Lacunar Stroke ni iki? Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye!

Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara ikomeye cyane igomba kwitabwaho. Ushobora kuba warumvise indwara yo mu bwonko. Imwe mu ndwara zikunze kugaragara cyane ni indwara yo mu bwonko ifata umuyoboro muto cyane w'amaraso mu bwonko. Ni nk'umuyoboro w'amazi ufunganye uhagarika amazi gutembera.

Gucika kw'imitsi mu mitsi idafite amaraso (lacunar stroke) bibaho iyo amaraso atembera mu mitsi mito iri mu bwonko ahagaze, cyangwa agafungwa n'amaraso afunganye, bigatera kwangirika kuri icyo gice cy'ubwonko. Ubu ni ubwoko bwa stroke bwitwa ischemic stroke . Hari igihe abaganga babyita lacunar infarction. Ijambo 'infarction' risobanura ko iyo igice cy'umubiri kibuze amaraso, iyo mitsi irapfa. Gucika kw'imitsi ni ikintu cyose gihagarika gutembera kw'amaraso mu bwonko.

Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi gishyira ubuzima mu kaga , kimwe n’impanuka. Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi afite ibimenyetso bya stroke, hamagara 911 (cyangwa nimero y’ubutabazi bw’ibanze yo mu gace utuyemo) ako kanya . Uko ugera kwa muganga vuba ugatangira kuvurwa, niko amahirwe yo gukiza ubuzima aba menshi. Buri segonda rigira agaciro.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko ifata imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa lacunar?

Ibimenyetso bya lacunar stroke bisa cyane n'ibindi bwoko bwa ischemic stroke. Kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bishobora kubaho icyarimwe:

• Kumva ufite intege nke cyangwa udafite icyo uvuze ku ruhande rumwe rw'isura n'umubiri.
• Kugorwa no kuvuga, kuvuga amagambo make, rimwe na rimwe no gutakaza burundu ijambo (ibi tubyita 'aphasia' ).
• Imvugo idasobanutse neza, kuvuga nabi (ibi byitwa 'dysarthria' ).
• Kubura ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imitsi ku ruhande rumwe rw'isura (nk'aho umunwa ukururwa uruhande rumwe).
• Gucika intege cyangwa gutakaza kimwe cyangwa byinshi mu byumviro byacu bitanu (kubona, kumva, guhumurirwa, uburyohe, gukorakora).
• Kureba nabi, kureba kabiri ( diplopia ).
• Kubura uburinganire no kudashobora kugenzura amaguru n'amaboko, nk'umuntu wasinze ( 'Ataxia' ).
• Kumva umeze nk'uzunguzungu cyangwa ufite vertigo.
• Isesemi no kuruka.

Niba ukeka ko warwaye indwara yo mu bwonko, ibuka ubu buryo bwa 'BE FAST'!

Ni byiza kwibuka izi nyuguti z'Icyongereza zisobanura 'BE FAST' kugira ngo umenye vuba niba wowe cyangwa uwo ukunda afite ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo:

• B ku kuringaniza: Reba niba uhita utakaza kuringaniza. Ese ugorwa no guhagarara cyangwa kugenda?
• E ku maso: Reba niba hari ugutakaza amaso mu buryo butunguranye, guhindagurika, cyangwa impinduka mu maso rimwe cyangwa yombi.
• F ku Isura: Saba bamwenyure. Reba niba uruhande rumwe cyangwa byombi rw'isura yabo rusa n'aho runanutse. Ese umunwa wabo ukururwa ku ruhande rumwe?
• A ku byerekeye amaboko: Saba kuzamura amaboko yombi. Niba bafite ikibazo cyo gucika intege, ukuboko kumwe gushobora kugwa hasi kudashobora gukomeza ukundi hejuru.
• S ku Imvugo: Reba niba hari amagambo ahindagurika, ahindagurika, cyangwa ingorane zo kubona amagambo akwiye mu gihe uvuga. Ese ushobora kuvuga neza iyo usabwe kuvuga interuro yoroshye?
• T ku gihe: Igihe ni ingenzi cyane! Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso , shaka ubufasha ako kanya, bivuze guhamagara 1990. Niba bishoboka, andika igihe ibimenyetso byawe byatangiriye ureba isaha yawe cyangwa terefone. Kubwira muganga wawe igihe ibimenyetso byawe byatangiriye bishobora kumufasha guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Reka kandi twige kuri 'Mini-Stroke'?

