Ese wari uzi ibi bintu ku bijyanye n'amaso yawe?

Ingofero zacu ni ikintu dukoresha buri munsi, ariko ntabwo tubitekerezaho cyane. Tekereza gato, uhumbya inshuro zingahe ku munsi? Ese wigeze utekereza ku buryo izi ngofero ebyiri nto zitanga serivisi ku maso yacu? Uyu munsi, turaganira kuri izi ngofero, imikorere yazo, n'utundi tubazo duto dushobora kuvuka.

Kuki amaso y'ijisho ari ingenzi cyane kuri twe?

Mu magambo make, amaso yawe ni nk'igipfundikizo karemano cy'amaso yawe. Tekereza nawe, ayo maso arinda amaso yawe umukungugu, umwanda n'urumuri rudakenewe. Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo anafasha mu kubika ubushuhe mu maso, akarinda kuma, kandi agatuma ubuso bw'ijisho bugumana amavuta cyangwa butoshye .

Ese wari uzi ko igice cyonyine cy'uruhu rwacu kidafite amavuta munsi yarwo (ni ukuvuga ibinure biri munsi y'amaso ) ari amaso. Niyo mpamvu uruhu rworoshye ku mibiri yacu ruri ku maso. Imwe mu nshingano z'ingenzi z'ibi ni ukurinda amaso yacu. Kubera ko mikorobe ziri mu kirere zishobora kwinjira mu maso yacu byoroshye. Rero, amaso akora nk'urukuta kugira ngo wirinde ko izo mikorobe zinjira.

Ingofero si ikintu cyicaye hejuru y'ijisho gusa. Zigomba kugenda neza hejuru y'ijisho. Amaso yacu akeneye ubushuhe buturuka ku marira. Ibi biterwa nuko amarira afasha cornea , igice cy'ijisho kigaragara imbere y'ijisho ryirabura (ridafite imiyoboro y'amaraso), kwinjiza ogisijeni mu kirere.

Urugero rwiza, amaso ni nk'agahanagura ikirahuri cy'imodoka cyangwa igicucu gishobora kwirukanwa ku idirishya ryo mu nzu . Kimwe n'agahanagura irangi, bifasha mu kubungabunga ubuso bw'ijisho no kubungabunga umutekano. Kimwe n'umwenda, bishobora kandi gufunga ijisho no kugenzura ingano y'urumuri rwinjira.

Ni ibihe bice by'ingenzi by'ijisho ry'amaso?

Ingo zacu zifite ibice byinshi. Bimwe bifite imikorere, bivuze ko bifite imikorere yihariye. Ibindi bifite ubwiza, bivuze ko bigira uruhare mu kugaragara kwawe.

Ikintu kimwe ugomba kwibuka ni uko kuba uri "ubwiza" bitavuze ko ntacyo bivuze. Niba utishimiye uko ugaragara, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe no ku mubiri. Niyo mpamvu guhangayikishwa n'uko ugaragara atari igitekerezo cy'ubusa gusa. Mu by'ukuri bigira ingaruka ku buryo wiyumva mu bwenge no ku mubiri.

Conjunctiva (ururenda rw'imbere rw'ijisho)

Imbere mu jisho ryawe, hari agahu gato kitwa conjunctiva . Aka gahu karazingira kandi gatwikira igice cy'umweru cy'ijisho ryawe ( sclera ). Aka gahu ni ko gatuma amaso yawe agenda neza. Kanakora nk'urwego rwo kurinda igice kinini cy'imbere cy'ijisho ryawe.

Ingofero

Ingohe zawe ni ubwoko bw'umusatsi wihariye cyane. Ziramba kurusha umusatsi ku mubiri wawe wose, kandi ntabwo zishobora guhinduka imvi nk'ubwo ku mutwe wawe. Ugereranyije, hari ingohe zigera ku 100 kugeza ku 150 (ubusanzwe mu mirongo ibiri cyangwa itatu) ku jisho ryo hejuru, na hafi 50 kugeza kuri 75 ku jisho ryo hasi.

