Twese twakingiwe kuva mu bwana bwacu, sibyo? Zimwe muri zo ushobora kuzibuka, izindi ushobora kuba utaribuka. Ariko se wigeze utekereza uburyo izi nkingo zirinda ubuzima bwacu indwara zikomeye? Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku rukingo rumwe rw'ingenzi cyane. Urwo ni urukingo rurinda indwara ebyiri zitwa diphtheria na tetanus. Iyi ni ndende ya DT cyangwa Td.
Mu by'ukuri diphteria na pertussis ni iki?
Mbere yuko tuvuga kuri uru rukingo, reka dusobanukirwe indwara ebyiri rurinda.
- Diphtheria: Iyi ni indwara ikomeye iterwa na bagiteri. Muri make, ituma uruhu rw'umukara rwinshi rukora mu muhogo no mu mazuru. Uru ruhu rushobora gutuma guhumeka bigorana cyane, ndetse rimwe na rimwe, rushobora no gutera urupfu bitewe no kubura umwuka. Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo uburozi bukorwa n'iyi bagiteri bushobora gukwirakwira mu mubiri wose bukangiza umutima, uturemangingo tw'imitsi n'impyiko.
- Tetanus: Iki ni ikintu abantu benshi bumvise. Dukunze kucyita 'tetanus'. Hari abavuga ko 'yumva nk'umuswa ufunze', bityo nanone byitwa "umuswa ufunze" mu Cyongereza. Ibi biterwa na bagiteri. Iyi bagiteri ikunze kuboneka mu butaka, mu mukungugu no mu mwanda w'inyamaswa. Iyi mikorobe ishobora kwinjira mu mubiri wacu iyo tugize igikomere, dukomeretse, cyane cyane inzara irimo ingese. Iyo imaze kwinjira mu mubiri, iyi bagiteri ikora uburozi bugira ingaruka ku mitsi. Ibi bituma imitsi y'umubiri wose, cyane cyane urwasaya n'ijosi, ikomera kandi ikagira ububabare. Iki kandi ni ikibazo kibi cyane iyo kidavuwe neza.
None se, urabyumva ukuntu izi ndwara zombi ari mbi? Ku bw'amahirwe, uru rukingo rudufasha kurindwa hafi indwara zombi zikomeye.
Ibintu ugomba kubwira muganga wawe mbere yo gukingirwa
Mbere yo guhabwa uru rukingo, ni ngombwa cyane guha muganga wawe ibisobanuro byuzuye ku buzima bwawe cyangwa ubwa mwana wawe. Menya neza ko umubwiye ibi bintu by'umwihariko.
- Allergie zabayeho mbere: Bwira muganga wawe niba warigeze kugira allergie ikomeye kuri uru rukingo cyangwa urundi rukingo mu bihe byashize. Nanone, bwira muganga wawe niba ufite allergie iyo ari yo yose kuri latex cyangwa thimerosal.
- Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bugabanuka: Bibwire muganga wawe niba ufite ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA, kanseri, cyangwa ufata imiti igabanya ubukana bw'umubiri.
- Indwara zo kuva amaraso: Niba ufite indwara yo kuva amaraso nka hemophilia cyangwa umubare muto w'udukoko two mu maraso.
- Indwara z'umuriro:Niba ufite umuriro cyangwa indi ndwara yandura ku munsi wo gukingirwa, muganga wawe ashobora gusubika urukingo mu minsi mike.
- Gutwita no konsa: Menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe niba utwite, ugerageza gutwita, cyangwa wonsa.
Urukingo rutangwa gute? Kandi se byagenda bite iyo umuntu yabuze dose?
Uru rukingo rutangwa n'inzobere mu by'ubuzima nk'urushinge mu mitsi, akenshi mu kuboko ko hejuru.
Nk’uko gahunda y’igihugu y’ikingira ibivuga muri Sri Lanka, uru rukingo ruhabwa abana bato bafite imyaka ikwiye. Byongeye kandi, ingero zo kongera imbaraga zisabwa kugira ngo bakomeze ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri nyuma y’igihe runaka. Akenshi, rimwe mu myaka 10. Nanone, hari igihe abaganga basaba abana bakomeretse (cyane cyane kurumwa n’inyamaswa, igikomere cyandujwe n’ubutaka) bahabwe uru rukingo.