Hari igihe habaho 'Impanuka y'igihe gito' cyangwa 'TIA' . Hari n'abantu babyita 'Mini-Stroke'. Ibi ni igihe ugira ibimenyetso bisa n'iby'indwara yo mu bwonko, ariko bigashira nyuma y'igihe gito (ubusanzwe mu masaha 24). Ariko, uyu ni umuburo ukomeye w'uko indwara yo mu bwonko nyayo ishobora kuza vuba. Umuntu wagize TIA na we akeneye kwitabwaho byihutirwa na muganga. Si byiza kubyirengagiza gusa.

Ni iki gitera indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi mu bwonko (lacunar stroke)?

Guhagarara kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko, nk'uko nabivuze mbere, biterwa n'uko amaraso afunga umuyoboro muto w'amaraso uri mu bwonko bwawe. Utwo duce tw'ubwonko niho hari ahantu hakomeye hagenzura ibyumviro byacu (ibyiyumvo, kureba, nibindi) n'ingendo zacu, nka Basal Ganglia na Thalamus .

Hari indwara nyinshi zishobora gutuma amaraso afungana kandi zigatera indwara zo mu kibuno. Urugero:

• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (Hypertension): Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi kandi gikomeye cyane gishobora gutera ibyago . Niba uzi ko umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe uri hejuru, ni ngombwa kuwugenzura.
• Kolesteroli nyinshi mu maraso (Hyperlipidemia): Iyo kolesteroli mbi yiyongera, ishobora kwinjirira mu mitsi y'amaraso ikayifunga.
• Indwara zo kuvura amaraso: Hari abantu bagira akamenyero ko amaraso yabo yipfundika byoroshye.
• Kwandura COVID-19: Ibi bishobora kandi kujyana no kuvura amaraso mu buryo bumwe na bumwe.
• Indwara zangiza ingirangingo z'umubiri: Urugero, mu ndwara ikomeye nka sepsis , ibice by'ingirangingo zapfuye bishobora guteranira mu maraso bikajya mu bwonko bigashyirwa mu mwanya wabyo.

Wibuke ko umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso ari umwanzi ukomeye wa lacunar stroke. Vugana na muganga wawe ibyerekeye umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe kandi ugerageze kuwugumana ku rwego rwiza.

Ni nde ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko iterwa n'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa lacunar stroke?

Umuntu wese ashobora kugira indwara yo mu bwonko yitwa lacunar stroke, ariko hari abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara iyi ndwara. Muri ibi harimo:

• Abantu barengeje imyaka 65.
• Abantu bafite inkomoko y'abirabura (ibi bishobora kuba bifitanye isano n'imiterere y'umubiri n'imibereho y'abaturage).
• Abantu banywa itabi cyangwa bakoresha ibindi bintu birimo nikotine (urugero: vaping).
• Abantu bakoresha ibiyobyabwenge.

Nanone, abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe bari mu kaga gakomeye:

• Abantu bafite imiterere y’uturemangingo muri gene ya 'NOTCH3' (ibi bifitanye isano n’indwara idasanzwe yitwa CADASIL).
• Abantu bafite ibibazo by’umutima nko kurwara indwara ya atrial fibrillation (ishobora gutuma amaraso afungana mu mutima).
• Indwara yo kunywa inzoga.
• Ku bafite indwara ya 'atherosclerosis', indwara ituma inkuta z'imitsi y'amaraso ziba nyinshi kandi zigakomera.
• Diyabete (Diabete Mellitus).

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma neza indwara ya lacunar stroke?

Muganga azasuzuma niba ufite indwara yo mu bwonko, asuzuma ibimenyetso byawe, asuzuma ubwonko , agakora isuzuma ry’umubiri, kandi agakora n’ibindi bizamini byihariye. Iyo ujyanywe mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze, abaganga baho bashobora kugusuzuma.

