Icyo ugomba kumenya ku bijyanye na kalisiyumu nyinshi mu maraso (Hypercalcemia)!

Iyo tutekereje kuri kalisiyumu, dutekereza ku magufwa akomeye n'amenyo meza, si byo se? Kalisiyumu mu by'ukuri ni intungamubiri y'ingenzi ku mubiri wacu. Ariko se wari uzi ko, kimwe n'ibindi byose, kalisiyumu nyinshi mu maraso yacu ishobora no guteza ibibazo byinshi by'ubuzima? Akenshi, iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho nta bimenyetso mu ntangiriro. Uyu munsi, turaganira kuri uku kwiyongera kwa kalisiyumu mu maraso, cyangwa nk'uko byitwa mu buvuzi, hypercalcemia.

Kuki kalisiyumu mu maraso yiyongera gutya?

Ubusanzwe, imibiri yacu ni nziza cyane mu kugenzura ingano ya kalisiyumu mu maraso yacu. Imisemburo myinshi ifasha muri ibi. Ariko, hari impamvu zirenga 25, nko indwara zimwe na zimwe, imiti, ibibazo by'impyiko, cyangwa umwuma, zishobora gutuma ubu buryo bwo kugenzura bugabanuka kandi urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yacu rukazamuka. Reka turebe zimwe mu mpamvu z'ingenzi.

Kongera imikorere y'uturemangingo twa parathyroid (Hyperparathyroidism)

Iyi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru kandi ikunze gutera calcium nyinshi mu maraso. Mu by'ukuri, iyi ni yo mpamvu itera hafi 90% by'abantu barwara `Hypercalcemia`. Inyuma y'agace ka tiroyide mu ijosi ryacu hari utunyangingo tune duto, tumeze nk'amagufwa, twita imiterere ya parathyroid. Iyi misemburo ifasha kugenzura urugero rwa calcium mu maraso. Muri `Hyperparathyroidism`, kamwe cyangwa kenshi muri utu tunyangingo gakora cyane kandi kagakomeza gukora hormone ya `PTH` hatabayeho gusuzuma ingano ya calcium mu maraso. Hanyuma urugero rwa calcium mu maraso ruriyongera ku buryo budasanzwe. Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bagore bamaze gucura.

Imiti imwe ufata

Imiti imwe n'imwe n'inyongera ufata nabyo bishobora gutuma urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yawe rwiyongera.

Kanseri

Amoko amwe ya kanseri y'ibihaha, iy'ibere, cyangwa iy'amaraso nayo ashobora gutera urugero rwinshi rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso. Ibi bishobora guterwa no gukwirakwira kw'uturemangingo twa kanseri mu magufwa (metastases mu magufwa) cyangwa imisemburo ikorwa n'ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri.

Izindi mpamvu zidakunze kugaragara cyane

• Indwara nka Sarcoidosis
• Igituntu
• Kunanirwa kw'impyiko
• Hyperthyroidism
• Indwara ya Paget ni indwara y'amagufwa.
• Guhora mu buriri ibyumweru byinshi
• Kubura amazi mu mubiri
• Indwara za genetiki nka familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi?

Niba ufite hypercalcemia yoroheje, ushobora kutagira ibimenyetso na bimwe. Ariko iyo indwara ibaye ikomeye, ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bice byinshi by'umubiri wawe. Itondere ibi bimenyetso.

• Kwihagarika cyane
• Kumva ufite inyota idasanzwe
• Umunaniro n'intege nke mu mubiri
• Kubabara amagufwa
• Umutwe
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Impatwe
• Gukunda kurya
• Kubabara imitsi, kunanuka, cyangwa kunyeganyega
• Kwibagirwa no kwitiranya ibintu mu mutwe
• Ihungabana no kubabara mu mutwe

Ni izihe ngorane ziterwa no kwiyongera kwa kalisiyumu mu mubiri?

Kurushaho kugira kalisiyumu nyinshi mu maraso bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by’ubuzima.

• Osteoporosis: Mu ndwara nka hyperparathyroidism, kalisiyumu nyinshi iva mu magufwa ijya mu maraso. Ibi bituma amagufwa arushaho kunanuka, agacika intege, kandi agacika vuba. Ibi byitwa osteoporosis.
• Amabuye yo mu mpyiko: Iyo ingano ya kalisiyumu mu nkari yiyongera, ishobora gukusanya no gukora utubuye duto mu mpyiko. Ayo mabuye ashobora gutera ububabare bukomeye iyo agenda mu nzira y'inkari.
• Kunanirwa kw'impyiko: Kugabanuka kwa kalisiyumu nyinshi bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mikorere y'impyiko. Ibi bishobora kugabanya ubushobozi bwazo bwo gusukura amaraso no gukuraho imyanda, ndetse bishobora no gutuma impyiko zinanirwa gukora neza.
• Ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwonko: Ubwiyongere bwa kalisiyumu mu maraso bushobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ubwonko, kandi bikekwa ko bigira ingaruka ku kwibuka. Bishobora gutera indwara nko kwitiranya ibintu, kwibagirwa, ndetse no mu bihe bikomeye, ndetse no kuri koma.
• Indwara z'umutima: Ubwinshi budasanzwe bwa kalisiyumu bushobora guhungabanya ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi by'umutima, bigatera umutima gutera nabi (arrhythmia).