Niba wabuze dose yo kongera imbaraga, ntugatinye. Vugana na muganga wawe vuba bishoboka kandi ubone dose yabuze. Icy'ingenzi ni ukubona urukingo ku gihe cyagenwe.
Niba ukeka ko warenze urugero rw'umuti ku buryo butunguranye, jya mu Ishami rishinzwe Ubuvuzi bwihutirwa (ETU) riri hafi yawe. Niba bibaye ngombwa, ushobora kandi guhamagara Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe Amakuru ku Burozi mu Bitaro by'Igihugu bya Colombo .
Ni izihe ngaruka mbi zishobora guterwa n'urukingo?
Nk’uko bimeze ku muti uwo ari wo wose, uru rukingo rushobora gutera ingaruka mbi ku bantu bamwe na bamwe. Ariko akenshi, izi ngaruka ziba nto kandi zishira mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Reka tugabanye izi ngaruka mbi mu byiciro bibiri.
| Ingaruka mbi z'urukingo | |
|---|---|
| Ingaruka mbi zikomeye zisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse | |
| Allergie ikomeye | Uruhu rushyushye, kuribwa, kubyimba mu maso, iminwa cyangwa ururimi, no kugorwa no guhumeka. |
| Ibibazo by'imitsi | Kubabara mu maguru, kugira ibinya, isereri, gukubita. |
| Ibindi bimenyetso bikomeye | Umuriro mwinshi cyane (urengeje dogere selisiyusi 100), umutima utera cyane, impinduka zidasanzwe mu myitwarire, impinduka mu kumva, ububabare mu ngingo, umunaniro ukabije. |
| Ingaruka mbi ntoya akenshi zitari ngombwa guhangayikisha | |
| Aho bateye inshinge ... | Ububabare, gutukura, kubyimba, cyangwa gukomereka. |
| Imiterere rusange y'umubiri | Umuriro utari mwinshi (uri munsi ya dogere selisiyusi 100), kubabara umubiri, kuribwa umutwe, kubura ubushake bwo kurya. |
| Izindi ngingo nto | Kuruka, isesemi, gusinzira, kubyimba kw'igitsina. |
Wibuke ko niba izi ngaruka nto zimara iminsi irenga mike cyangwa zikakubangamira, ntutindiganye kuvugana na muganga wawe.
Indi miti ishobora guteza ibibazo kuri uru rukingo
Niba ufata imiti iyo ari yo yose ku zindi ndwara, ugomba no kubibwira muganga wawe, kuko hari imiti ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'uru rukingo. Urugero:
- Imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Imiti ivura kanseri, steroid, n'imiti ivura indwara nka `(adalimumab)` na `(infliximab)`.
- Imiti ibuza amaraso kuzura: Imiti nka aspirine, warfarin, na heparin.
- Izindi nkingo: Cyane cyane iyo uhabwa inkingo nzima.
Uru rutonde ntirwuzuye, bityo ni byiza kubwira muganga wawe imiti yose, vitamine, ndetse n'ibikomoka ku bimera ufata.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Diphtheria na Tetanus ni indwara ebyiri zikomeye zishobora kwica iyo zitavuwe. Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda izi ndwara ni uguhabwa urukingo rwa DT/Td.
- Mbere yo kubona urukingo, banza ubwire muganga wawe indwara zose, ubwivumbure, n'imiti yose ufata.
- Ni ibisanzwe kugira ububabare buke, kubyimba no kubabara aho watewe inshinge. Ibi bikunze kurangira mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri.
- Niba ugize ibimenyetso bikomeye by’ubwivumbure nko kugorwa no guhumeka, kubyimba mu maso, cyangwa gukubita, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga byihutirwa.
- Menya neza ko uhabwa gahunda yo gukingira, cyane cyane ingero z'inyongera, nkuko byateganyijwe. Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, ntugatinye kubaza muganga wawe.
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