Abaganga bakoresha ibizamini nk'ibi kugira ngo bemeze ko wagize ikibazo cyo gucika kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko:

• Gupima amaraso: Reba ibintu nk'ibibazo byo kuvura amaraso, diyabete, n'urugero rwa cholesterol.
• Gupima CT: Ibi bishobora gufata amafoto y'ubwonko no kumenya vuba niba hari amaraso cyangwa imiyoboro y'amaraso yazibye.
• EEG (Electroencephalogram): Igenzura imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'ubwonko (ishobora kuba ngombwa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe).
• ECG (Electrocardiogram): Reba niba umutima utera nabi kandi ko nta bimenyetso by'indwara y'umutima.
• MRI: Ibi bishobora gutanga amashusho yumvikana neza kandi arambuye y'ubwonko. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu gusuzuma neza ibyangiritse mu bwonko biterwa n'indwara yo mu bwonko.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa lacunar?

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane mu kuvura indwara yo mu bwonko ya lacunar stroke ni ukugarura amaraso mu bwonko vuba bishoboka. Abaganga babikora vuba bishoboka kuko bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika burundu k'ubwonko no gupfa.

Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura:

• Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya Thrombolytic: Iyi ni imiti isesa amaraso. Akenshi itangwa mu masaha ane n'igice uhereye igihe ibimenyetso byatangiriye, kuko iyo itanzwe nyuma, haba hari ibyago byinshi byo kuva amaraso mu mubiri.
• Kubaga amaraso mu buryo bwa mechanical: Ubu ni uburyo bwo kubaga kugira ngo amaraso akurweho. Umuganga ashyiramo umuyoboro muto, woroshye (catheter) mu miyoboro y'amaraso iri ahandi mu mubiri wawe, akawushyira mu miyoboro y'amaraso mu bwonko bwawe. Hanyuma iyo miyoboro irakururwa icyarimwe cyangwa igacikamo ibice hanyuma igakurwamo. Ariko, mu bihe byinshi byo gucikamo ibice, imiyoboro y'amaraso yafashwe ishobora kuba mito cyane ku buryo itashobora gukora ubu buryo bwo kubaga amaraso mu maraso. Muganga wawe n'umuganga wawe bazakubwira icyo ari cyo cyiza ku kibazo cyawe.

Uretse ibi, ushobora gukenera ubundi buryo bwo kuvura:

• Imiti igabanya amaraso: Imiti igabanya amaraso ibuza amaraso kuzura byoroshye. Iyi miti ishobora no gutangwa nyuma yo kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imiti igabanya amaraso.
• Kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso: Abaganga baguha imiti yo kugenzura umuvuduko wawe no kuwugumana ku rwego rwiza.

Ese kugarura ubuzima nyuma yo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko (stroke) ni ingenzi?

Yego rwose! Gusubira mu buzima ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane mu kuvura nyuma yo gucika intege mu bwonko. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bugufasha kumenyera impinduka zabaye ku bwonko bwawe no ku mubiri wawe bitewe n'indwara yo gucika intege mu bwonko. Ushobora gukenera ubufasha kugira ngo wongere ubushobozi wari ufite mbere yo gucika intege mu bwonko, cyangwa kugira ngo umenyere kubaho ufite ubumuga bushya. Ushobora gukenera bumwe cyangwa uburyo bumwe muri ubu buryo bwo kuvura:

• Ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga: Ibi bishobora kugufasha kunoza ubuhanga bwawe mu rurimi, uburyo uvuga, no kugenzura imitsi igufasha kuvuga, guhumeka, kurya no kumira. Imiti igabanya plaque ikunze gukenerwa nyuma yo gucika intege mu bwonko.
• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri: Ibi bishobora gufasha gukomeza imitsi yawe, kunoza uburinganire bwawe, no kongera gukoresha amaboko n'amaguru yawe.
• Ubuvuzi bw'akazi: Ibi bigufasha gukora imirimo yawe ya buri munsi mu mutekano, cyane cyane imirimo isaba gukora neza (urugero: kurya, kwambara, kwandika).
• Kuvugurura ubwenge: Ibi bifasha kongera ubushobozi bwo kwibuka, kwita ku bintu, n'ubundi bushobozi bwo mu mutwe.