Ingofero si iz'ubwiza gusa. Imirimo yazo ni iyi:

• Gufata umukungugu n'uduce duto: Umukungugu n'uduce duto tugenda mu kirere biba bifatiwe ku jisho kandi bikabuzwa kwinjira mu maso.
• Kugumana ubushuhe: Ibi bifasha mu gukumira ibintu byo hanze kwinjira ndetse no kugumana ubushuhe hafi y'amaso.
• Gutahura akaga: Ijisho ry'amaso rigira ubushishozi cyane ku kintu icyo ari cyo cyose kiyikoraho. Tekereza, iyo ugenda mu mwijima, urambura ukuboko kwawe kugira ngo wirinde gukubita inkuta cyangwa ibintu. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, niba hari ikintu kigukozeho, amaso yawe ahita afunga nk'uburyo bwo kwirinda.

Gland za Meibomian

Imbere mu maso, inyuma y'amaso, hari urukurikirane rw'uturemangingo duto dukora amavuta. Tuyitwa imiyoboro ya meibomian . Amavuta bakora yitwa meibum . Aya mavuta avanga n'amarira kugira ngo atwikire kandi arinde ubuso bw'ijisho. Iyo amarira ahuye na meibum, akora neza kurushaho mu gusiga amavuta no kurinda ijisho.

Imitsi n'imitsi bihuza

Munsi y'uruhu rw'amaso yo hejuru n'ayo hasi hari ibice byitwa tarsal plates . Nubwo izina ryabyo ari "plates", mu by'ukuri si plates. Ni imigozi ifatanye neza.

Kimwe n'umukandara wo mu kanzu, utu dupfunyika twa talus dufasha gufata neza amaso ku jisho. Imitsi n'izindi ngingo zifatanye zikikije ijisho bikurura utu dupfunyika twa talus, tugenda hejuru no hasi.

Imitsi

Hari indi mitsi myinshi ifatanye n'amaso kandi ikikije amaso. Iyi ni yo ifasha gukura amaso hejuru no hasi. Ikoreshwa kandi mu kugenzura isura, nko iyo dukubita amaso yacu mu buryo bw'amatsiko cyangwa twaguye amaso yacu mu buryo butunguranye.

Imikufi n'imikufi

Iyo dufunguye kandi tugafunga amaso yacu, amaso yacu afite imikufi n'ibibyimba bisanzwe bituma adacika intege. Ushobora kugira imikufi imwe cyangwa ebyiri, bitewe n'ibintu bike.

Ni iyihe miterere itandukanye y'amaso?

Imiterere y'amaso yawe iterwa n'imiterere iri mu maso yawe no hafi y'amaso yawe. Nubwo nta byiciro byemewe by'imiterere y'amaso, hari amagambo yihariye akoreshwa mu gusobanura imiterere (cyangwa imiterere y'iyo miterere) agira uruhare mu miterere y'amaso.

Ijambo rimwe nyamukuru ni "palpebral fissure." Iri ni ryo zina ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'aho amaso yawe atandukanye, bigatuma habaho icyuho hagati y'amaso yawe yo hejuru n'ayo hasi. Uyu munyururu wa palpebral ushobora kumera gutya:

• Imeze nk'amande:Iyi miterere ikunze kugaragara mu bana bato. Akenshi irashira uko ingingo zo mu maso n'amagufwa bikura.
• Ndende: Ibi bivuga amaso afite intera ndende y'imbere y'ijisho ugana ku mfuruka yo hanze. Niba ari maremare ku buryo budasanzwe (ubu burebure buratandukana bitewe n'imyaka, igitsina, n'ibindi bintu), bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara zimwe na zimwe zidasanzwe ziterwa n'uturemangingo cyangwa indwara.
• Ngufi: Iyi ni intera ngufi idasanzwe itambitse kuva mu mfuruka y'imbere y'ijisho kugera mu mfuruka yo hanze. Iyi ntera kandi iratandukana bitewe n'imyaka. Ishobora kubaho bitewe n'impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu ngirabuzimafatizo n'indwara, nka blepharophimosis syndrome .
• Kumanuka cyangwa kuzamuka: Ibi bivuga uburebure bw'impande z'imbere n'inyuma z'amaso. Niba impande z'inyuma z'amaso yawe ziri hejuru mu maso yawe kurusha impande z'imbere, byitwa "umunyururu wa palpebral uzamutse." Niba impande z'inyuma ziri hasi, byitwa "umunyururu wa palpebral uzamutse."

