Ese wigeze wibaza impamvu amaraso yacu atukura? Cyangwa wigeze ureba igitonyanga cy'amaraso kiva mu gikomere gito ukibaza ibirimo? Umubiri wacu ni uruganda rutangaje rwose. Muri uru ruganda, hari abakozi bato bakora akazi k'ubusa ariko kadasibangana. Ni bo twita uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura, cyangwa `(Erythrocytes)`. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri izi ntwari nto, ariko zidasanzwe mu buzima bwacu.
Mu magambo make, akazi k'izi selile zitukura ni akahe?
Tekereza ko umubiri wacu ari umujyi munini. Buri nzu, buri duka, buri biro muri uyu mujyi bikeneye ingufu kugira ngo bikore. Ikintu cy'ingenzi gikeneye gutanga izo ngufu ni umwuka wa ogisijeni. Rero, uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso ni nk'isosiyete yihuta cyane muri uyu mujyi.
Dore uko bigenda:
1. Gufata ogisijeni: Ogisijeni yinjira mu bihaha byacu iyo duhumeka ishyirwa mu dukapu tw’amakuru twitwa uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura. Ni nko gufata ibicuruzwa mu bubiko.
2. Ikwirakwira mu mubiri wose: Utu tunyangingo tw’amaraso dutukura twuzuyemo ogisijeni hanyuma tunyura mu mitsi yacu y’amaraso kuva ku mfuruka imwe y’umubiri kugera ku yindi, tugakwirakwiza ogisijeni kuri buri tunyangingo, kuva ku tunyangingo tw’ubwonko kugeza ku tunyangingo tw’uruhu kugeza ku tunyangingo two mu mano yacu.
3. Ikuraho imyanda: Iyo dukoresheje ogisijeni mu gukora ingufu, uturemangingo twacu dusohora imyanda yitwa dioxyde de carbone. Ibi bimeze nk'imyanda dujugunya mu ngo zacu. Bityo uturemangingo twacu dutukura dukusanya iyi myanda ya dioxyde de carbone tukayigarura mu bihaha.
4. Gusohora imyanda: Dusohora dioxyde de carbone mu bihaha iyo dusohora umwuka.
Wabonye akazi? Iyi ngendo iba mu mibiri yacu idahagarara n'isegonda rimwe. Niyo mpamvu tubona imbaraga zo kubaho.
Utu tunyangingo tw'amaraso dutukura tuboneka he? Dusa gute?
Uruganda aho utu turemangingo duto twitwa uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura dukorerwa ruri mu igufwa ry’umusemburo w’amagufwa yacu . Aha niho hakorerwa uturemangingo tw’amaraso mu mubiri wacu. Bifata iminsi irindwi kugira ngo uturemangingo dushya tw’amaraso dukure neza kandi twifatanye n’amaraso.
Uburyo basa nabwo ni umwihariko cyane.
- Ibara: Bakura ibara ryabo ritukura cyane muri poroteyine yitwa hemoglobin . Iyi hemoglobin ni yo itwara ogisijeni, nk'isakoshi yo gutwaramo.
- Imiterere: Ibi ni bito cyane, kandi bishobora kubonwa gusa hakoreshejwe mikorosikopi. Bimeze nk'umugati , ariko nta mwobo uri hagati. Igice cyo hagati kimeze nk'agace gato k'uruziga gafite impande zombi.
- Nta nucleus:Bitandukanye n’izindi selile, selile zitukura ntizigira nucleus. Ibi ni akarusho gakomeye. Kubera ko zidafite nucleus, zishobora guhindura imiterere yazo uko zishaka kandi zishobora no kwinjira mu mitsi mito y’amaraso. Niyo mpamvu zishobora gutwara ogisijeni mu mfuruka zose z’umubiri.
Ni izihe ndwara zifata uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso?
Hari igihe umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura mu mubiri wacu ushobora kuba uri hasi cyangwa urenze urugero. Ibi byombi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwacu.