Ese umuntu ashobora kubaho nyuma yo kugira indwara yo mu bwonko yitwa lacunar stroke? Ese birashoboka gukira neza?

Umubare w'abantu barokotse indwara yo mu bwonko uri kwiyongera, bitewe n'ubuvuzi bwiza kandi bwihuse. Ariko biragoye kumenya neza niba hari gahunda imwe yo gukira cyangwa niba hari icyerekezo kimwe.

Imitsi yo mu bwonko (n'ubundi bwoko bwa 'imitsi yo mu bwonko itera ischemic') muri rusange igira igipimo cyo kubaho kiri hejuru kurusha imitsi yo kuva amaraso , iterwa no kuva amaraso mu bwonko. Ariko ibyo ntibivuze ko uzaramba kurusha abandi.

Umubiri wa buri wese ukira indwara yo mu bwonko mu buryo butandukanye. Icyo "gukira burundu" bivuze kuri wewe gishobora kuba gitandukanye n'icyo bivuze ku wundi muntu. Ushobora kugarura imikorere yuzuye y'ubwonko bwawe n'umubiri wawe, ariko ushobora no kugira ubumuga bushya cyangwa butandukanye nyuma yo kugira indwara yo mu bwonko yo mu bwonko.

Icyo ushobora kwitega giterwa n'ibintu byinshi:

• imyaka yawe.
• Uburyo indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi yavuwe vuba.
• Ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Abantu benshi bifata amezi menshi kugira ngo bakire. Muganga wawe azakubwira icyo ugomba kwitega. Azagufasha kwishyiriraho intego zo gukira n'ibyo witeze bitewe n'ubuzima bwawe.

Ese indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi ishobora kwirindwa?

Yego rwose! Kugumana ubuzima bwiza muri rusange ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kwirinda indwara yo mu bwonko iterwa n'imitsi yo mu bwonko. Gerageza gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Komeza umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe, urugero rwa cholesterol, n'izindi ndwara (urugero: diyabete). Fata imiti yawe nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse.
• Kurya ibiryo byinshi bifite intungamubiri (imboga, imbuto, ibinyamisogwe, na fibre). Komeza kugira ibiro bizima bikubereye.
• Niba unywa itabi, rekera aho. Irinde ibindi bicuruzwa birimo nikotine.
• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe. Kora ikintu nko kugenda n'amaguru nibura iminota 30 ku munsi.

Jya kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri mwaka (cyangwa nk'uko muganga wawe agusaba). Indwara nyinshi n'ibibazo bishobora gutera indwara yo mu bwonko itera gucika buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ushobora kutabona ibimenyetso. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya ibimenyetso by'umuburo hakiri kare no kugufasha kubigenzura.

Ni gute nakwiyitaho nyuma yo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko?

Gukira indwara yo gucika intege mu bwonko no kujya muri gahunda zo kuvura indwara zo mu bwonko ntabwo byoroshye, ni akazi kenshi. Iyo wowe na muganga wawe mumaze gutegura gahunda yo kuvura, muyikurikize neza uko bishoboka kose. Muri rusange, mugomba gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Fata imiti yawe neza uko wabitegetswe. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane niba ufata imiti igabanya amaraso. Ni ngombwa kugabanya ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso mu gihe kizaza, kandi gufata imiti yawe nk'uko wabitegetswe na muganga bizafasha umubiri wawe gukira.
• Komeza gahunda zawe zo kuvura indwara ziterwa n'ibizamini n'izindi gahunda zo kuvurwa. Bwira umuvuzi wawe niba hari ikintu kigutera kumva umerewe nabi cyangwa ufite umutekano. Gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe ni akazi katoroshye, ariko ntugomba guhora ubabara cyangwa ubabaye.
• Tekereza no ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe.Kwiheba no guhangayika ni ibintu bisanzwe nyuma yo gucika intege mu mutwe. Ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe ni ingenzi kimwe n'ubuzima bwawe bw'umubiri. Kubabara cyangwa guhangayika ntibigutera intege nke cyangwa gutsindwa. Niba wumva uremerewe n'ikintu runaka mu gihe cyo gukira, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa umujyanama w'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe .

Ni ibihe biribwa n'ibinyobwa nkwiye kwirinda?

Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kongeramo cyangwa gukuraho ibiryo bimwe na bimwe mu mirire yawe. Ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo guhindura gato gahunda yawe ya buri munsi kugira ngo bigufashe mu gucunga indwara zawe cyangwa kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara amaraso mu gihe kizaza nyuma yo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko yitwa lacunar stroke.

Ibiryo bisanzwe bigirwa inama yo kwirinda ni ibi bikurikira:

• Inzoga
• Ibinyobwa bikungahaye kuri kafeyine (byaba byiza uramutse ugabanyije igihe unywa icyayi na kawa)
• Ibiryo birimo isukari nyinshi (ibiryo biryoshye, ibinyobwa)
• Ibiribwa birimo umunyu mwinshi (sodium) (gabanya umunyu mu biribwa, irinde ibiryo byatunganyijwe birimo umunyu mwinshi)
• Ibiryo bikaranze
• Ibiryo bitunganyijwe cyane (urugero: sosiso, inyama z'inyama, ibiryo bipfunyitse)

Ni ryari ngomba kongera kujya mu Ishami ry’Ubutabazi bw’Ingoboka (ETU) ?

Niba wumva urimo kongera kugira stroke, hamagara 911 (cyangwa nimero y’ubutabazi bw’ibanze yo mu gace utuyemo) ako kanya. Indi stroke ishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye ndetse n’urupfu. Ntugatinde gushaka ubufasha cyangwa kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze.

Abantu barwaye indwara yo mu bwonko ya lacunar stroke bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye. Urugero:

• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) (amaraso afungana mu mitsi yo mu maguru)
• Indwara y'umutima
• Umusonga
• Kuziba kw'amaraso mu mitsi y'amaraso mu bihaha (pulmonary embolism )
• Indwara zo mu mutwe

Niba ubonye ibimenyetso by'imwe muri izi ngorane, ugomba guhamagara inzego z'ubutabazi bwihuse cyangwa kujya mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bwihuse.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga wawe, ntutindiganye kubaza ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose ufite. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora kubaza:

• "Ni hehe mu bwonko bwanjye nagize iyi ndwara yo gucika intege nke?"
• 'Ni iyihe ndwara cyangwa ikibazo cyateye ibi?'
• 'Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'umuti nkeneye, kandi nkwiye kuwukoresha nte?'
• 'Ni izihe mpinduka ngomba gukora mu buzima bwanjye bwa buri munsi?'
• 'Ni iki kindi nkwiye gukora kugira ngo ntabashe kongera kugira stroke?'
• "Gahunda yanjye yo kugarura ubuzima izamara igihe kingana iki? Ni ibihe bisubizo niteze?"

Hanyuma, hari ibintu bike byo kwibuka

Indwara yo mu bwonko (Lacunar stroke) ni indwara ifata imitsi mito y’amaraso iri mu bwonko bwawe, ariko ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kwisuzumisha buri gihe. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya no gucunga ibibazo by’ubuzima (nk’umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso, cholesterol, na diyabete) byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko uko igihe kigenda gihita. Vugana na muganga wawe uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga ibintu bishobora gutera indwara wabonye.

Uko ukira indwara yo mu bwonko, ntukibagirwe kwishimira iterambere rito wagize. Hari iminsi ushobora kutabyishimira, ariko intsinzi iyo ari yo yose irakwiye kwishimirwa. Ushobora kwishimira akazi gakomeye wakoze mu kuvura indwara yawe.

Ndizera ko aya makuru azaba ingirakamaro kuri wewe. Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

` Lacunar Stroke, Lacunar Infarct, Lacunar Infarct, Stroke, Amaraso afite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, Ibimenyetso bya Stroke