Izindi ngingo zishobora kugira ingaruka ku miterere y'amaso:

• Amaso y'ijisho ya monolid: Iki ni igihe amaso yawe afite umukufi umwe aho kuba abiri. Ibi kandi byitwa umukufi wa epicanthic cyangwa umukufi wa epicanthal . Bikunze kugaragara mu bantu bakomoka muri Aziya y'Iburasirazuba b'ingeri zose. Bishobora no kuboneka mu bana bato bo mu yandi moko, kandi bigenda bishira uko isura yabo ikura.
• Amaso afite umupira: Ibi bivuga ingano idasanzwe y'uruhu rw'amaso cyangwa uruhu rwo mu gahanga rumanitse hejuru y'amaso yawe.

Ni izihe ndwara n'indwara zikunze kwibasira imishino?

Hari indwara nyinshi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku misokoro. Zishobora kuba iz'ubwoko butandukanye, nko ku ndwara zijyanye n'imitsi n'imitsi, indwara z'uruhu, indwara zihariye ku misokoro cyangwa amaso ubwayo. Imisokoro ishobora kandi gukomereka mu buryo butandukanye. Hari abantu bashobora kugira indwara zigira ingaruka ku miterere y'amaso.

Indwara ziterwa n'imitsi n'imitsi

Indwara zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi n'imitsi mu maso no mu nkengero zayo:

• Indwara ya Bell
• Blepharospasm n'ubundi bwoko bw'amaso atera iminkanyari
• Ijisho rimanuka ( Ptosis )
• Indwara zo mu mutwe ziterwa n'imitsi yo mu nda
• Ibitero byo mu bwonko n'ibitero by'indwara z'imitsi by'agateganyo (TIAs)

Indwara z'uruhu

Ingero z'indwara z'uruhu zishobora kugira ingaruka ku misokoro:

• Dermatitis y'amaso
• Psoriasis y'amaso
• Rosacea yo mu maso
• Ibirango by'uruhu / Acrochordons

Indwara zihariye ku maso no ku misokoro

• Utubyimba tw'umuhondo hafi y'amaso ( Xanthelasmas))
• Utubyimba cyangwa ibibyimba ( chalazions ) biterwa n'uturemangingo twa meibomian twazibye
• Utubyimba cyangwa ibibyimba bikikije uduce tw'amaso ( Styes na styes zo mu nda )
• Indwara z'amaso ( Conjunctivitis / Ijisho ry'umuhondo )
• Indwara z'amaso, urugero nka Keratite
• Ingohe zihinduriwe ( Trichiasis )
• Imboni zihindukirira imbere (Entropion) cyangwa inyuma (Ectropion)
• Indwara y'amaso y'urukozasoni
• Kubyimba kw'amaso ( Blepharitis )
• Ikosa ry'ingirabuzimafatizo za Meibomian
• Kwandura kw'ijisho cyangwa uruhu rukikije ijisho ( orbital cellulitis )

Ibikomere ku jisho

Ingero:

• Gutwika
• Gucika kw'amacandwe
• Uburibwe bw'imisemburo

Indwara zijyanye n'imiterere y'ingohe

Hari abantu bavukana ibibazo ku ruhu rwabo kuko rudakura neza (ibi byitwa congenital anomaly). Abandi bagira ibibazo ku miterere y'uruhu rwabo bitewe n'impanuka cyangwa izindi ndwara. Hari n'izindi ndwara zibaho kuko uruhu rutakaza ubushobozi bwarwo bwo kwiyubaka no kugabanuka uko dusaza.