1. Umubare muke w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso
Ubusanzwe ibi tubyita "anemia" cyangwa, mu magambo y'ubuvuzi, "anemia." Iki ni igihe amaraso yawe adashobora gutwara ogisijeni ihagije, bishobora gutuma wumva ufite intege nke kandi unaniwe.
| Imiterere / Impamvu | Bisobanuwe mu buryo bworoshye |
|---|---|
| Anemia | Kumva unaniwe, ukonje, kandi ufite intege nke bitewe n'uko umubiri utabona ogisijeni ihagije. |
| Gutakaza amaraso | Gutakaza amaraso vuba kurusha uko umubiri ushobora kuyasimbura bitewe n'imvune, kubagwa, cyangwa indi mpamvu. |
| Indwara y'umusonga w'amagufwa | Kwangirika k'uruganda rukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura ubwarwo. Urugero, indwara nka leukemia na lymphoma . |
| Kanseri n'uburyo bwo kuyivura | Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe za kanseri n'imiti ivura kanseri hakoreshejwe imiti ishobora gutuma igabanuka ry'umusaruro w'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso. |
2. Umubare munini w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso
Hari igihe umubiri ukora uturemangingo dutukura twinshi kurusha uko ukeneye. Ibi bituma amaraso abyimba. Tekereza ko ari sirupe nini aho kuba amazi. Aya maraso yabyimbye atuma amaraso agorana gutembera mu mitsi, bikongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara zikomeye nko kubyimba kw'amaraso, indwara z'umutima, no gucika imitsi.
| Imiterere / Impamvu | Bisobanuwe mu buryo bworoshye |
|---|---|
| Polycythemia vera | Iyi ni indwara y'umusemburo w'amagufwa, aho umubiri ukora uturemangingo twinshi dutukura mu maraso iyo utabikeneye. |
| Indwara y'umutima yavukanye | Iyo umuntu avutse afite ikibazo cy'umutima, umubiri ntubona umwuka uhagije wa ogisijeni. Kugira ngo yishyure icyo kibazo, umubiri ukora uturemangingo twinshi dutukura tw'amaraso. |
| Indwara y'ibihaha | Indwara nka COPD na Pulmonary Fibrosis zituma bigora umubiri kwinjiza ogisijeni. Mu rwego rwo kwishyura, umubiri ukora uturemangingo twinshi dutukura tw’amaraso. |
| Hypoxia | Ogisijeni nke mu maraso. Iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho iyo umuntu atuye mu turere turi hejuru cyane. |
| Monoxide ya karuboni | Iyo unywa itabi, monoxyde de carbone yinjira mu mubiri. Ibi bihuza na hemoglobine kandi bikayibuza gutwara ogisijeni. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umubiri ukora uturemangingo twinshi dutukura tw’amaraso. |
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe by'ikibazo cy'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso?
Ingano y'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura yaba iri hasi cyangwa iri hejuru, ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bishobora kubaho, kuko byombi amaherezo bihindura uburyo uturemangingo tw'umubiri twakira umwuka wa ogisijeni dukeneye.
Icy'ingenzi ni uko, ntugatinye kubera ko ufite kimwe cyangwa bibiri muri ibi bimenyetso. Bishobora guterwa n'ibindi bintu byinshi. Ariko niba ibi bimenyetso bikomeje, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga.
| Ibimenyetso | Uko bimera |
|---|---|
| Umunaniro | Kumva nta buzima mfite nubwo namara gusinzira neza kandi nta cyo nkora. |
| Intege nke z'imitsi | Kumva bigoye kurusha uko bisanzwe iyo ukora ibintu nko guterura ibyuma cyangwa kuzamuka ingazi. |
| Ingufu nke | Kumva usinziriye kandi nta kintu na kimwe ushishikajwe nacyo umunsi wose. |
| Kuribwa umutwe cyangwa kugira isereri | Cyane cyane iyo uturemangingo dutukura twiyongereye, kwiyongera kw'amaraso bishobora kubangamira inzira y'amaraso ijya mu bwonko. |
| Iyerekwa ry'Ikibatsi | Guhinduka kw'amaso bishobora guterwa no kwangirika kw'imitsi y'amaraso yoroshye mu maso. |
| Amaboko n'ibirenge bikonje | Ibi bibaho bitewe no kugabanuka kw'amaraso agera mu bice bya kure by'umubiri, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'indwara yo kubura amaraso. |
Ibi bipimwa gute? Ni ibihe bipimo bisanzwe?
