Ese wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mwavunitse igufwa? (Gucika kw'igufwa) Ntugahangayike, reka tubiganireho!

Bishobora gutera ubwoba no guhangayika gutekereza ko wowe, umwana wawe, cyangwa undi muntu uzi azavunika igufwa. Hari igihe bishobora guterwa no kugwa gato, mu gihe uri gukina, cyangwa ndetse n'impanuka nto mu gihe uri mu modoka. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku igufwa ryavunitse icyo ari cyo, uburyo bwo kurimenya, icyo abaganga bakora kuri ryo, kandi ikiruta byose, uburyo rikira.

Mu by'ukuri, kuvunika igufwa bivuze iki?

Mu magambo make, igufwa ryavunitse ni igihe igufwa rikomeye mu mubiri wacu rivunika cyangwa rimeneka, haba burundu cyangwa igice cyaryo. Ubusanzwe abaganga babyita 'kuvunika' . Nubwo amagufwa yacu akomeye cyane, iyo ashyizwe ku mbaraga zirenze urugero runaka, nko kugwa cyangwa gukubitwa cyane, ashobora kuvunika. Tekereza nk'inkoni y'igiti, ushobora kuyigonda gato, ariko nugera ku rugero rungana, izavunika, sibyo? Uko ni ko bimeze.

Kuki tuvunika amagufwa yacu gutya? Impamvu ni izihe?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma igufwa rivunika. Reka turebe zimwe mu mpamvu z'ingenzi.

• Gugwa: Iyi ni yo mpamvu ikunze gutera amagufwa kuvunika, cyane cyane mu bana n'abageze mu za bukuru. Abana bato bashobora kugwa biruka hirya no hino, bazamuka ibiti, cyangwa se bicaye mu rugo gusa. Uko tugenda dusaza, uburinganire bwacu buragabanuka kandi amagufwa yacu agacika intege, bigatuma dushobora kuvunika igufwa bitewe no kugwa.
• Impanuka: Amagufwa ashobora kandi kuvunika bitewe n'ibintu nk'impanuka zo mu muhanda, kugwa uturutse ahantu harehare, cyangwa impanuka zo ku kazi.
• Imvune mu mikino: Abakinnyi bashobora kuvunika amagufwa mu gihe bakina imikino ikomeye nka cricket, umupira w'amaguru, rugby, cyangwa kwiruka no gusimbuka. Hari igihe ibi bishobora kubaho ndetse no mu gihe cyo kugwa nabi.
• Gusubiramo Imihangayiko: Iyo ukomeje gukora ingendo imwe, umuvuduko muto ushobora gushyirwa ku igufwa ririmo. Abasirikare n'abiruka intera ndende bashobora kuvunika amagufwa mato (`Stress Fractures`) bitewe n'izo mpamvu.
• Kuvunika kw'indwara: Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe, nka osteoporosis na kanseri y'amagufwa, zishobora gutuma amagufwa acika intege bigatuma avunika n'imbaraga nkeya.

Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imvune?

Yego, mu by’ukuri hariho ubwoko butandukanye bw’amagufwa avunitse, bitewe n’uburyo amagufwa yavunitse n’imiterere y’ibice by’amagufwa byavunitse. Abaganga bakoresha ubu buryo kugira ngo bamenye uburyo bwo kuvura. Reka turebere hamwe muri make ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw’ingenzi bw’amagufwa avunitse.

• Gucika kw'ikirahure cya Greenstick:Ibi ni nko kumena ikibabi kibisi kandi gitose, uruhande rumwe rukavunika urundi ruhande rukagonda. Uruhande rumwe gusa rw'igufwa nirwo rwavunitse burundu, mu gihe urundi ruhande rworoshye. Ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane mu magufwa y'abana bato, kuko amagufwa yabo yoroshye kandi yoroshye kuyahindura.
• Gucika kw'igufwa cyangwa Torus: Ibi bibaho igihe uruhande rumwe rw'igufwa rugondamye gato rujya hanze, nk'ipfundo rito. Urundi ruhande ntirucitse. Iki kandi ni igikomere gikunze kugaragara ku bana bato.
• Gucika kw'imitsi: Imitsi yacu ifatanyirizwa ku magufwa yacu n'uturemangingo twitwa imitsi. Hari igihe, iyo imitsi ivuye aho ifatanyirizwa n'igufwa, igice cy'igufwa gishobora kuvaho icyarimwe. Ibyo byitwa kuvunika kw'imitsi.
• Gucika kw'uruti rw'umuyoboro w'igufwa: Uko abana n'abakiri bato bakura, hari ahantu hadasanzwe mu magufwa yabo aho bakura igihe kirekire. Utwo duce tutwita uruti rw'umuyoboro w'igufwa. Iyo igufwa rivunitse kuri imwe muri izi mpande z'umuyoboro w'igufwa, byitwa kuvunika kw'uruti rw'umuyoboro w'igufwa. Iki ni ikintu cyo kwitabwaho cyane, kuko gishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikurire y'amagufwa y'umwana mu gihe kizaza.
• Gucika intege mu gihe cy'igufwa: Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, iyo igufwa rikomeje kugira stress, nko mu biruka, umuvuduko muto ushobora kuvuka imbere mu igufwa. Uyu si stress itunguranye, ahubwo ni stress nto igenda ikura buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita bitewe n'stress ikomeje kwiyongera.
• Kuvunika kw'igufwa: Uku ni ukuvunika gukomeye cyane. Ni igihe igufwa rivunikamo ibice birenga bibiri. Ibi bikunze kubaho nyuma y'impanuka ikomeye cyangwa gukubitwa bikomeye.
• Gucika intege: Iki ni igihe igufwa rikandamizwa, rigashwanyagurika, rigatakaza uburebure bwaryo. Bimeze nk'ikigega kirimo gukandwa. Ubu bwoko bw'imvune bukunze kugaragara mu mitsi y'uruti rw'umugongo, cyane cyane ku bantu bakuze bafite indwara nka osteoporosis.

