Ese urwaye diyabete? Cyangwa hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe cyangwa inshuti yawe? Noneho ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byinshi ku binini n'inshinge za insuline muganga aguha. "Kuki wampaye uyu muti?", "Iki kinini gikora iki mu mubiri?", "Ese ngomba kugifata buri munsi?" Ibintu nk'ibyo bishobora kuza mu mutwe wawe. Ibi ni ibibazo bisanzwe, ntubihangayikishe. Uyu munsi, reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye, nk'aho twavuganye n'inshuti.
Reka tubanze turebe, kuki dukeneye imiti ivura diyabete?
Muri make, diyabete ni indwara aho umubiri wacu udashobora kugenzura neza urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yacu. Imibiri yacu ikenera imisemburo yitwa insuline kugira ngo ikoreshe isukari (glucose) iva mu byo turya. Muri diyabete, umusaruro w'iyi misemburo, insuline, uragabanuka, cyangwa umubiri ntusubize neza insuline ikora.
Iyo isukari ikomeje kwiyongera mu maraso igihe kirekire nta bushobozi ifite bwo kuyigenzura, amaso yacu, impyiko, umutima, n'imitsi bishobora kwangirika. Abaganga batanga imiti yo kwirinda izi ndwara zikomeye. Akamaro k'iyi miti ni ugufasha kugumana isukari mu maraso mu buryo butekanye.
Ni iyihe miti y'ingenzi ivura diyabete?
Imiti ivura diyabete ishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri by'ingenzi.
1. Imiti yo kunywa: Iyi ni yo abantu benshi batangirana nayo mbere na mbere.
2. Imiti iterwa mu rukingo: Iyi irimo insuline n'ubundi bwoko bushya bw'inshinge.
Muganga wawe ni we uzagufatira icyemezo niba uzahabwa ibinini, inshinge, cyangwa byombi. Ibi bizaterwa n'ibintu byinshi, harimo ubwoko bwa diyabete yawe (ubwoko bwa 1 cyangwa ubwoko bwa 2), urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe, imyaka yawe, n'izindi ndwara zose ushobora kuba ufite.
Reka twige ku binini bikunze gukoreshwa cyane.
Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibinini bikoreshwa mu kuvura diyabete muri Sri Lanka no ku isi yose. Buri kimwe muri byo gikora mu mubiri mu buryo butandukanye gato. Reka turebe ubwoko bw'ingenzi.
| Izina ry'Icyiciro cy'Ibiyobyabwenge | Uko bikora imbere mu mubiri (mu magambo yoroshye) | Ingero zisanzwe |
|---|---|---|
| Biguanides | Bigabanya umusaruro w'isukari mu mwijima kandi byongera ubushobozi bw'uturemangingo tw'umubiri bwo kumva insuline. | Metformin - Uyu ni wo muti wa mbere uhabwa abantu benshi. |
| Sulfonylureas | Bifasha mu kuvugana na pancreas yacu no kuyibwira "gukora insuline nyinshi." | Glimepiride, Gliclazide |
| Ibikoresho bibuza DPP-4 | Iyo isukari mu maraso izamutse nyuma yo kurya, bifasha gukora insuline. Iyo isukari mu maraso iri hasi, insuline ntikorwa ku busa. | Sitagliptin, Linagliptin |
| Ibikoresho bibuza SGLT2 | Bifasha gusohora isukari irenze mu mubiri binyuze mu mpyiko binyuze mu nkari. | Empagliflozin, Dapagliflozin |
Icy'ingenzi ni uko iyi miti yose ikora mu buryo butandukanye, bityo imiti inshuti yawe ifata ishobora kutagufasha. Fata imiti muganga wawe yakwandikiye gusa, nkuko byavuzwe.
Insulini n'izindi ntera
Hari igihe bigorana kugenzura isukari mu maraso ukoresheje ibinini gusa. Cyane cyane ku bantu barwaye Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 n'abamaze igihe kinini barwaye Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, inshinge za insuline zirakenewe.
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'inshinge za insuline:
- Insulini ikora vuba: Iyi ikunze gufatwa iminota 15 mbere yo kurya.
- Insulini ikora igihe kirekire: Iyi mashini ikora amasaha agera kuri 24 iyo itewe rimwe ku munsi.
Byongeye kandi, hari ubwoko bushya bw'inshinge zitwa `GLP-1 agonists` ubu zikoreshwa mu kuvura diyabete (nka `Semaglutide (Ozempic)`, `Liraglutide (Victoza)`). Izi nshinge zifasha mu gukora insuline, kandi zigafasha mu kugabanya inzara no kugabanya ibiro.
Ibintu ugomba kwibuka ku bijyanye n'imiti
1. Ntugatinye ingaruka mbi, menya neza.
Kimwe n'indi miti iyo ari yo yose, imiti ya diyabete ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi nto. Urugero, hari abantu bashobora kugira ikibazo cy'igifu cyangwa isesemi mu minsi mike ya mbere nyuma yo gutangira metformin. Ibi bikunze kurangira mu minsi mike.
2. Witondere cyane cyane ikibazo cyo kugabanuka k'umuvuduko wa hypoglycemia.
Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Cyane cyane abafata insuline na sulfonylureas bagomba kubimenya. Hypoglycemia ni igihe urugero rw'isukari mu maraso rugabanuka cyane. Iyo ibyo bibaye,
- Kubira ibyuya byinshi.
- Umubiri wanjye urahinda umushyitsi.
- Numva meze nk'uzunguza (mfite isereri).
- Numva inzara cyane.
- Biragoye kwibanda ku kintu.
Niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso, ugomba guhita urya ikintu kiryoshye (utuyiko 2-3 tw'isukari yashongeshejwe mu mazi, isukari nkeya, ikinyobwa giryoshye, cyangwa igice cya tofe). Hanyuma urye ibiryo birimo ibinyampeke nk'umuceri. Niba ibi bikunze kubaho, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga. Imiti yawe ishobora gukenera guhindurwa.
3. Ntukigere uhagarika cyangwa ngo uhindure imiti wenyine
Ntureke gufata imiti yawe wenyine, wibwira uti: "Isukari yanjye yo mu maraso irasanzwe rwose ubu, bityo sinkeneye imiti." Ibyo ni akaga cyane. Isukari yo mu maraso yawe iri mu nzira nziza kuko urimo gufata imiti. Muganga wawe ni we wenyine ufite ububasha bwo guhindura ingano, guhagarika, cyangwa gutangira umuti mushya.
4. Bwira muganga wawe niba hari indi miti ufata.
Niba ufata indi miti, vitamine, cyangwa imiti gakondo, nyamuneka menyesha muganga wawe wa diyabete ibi byose. Imiti imwe ishobora kugirana isano.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Imiti ya diyabete si umwanzi wawe, ni inshuti yawe magara igufasha kubaho ubuzima bwiza.
- Fata umuti muganga wawe yakwandikiye, ku gihe gikwiye, mu gipimo gikwiye. Ntukigere usimbuka doze.
- Hamwe n'imiti, indyo ikwiye n'imyitozo ngororamubiri ni ingenzi cyane. Ntushobora gufata imiti gusa ntukore ibi bintu bibiri.
- Menya ibimenyetso bya hypoglycemia. Wibuke icyo wakora mu gihe bibaye nta bwoba.
- Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge ku miti yawe cyangwa ingaruka mbi, ntugashakishe kuri interineti, ahubwo ubaze muganga wawe ako kanya. Azaguha inama nziza.
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Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.