Hari ikizamini cyoroshye cyane kandi gisanzwe gishobora gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe ubuzima bw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso yawe. Byitwa umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC) . Ibi bikubiyemo gufata urugero ruto rw'amaraso mu kuboko kwawe no kubara uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso gusa, ahubwo no kubara ubwoko bwose butandukanye bw'uturemangingo, nk'uturemangingo tw'umweru n'udupira tw'amaraso.
Ubusanzwe, umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso y'umuntu muzima ushobora kuba uri kuri uru rwego.
| Umuntu | Umubare usanzwe w'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso (kuri mikorolitiro imwe y'amaraso) |
|---|---|
| Abagabo | Miliyoni 4.7 kugeza kuri 6.1 |
| Abagore | Miliyoni 4.2 kugeza kuri 5.4 |
| Abana | Miliyoni 4.0 kugeza kuri 5.5 |
Ariko ibuka ko iyi mibare ishobora gutandukana gato bitewe na laboratwari, ndetse n'umuntu ku wundi. Ntugahangayike niba raporo yawe itarasobanuka neza. Muganga wawe azasuzuma raporo yawe, ayigereranye n'ubuzima bwawe, kandi agusobanurire neza icyo bisobanura.
Ni iki twakora kugira ngo tugumane uturemangingo dutukura mu mubiri?
Kugira ngo aba bakozi bacu baceceke ni ingenzi cyane. Ntabwo ari ngombwa ko biba ikibazo gikomeye. Iyo tugumana ibyo kurya n'ibyo kunywa neza, dushobora gukora byinshi. Tugomba cyane cyane kubona intungamubiri dukeneye kugira ngo dukore uturemangingo dutukura mu biribwa.
Igikenewe cyane cyane ni:
- Icyuma
- Vitamine B9 (aside folike)
- Vitamine B12
Ibi ni bimwe mu biribwa bikunze kuboneka:
- Inyama zitukura (inyama z'inka) n'ibice nk'umwijima: Ibi bifite icyuma kiri hejuru cyane.
- Ifi: Cyane cyane amafi nka salao na kumbalao.
- Imboga z'icyatsi kibisi: ibintu nk'ibimera bya epinari, kale, gotu kola, n'amababi ya moringa.
- Ibinyampeke nk'amashu, ubunyobwa, amashaza n'ibishyimbo bibisi.
- Amagi: Cyane cyane umuhondo w'igi.
- Imbuto n'imbuto zumye: Ibintu nk'amateke, imizabibu n'ibijumba.
Iyo wongeyeho ibi biribwa mu mirire yawe ya buri munsi, uzabona ibintu uruganda rwawe rukeneye nk'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Nanone, kwirinda kunywa itabi ni ingirakamaro cyane ku turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Uturemangingo dutukura ni ubwoko bw'uturemangingo duto dukora nk'isosiyete itwara umwuka wa ogisijeni kuri buri turemangingo two mu mubiri wacu.
- Urugero ruri hasi (anemia) n'ururi hejuru (polycythemia) rushobora gutera ibibazo by'ubuzima.
- Niba ugize ibimenyetso nko kunanirwa guhoraho, gucika intege no kuribwa umutwe, ni ngombwa gushaka inama kwa muganga.
- Ikizamini cyoroheje cy'amaraso (CBC) gishobora kumenya umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso yawe.
- Ushobora gutuma uturemangingo dutukura tugumana ubuzima bwiza urya indyo yuzuye irimo icyuma gikungahaye kuri vitamine B9, na B12, kandi ukirinda kunywa itabi.
- Niba ufite impungenge ku bisubizo by'amaraso yawe cyangwa ibimenyetso byayo, menya neza ko wabiganiriyeho na muganga wawe.
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