Ubu ni bumwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi. Byongeye kandi, hari ubundi bwoko bw'imvune, kandi muganga ashobora kukubwira neza ubwoko bw'imvune iyo arebye kuri X-ray.

Bimera bite iyo tuvunitse igufwa? Ni ibihe bimenyetso?

Iyo igufwa ryavunitse, rishobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso bitandukanye. Bimwe biragaragara cyane, mu gihe ibindi bitagaragara neza.

• Ububabare: Iki ni cyo kimenyetso nyamukuru abantu hafi ya bose bumva. Hari ububabare bukabije aho imvune yavunitse. Hari igihe ububabare butuma bidashoboka kwimura agace kagize ikibazo.
• Kubyimba: Agace gakikije aho imvune ivunitse kazatangira kubyimba. Iyi ni uburyo umubiri ubyitwaramo bisanzwe.
• Guhinduka kw'ibara: Amaraso anyura munsi y'uruhu aho ibara ryacitse, bigatuma ahantu hagaragara nk'ubururu, umuhengeri cyangwa umuhondo. Bisa n'igisebe gikomeye.
• Ingorane zo kwimuka:Ukuboko, ukuguru cyangwa indi ngingo byavunitse bishobora gutuma bigorana kubikoresha cyangwa kubikoresha uko bisanzwe.
• Ubusembwa: Mu gihe hari imvune zikomeye, urwego rw'umubiri rushobora kurambura rugasa n'aho rufite imiterere idasanzwe. Iki ni ikimenyetso kibi kandi ugomba guhita ubonana na muganga.
• Gucika kw'igufwa: Hari igihe igice cy'igufwa ryavunitse gishobora gucika mu ruhu kikavamo. Ibi byitwa 'gucika kw'igufwa' (cyangwa gucika kw'igufwa ry'igufwa) . Ibi ni bibi cyane kuko hari ibyago byinshi byo kuva amaraso no kwandura.
• Crepitus: Iyo ibice by'amagufwa byavunitse bihuye, ijwi ridasanzwe, nk'ijwi ryo 'gusakuza', rishobora kumvikana iyo agace kakozweho cyangwa kanyeganyejwe .

Icy'ingenzi: Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso cyangwa byinshi, ntimukirengagize nk'igikomere gusa. Shaka ubufasha kwa muganga ako kanya.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma niba igufwa ryavunitse?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga ufite igufwa ryavunitse, babanza kukubaza uko ryagenze n'uburyo ribabaza. Hanyuma, bazasuzuma witonze igufwa rikekwaho kuba ryavunitse. Bazareba niba hari kubyimba, impinduka mu miterere, kugenda, n'ububabare iyo bikozweho.

Hanyuma, X-ray irasabwa kugira ngo hamenyekane neza niba igufwa ryavunitse, aho riri, n'uko ryavunitse. X-ray ishobora kwerekana ibintu byinshi neza, nko uburyo igufwa ryavunitse, aho ryavunitse, ndetse niba ibice by'amagufwa byavanyweho. Mu magufwa amwe na amwe akomeye, scan ya CT cyangwa MRI ishobora no gukorwa.

Ni gute wavura amagufwa yavunitse? Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?

Intego nyamukuru yo kuvura igufwa ryavunitse ni ugushyira ibice byavunitse neza no kubigumana mu mwanya wabyo. Icyo gihe ni bwo igufwa rishobora gukira neza. Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kubikemura.