Umuganga abibona ate?

Kubera ko akenshi nta bimenyetso bigaragara, iyi ndwara iboneka mu buryo bw’impanuka mu gihe cyo gupima amaraso ufite indi mpamvu. Niba muganga wawe akeka ibimenyetso, azagutegeka gupima amaraso kugira ngo arebe urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu mubiri wawe. Iki gipimo cy’amaraso gishobora kandi kugenzura urugero rwa hormone ya parathyroid (PTH). Ibi bishobora gufasha mu buryo bworoshye gusuzuma hyperparathyroidism. Byongeye kandi, ibi bikurikira bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu:

• Gupima amaraso kugira ngo harebwe urugero rwa Vitamine D
• Ikizamini cy'ubucucike bw'amagufwa
• Gupima amabuye mu mpyiko hakoreshejwe ultrasound
• Icyitegererezo cy'inkari gishobora gupimwa kugira ngo harebwe ingano ya kalisiyumu isohoka mu nkari n'uko impyiko zikora neza.

Iyo hakekwa indi mpamvu, nka kanseri, muganga ashobora kandi gutegeka ko hakorwa ibizamini byo gufata amashusho nka X-ray, MRI, cyangwa CT scan.

Ivurwa ite?

Gahunda yo kuvura izaterwa n'uburemere bwa hypercalcemia yawe n'icyayiteye. Iyo indwara ari nto (Hypercalcemia yoroshye): Muganga wawe ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kutaguvura, ahubwo akagukurikirana buri gihe urugero rwa calcium mu mubiri wawe. Ashobora kandi kukugira inama ibi bikurikira:

• Nywa amazi menshi.
• Hagarika cyangwa uhindure imiti imwe n'imwe ufata, nka diuretics.
• Hagarika gufata ibinini birwanya aside birimo kalisiyumu.
• Hagarika gufata inyunganiramirire ya kalisiyumu.

Iyo indwara ikomeye (Severe Hypercalcemia): Muri iki gihe, ushobora gukenera imiti cyangwa kubagwa.

• Imiti: Muganga wawe ashobora kuguha imiti nka `Cinacalcet (Sensipar),` imisemburo `Calcitonin` ikomoka kuri salmon, steroid nka `Prednisone` ku ndwara ziterwa no kwiyongera kwa vitamine D, na `Bisphosphonates` na `Denosumab (Prolia, Xgeva)` ku ntege nke z'amagufwa ziterwa na kanseri.
• Kubagwa: Niba hypercalcemia yawe iterwa n'udukoko twa parathyroid dukora cyane, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kubaga gukuraho udukoko twanduye cyangwa udukoko.

Ibindi bintu bike ugomba kumenya

Imiterere y'ubuzima bwawe mu gihe ufite `Hypercalcemia` iterwa n'uburemere bw'indwara n'impamvu yayo. Iyo indwara ari nto, nta zindi ngorane zishobora kubaho. Ushobora gucunga urugero rwa kalisiyumu yawe ukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga. Ariko, iyo indwara ikomeye, gahunda yo kuyivura izashyirwaho hashingiwe ku mpamvu. Niba impamvu ari kanseri, ushobora gukenera kujya mu bitaro kugira ngo uhabwe amazi yo mu mitsi (IV fluids) n'ubundi buryo bwo kuvura. Nubwo `Hypercalcemia`, iterwa n'izindi ndwara nka kanseri, idashobora kwirindwa, hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo ugenzure urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yawe.

• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite amateka ya hyperparathyroidism, amabuye mu mpyiko, cyangwa urugero rwinshi rwa kalisiyumu, menyesha muganga wawe ibyayo.
• Ntuzigere ufata imiti igabanya ubukana bwa kalisiyumu cyangwa imiti igabanya ubukana bwa kalisiyumu utarabanje kugisha inama muganga .
• Buri gihe banza uganire na muganga mbere yo gufata vitamine, imyunyungugu, cyangwa izindi nyongeramusaruro.

Hypercalcemia, kalisiyumu, kalisiyumu nyinshi, kalisiyumu mu maraso, parathyroid, amabuye y'impyiko, ububabare bw'amagufwa