Ingero zimwe na zimwe z'indwara zijyanye n'imiterere y'ingohe:

• Cryptophthalmos: Ibi bivuze "ijisho ryihishe." Abantu bafite iyi ndwara amaso yabo aba afatanye.
• Indwara y'amaso y'ijisho: Ibi ni uduce duto cyangwa icyuho aho ijisho ritarakura neza. Ibi bishobora kumera nk'umunwa upfutse.
• Imboni ebyiri ( Distichiasis ): Hari abantu bagira imirongo myinshi y'imboni kurusha uko byari byitezwe. Ibi bituma imboni ziba zegereye cyane ubuso bw'ijisho, ibyo bikaba byatera amaso gushya n'ibindi bibazo.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara z'amaso?

Kimwe n'ibindi bice byinshi byo mu maso, amaso yawe afite impera nyinshi z'imitsi. Kubwibyo, amaso yawe yumva ububabare cyane . Ibindi bimenyetso by'ibibazo by'amaso birimo:

• Kurekura cyangwa gucika intege.
• Ijisho rinanutse ( Madarosis ).
• Ihinduka ry'ibara ry'uruhu rw'amaso.
• Kurya cyangwa gushya.
• Kubyimba.

Indwara z'amaso zishobora no kugira ingaruka ku buso bw'ijisho, cyane cyane ubushuhe mu jisho. Ibimenyetso by'indwara z'amaso bishobora kugaragara ku buso bw'ijisho birimo:

• Amaso yumye.
• Amarira cyangwa amazi ava mu maso.
• Kuryarya cyangwa kubyimba amaso.
• Kubabara amaso.
• Amaso y'amazi ( Epiphora) .

Ibimenyetso bijyanye no guhindagura kw'amaso mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa gutembera mu buryo butunguranye

Ibimenyetso bibiri bijyanye n'amaso bishobora kugaragaza ibibazo by'ubwonko cyangwa ubwonko. Ni intege nke z'imitsi ku ruhande rumwe (Hemiparesis (Hemiparesis ) cyangwa paralysis (Hemiplegia ) ni indwara iyo ari yo yose ifata ijisho rimwe cyangwa uruhande rumwe rw'isura.

Ibi bimenyetso byo ku ruhande rumwe akenshi ni ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko . Niba ufite ibi, cyangwa ubonye undi muntu ubifite , ugomba guhamagara 119 (cyangwa nimero y'ubutabazi bw'ibanze yo mu gace utuyemo) ako kanya.

Ni ibihe bizamini bikunze gukorerwa ku mboni z'amaso?

Abaganga b'amaso basuzuma neza amaso mu gihe cyo gusuzuma amaso buri gihe. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo gupima uko amaso agenda, uko akira impinduka zimwe na zimwe, no gusuzuma amaso bayakoraho cyangwa bakoresheje ibikoresho binini.

Abandi baganga – nk'abaganga b'ibanze, abaganga b'uruhu, cyangwa abaganga bashinzwe kubaga amaso n'abakora ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi – bashobora gusuzuma amaso mu gihe cyo gusuzuma uruhu ku buryo busanzwe. Abaganga b'indwara zo mu bwonko kandi basuzuma amaso witonze kugira ngo barebe ibimenyetso by'intege nke z'imitsi mu maso cyangwa mu bice bikikije amaso.

Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura ibimenyetso n'indwara ziterwa n'amaso?

Uburyo bwo kuvura ibimenyetso by'amaso n'indwara z'amaso buratandukanye cyane bitewe n'impamvu. Uburyo bworoshye bwo kuvura indwara zo mu rugo nko gukaraba uruhu bishobora kuba bihagije ku ndwara z'uruhu nka styes cyangwa chalazions . Indwara zikomeye cyane nk'indwara zishobora gukenera imiti nka antibiyotike zo mu kanwa , cyangwa inshinge nka OnabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®) ku ndwara zitera imitsi idakora neza.

Iyo amaso arembye cyangwa arekuye bitewe no kubura ubushobozi bwo gukomera mu ruhu no mu ngingo zo munsi y’umubiri uko tugenda dusaza, kubagwa bishobora kuba amahitamo meza. Ibi bishobora no kubaho no ku zindi ndwara zifata imiterere y’amaso.