• Gutera: Ubu buryo ni bwo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane. Ingufu ikomeye ishyirwa ku kuboko kwavunitse, ukuguru, cyangwa ikindi gice cy'umubiri. Ibi bifasha igufwa ryavunitse gukira neza binyuze mu kuribuza kugenda. Igihe igufwa rigomba kumara ryambarwa biterwa n'aho ryavunitse, ubwoko bw'imvune, n'imyaka y'umuntu.
• Ingufu cyangwa Ingufu: Hari igihe, cyane cyane iyo habayeho kubyimba cyane mu ntangiriro, hakoreshwa icyuma gikuraho (cyaba ``splint`` cyangwa ``brace``) kidakomeye nk'ingufu. Ingufu ishobora gushyirwaho nyuma yuko kubyimba kugabanutse.
• Kugabanya: Hari igihe igufwa ryavunitse rishobora kwimurwa, ibice bibiri bikagenda bigaruka. Iyo bibaye, muganga azasubiza ibice hamwe.Igisigo gishyirwamo nyuma yuko kimaze 'gushyirwaho'. Ibi tubyita 'ishyirwaho', kandi mu mvugo y'ubuvuzi byitwa `(Kugabanya)`.
• Gufunga: Muri ibi, ibice by'amagufwa bihindurwa inyuma nta gukata uruhu. Hari igihe ibi bikorwa hakoreshejwe ikinyabutabire cyoroshye (anesthesia), kuko bishobora kubabaza gato.
• Kugabanya no Gufata Imbere mu Mutwe (ORIF): Mu gihe hari aho imvune zikomeye, cyangwa iyo Kugabanya guhagarara neza, hakorwa igikorwa cyo gukuraho ibice by'amagufwa byavunitse no kubisana imbere hakoreshejwe insinga, amasahani, vis, n'udupira.
• Gufata Inyuma: Mu gihe havunitse cyane, hari igihe hakoreshwa icyuma gifata ibice by'amagufwa mu mwanya wabyo.

Byongeye kandi, muganga azaguha imiti nk'imiti igabanya ububabare ndetse n'imiti ishobora kuba imiti igabanya ubukana (mu gihe cy'imvune).

Ese ntabwo ari igitangaza? Ni gute igufwa ryo mu mubiri wacu rikira?

Gukira kw'amagufwa ni igikorwa gitangaje kandi kigoye mu mibiri yacu. Reka turebe uko bigenda intambwe ku yindi.

1. Imiterere y'amaraso mu maraso: Ubwa mbere, iyo igufwa rivunitse, amaraso atangira kwirundanya hafi y'aho ryavunitse, bigatuma amaraso acika (cyangwa hematoma). Ibi birinda aho ryavunitse kandi bigatangira gushaka uturemangingo twihariye dukenewe kugira ngo tuvurwe.

2. Imiterere ya Callus: Hanyuma, mu minsi mike, ingingo nshya yoroshye (`callus yoroshye`) itangira gukora hirya no hino ku bice bibiri by'amagufwa byavunitse aho amaraso yari ari. Ibi bimeze nk'ishinya, bihuza ibice bibiri by'amagufwa byavunitse. Uko igihe kigenda gihita (mu byumweru bike), iyi ``callus`` yoroshye igenda yiyongera buhoro buhoro calcium ihinduka ``callus yo mu magufwa`` ikomeye kandi ikomeye. Niyo mpamvu bivugwa ko plaster isigara igihe kirekire. Rinda iyi ``callus``` kugeza igihe ikoze neza kandi igufwa rigakomera.

3. Kuvugurura amagufwa: Udusimba dushya tw’igufwa dushobora kuba tunini gato kandi dutandukanye n’imiterere y’igufwa rya mbere. Ariko uko igihe kigenda gihita (amezi make, wenda umwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri), uturemangingo twihariye mu mubiri wacu (uturemangingo tw’amagufwa na osteoblast) dusenya iri gufwa rishya, tukaryubaka, hanyuma tugahindura igufwa ku ishusho yaryo ya mbere. Ibi byitwa Kuvugurura amagufwa.

Urabona rero ko ari igikorwa gitangaje kugira ngo igufwa rikire. Kwihangana n'igihe ni ingenzi cyane kuri ibi.

Reka rero tubizirikane! (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Kumena igufwa ni ikintu giteye ubwoba kandi kibabaza umuntu uwo ari we wese. Ariko iyo udatinye, ukabyumva neza, ugahabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye, akenshi bishobora gukira burundu.

• Iyo habayeho gukeka ko habaye gutandukana,Ntugafate ko ari igikomere cyangwa gukomereka gusa, hita ubonana na muganga. Uko utegereza igihe kirekire, niko bizatwara igihe kirekire kugira ngo kire kandi niko ushobora kugira ingorane nyinshi.
• Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga neza, cyane cyane igihe ugomba kumara ubika plaster (ibumba), imiti, n'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ukire vuba.
• Witondere cyane cyane imvune z'amagufwa ku bana, cyane cyane izifata ingingo (growth plate), kuko zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikurire yabo y'ejo hazaza.
• Bifata igihe kugira ngo igufwa rikire. Ihangane. Ha umubiri wawe umwanya ukeneye kugira ngo ukore akazi kawo neza.
• Nubwo plaster yakuweho, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nk'uko muganga abisaba bizafasha cyane mu kugarura imbaraga no kugarura imyitwarire muri iyo ngingo.
• Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa gushidikanya, ntuzigere utinya cyangwa ngo utinye kongera kubaza muganga wawe. Ufite uburenganzira bwose bwo kumenyeshwa ubuzima bwawe.

Rero, witondere! Iyo habaye impanuka, ntugatinye, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya.

Amagufwa yavunitse, kuvunika, kuvunika, kuvunika sima, gukira kwavunika, kuvunika kw'abana, inzira yo gukira kw'amagufwa