyi virusi.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ubwandu bwa CMV?
Ibimenyetso bya CMV bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye. Biterwa ahanini n'ibintu byinshi, nko kuba ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bw'umuntu wanduye buhagaze neza ndetse niba ubwandu bwaravukanye cyangwa bwarabonetse.
Reka tubirebe mu mbonerahamwe kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe neza.
| Itsinda ry'abanduye | Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara |
|---|---|
| Abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buzira umuze | Abantu benshi nta bimenyetso bagira. Bamwe bashobora kurwara indwara yitwa mononucleosis . - Umunaniro - Ububabare bw'imitsi - Kubira ibyuya - Umutwe - Kubabara mu muhogo - Uduce tw'imitsi twabyimbye - Ibisebe ku ruhu |
| Abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budafite ubushobozi bwo kuvura | Ibimenyetso biratandukanye bitewe n'igice cy'umubiri virusi yibasira. - Umuriro - Umunaniro - CMV pneumonite: iterwa n'ibihaha (kugorwa no guhumeka, inkorora) - CMV retinitis: ifitanye isano n'amaso (kubona nabi, gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kubona) - Gastritis/colitis ya CMV: igifu/amara (kubabara igifu, amaraso mu mwanda, isesemi, kuruka, impiswi) - CMV encephalitis: iterwa n'ubwonko ( gufatwa n'igicuri , kuribwa umutwe, urujijo) |
| Abana banduye CMV igihe bavuka (Congenital CMV) | Hari abana bashobora kutagira ibimenyetso mu gihe cyo kuvuka, ariko bashobora kubibona nyuma. Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu gihe cyo kuvuka: - Kubyara ufite ibiro bike - Anemia - Guhinduka umuhondo ku ruhu no ku maso (jaundice) - Uduheri dutukura munsi y'uruhu (purpura cyangwa petechiae) - Ubwinshi bw'umwijima (hepatomegaly) - Kwaguka k'agasabo k'inkari (splenomegaly) - Umutwe muto (microcephaly) - Indwara zo mu mutwe - Ubumuga bwo kutumva - Gutinda mu iterambere ry'ubuhanga bw'imitsi |
Ni gute virusi ya CMV yandurira mu bantu?
CMV yandurira mu mazi aturuka ku muntu wanduye. Harimo amacandwe, inkari, amaraso, amashereka n'amasohoro. Uburyo busanzwe ikwirakwiramo ni ubu:
- Bikekwa ko yandurira mu gukora ku nkari no mu macandwe, cyane cyane ku bana bato n'abagore batwite.
- Binyuze mu mibonano mpuzabitsina. Ariko, CMV ntabwo ifatwa nk'indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STIs).
- Binyuze mu konsa (kuva ku mubyeyi wanduye kugeza ku mwana we)
- Kuva mu guterwa amaraso cyangwa guterwa ingingo.
Wamenya ute ko ufite ubwandu bwa CMV?
Abaganga bakoresha cyane cyane ibipimo by'amaraso, inkari, cyangwa amacandwe kugira ngo bamenye ubwandu bwa CMV. Kubera ko akenshi idatera ibimenyetso bikomeye, abantu bazima ntibakenera ibi bipimo.
Ariko, niba ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budafite ubushobozi bwo kuvura cyangwa umwana wawe w'uruhinja afite ibimenyetso bya CMV byavuzwe haruguru, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kubipima.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura CMV?
Ubwandu bwa CMV buvurwa n'imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi nka ganciclovir cyangwa valganciclovir . Iyi miti iterwa mu mitsi cyangwa nk'ibinini binyobwa.
Ariko icy'ingenzi ni uko ubu buvuzi buhabwa gusa abantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye ndetse n'impinja zivuka zifite ibimenyetso bya CMV. Iyo umuntu ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buzima arwaye CMV, umubiri usanzwe ukira ubwawo nta buvuzi.
Iyi miti ntishobora gusubiza inyuma ibyangiritse byamaze kubaho (urugero: gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva). Ariko, ishobora gukumira ibindi byangiritse. Abana bavukanye CMV bashobora kandi gufashwa mu mikurire yabo binyuze mu buryo bwo kuvura nko kuvuga.
Ni gute wakwirinda CMV?
Niba utwite cyangwa ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye, ugomba kwitonda cyane kugira ngo wirinde CMV. Ikintu cyiza wakora ni ukwirinda ko byagera ku mazi y'abandi.
- Ntugasangire ibiryo, ibiyiko, amakanya n'ibikombe n'abana bato.
- Ntugashyire umwana mu kanwa agakoresho ko gufunga.
- Nyuma yo guhindura umwana ipantaro cyangwa gufasha umwana kujya mu bwiherero, karaba intoki zawe neza n'isabune.
- Koresha agakingirizo mu gihe urimo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina.
- Niba waratewe urugingo rw'umubiri, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti igabanya ubukana bwa CMV.
Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga?
Niba uri muri kimwe muri ibi bikurikira, ni ngombwa cyane kuvugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye na CMV.
- Niba ufite ibimenyetso bya CMV kandi ukagira ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye, hita ubonana na muganga.
- Niba ukeka ko umwana wawe uvutse afite ibimenyetso bya CMV yavutse.
- Niba ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bufite intege nke.
- Niba witegura cyangwa warakorewe guterwa urugingo.
- Niba utwite cyangwa uteganya gutwita.
Muri ibi bihe, muganga wawe azagusobanurira birambuye intambwe ugomba gutera kugira ngo wirinde CMV.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- CMV ni virusi ikunze kugaragara cyane, ubusanzwe ntacyo itwaye abantu bazima.
- Ariko, iyi virusi ishobora guteza ingorane zikomeye cyane ku babyeyi batwite, ku bana bataravuka, ndetse no ku bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye .
- Ni ngombwa cyane cyane ko ababyeyi batwite n'abana bato birinda gukora ku mazi yo mu mubiri nk'amacandwe n'inkari no gukurikiza isuku yoroshye nko gukaraba intoki kenshi kandi neza.
- Niba uri mu itsinda ry’abantu bashobora guhura n’ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru, ntugatinye CMV, vugana na muganga wawe ku mugaragaro kandi ubone inama zikenewe.
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