Umuganga w’amaso cyangwa undi muganga w’ubuvuzi ashobora kukubwira byinshi ku bijyanye n’ubuvuzi bagusaba ku bijyanye n’uburwayi bwawe n’ibyo ukeneye. Bashobora kandi kukubwira ingaruka mbi cyangwa ingorane zishobora kubaho muri ubwo buryo bwo kuvura.

Nakora iki kugira ngo ingohe zanjye zikomeze kuba nziza?

Ingohe zawe muri rusange ni kimwe n'uruhu rwawe. Ibintu nk'ibi nabyo bishobora kubagirira akamaro:

• Indyo ikwiye: Uruhu rwawe rushingiye cyane cyane kuri vitamine na myunyungugu bimwe na bimwe. Kubirya bihagije bizafasha mu kubungabunga amaso yawe (n'uruhu rwawe muri rusange).
• Kwirinda izuba: Kimwe n'uruhu rw'umubiri wawe, amaso yawe ashobora gutwikwa n'izuba. Gukoresha uburyo bukwiye bwo kwirinda izuba, nko kwikingira izuba cyangwa indorerwamo z'izuba, bishobora gufasha.
• Gusinzira neza:Iyo udasinzira bihagije, amaso yawe ashobora kunama cyangwa kugira umwijima munsi y'amaso yawe. Nanone, niba ufite indwara nk'indwara yo guhumeka mu gihe cyo gusinzira, ushobora kurwara indwara nka droopy eyelid syndrome.
• Ubwirinzi bw'amaso: Iyo ukoresheje ibintu nk'indorerwamo z'amaso cyangwa indorerwamo z'umutekano , mu by'ukuri uba urinda amaso yawe.

Izina ry'ubuvuzi ry'amaso y'ijisho ni irihe?

Izina ry'ubuvuzi ry'amaso ni "palpebra." Iri jambo rikomoka ku muzi w'ikilatini risobanura "gukoraho witonze." Rifitanye isano kandi n'ijambo "palpate," ari ryo jambo abaganga bakoresha bakora ku gice cy'umubiri nk'igice cy'isuzuma ry'umubiri. Muri iki gihe, "palpebra" yerekeza ku buryo amaso yawe aruhuka buhoro buhoro ku buso bw'ijisho ryawe no kurinyuramo.

Ni mu gice ki cy'ijisho aho intanga ziherereye?

Ijisho ryawe riba hejuru no munsi y'amaso yawe. Iyo ufunze amaso yawe, ijisho ryawe riraterana rigapfuka igice cy'imbere cy'ijisho ryawe, hejuru y'igice cy'umukara cy'ijisho ryawe (cornea). Iyo amaso yawe afunguye, ijisho ryawe rirakwirakwira rihagaze, ripfuka impande zo hejuru n'izo hepfo z'igice cy'umweru cy'ijisho ryawe (sclera).

Ese ushobora kureba udafite ingiga?

Yego, abantu bashobora kubona no kubaho badafite ibishishwa. Ariko kubura ibishishwa bishobora gutera ibibazo byinshi bituma bigorana kubona cyangwa kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw'amaso yawe. Kenshi na kenshi, abantu bafite iki kibazo bashobora gukenera ubuvuzi bw'ubuzima bwabo bwose, ubufasha, n'ubuvuzi bwihariye kugira ngo bakomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza bw'amaso yabo. Nanone bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura indwara, indwara zo ku maso, n'ibindi bibazo.

` ## Incamake (Ubutumwa bwo Gufata mu Rugo) Ingohe zawe si igipfundikizo gusa. Ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'amaso yawe kandi bigufasha kubungabunga ubuzima bw'amaso yawe. Akenshi, biroroshye kubyirengagiza, ariko iyo hari ikintu kibagiraho ingaruka, bishobora gutuma wumva nta kindi utekerezaho. Umuganga w'amaso azasuzuma ingohe zawe mu gihe cyo gusuzuma amaso buri gihe, kugira ngo umenye impinduka zishobora kuba ingenzi. **Rero ntukibagirwe kwita ku ngohe zawe ndetse n'amaso yawe!** --- Ingohe, Ubuzima bw'amaso, Ingohe, Indwara z'amaso, Uburinzi bw'amaso, Ingirabuzimafatizo za Meibomian, Conjunctiva