Reka twige ku ndwara ya Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) mu magambo yoroheje!

Ese kureba kwawe kwaragabanutse buhoro buhoro kandi ibintu byose byatangiye kugaragara nabi? Wenda byatangiriye mu jisho rimwe, kandi nyuma y'amezi make, irindi jisho naryo ryabaye iyi ndwara? Ugomba kuba uhangayikishijwe cyane n'ibi bintu. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara idakunze kugaragara ishobora gutera ibi bimenyetso, ariko yitwa Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy, cyangwa ``(LHON)``.

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, cyangwa LHON mu magambo make, ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo ihererekanywa kuva ku gisekuru kugeza ku kindi. Ikintu nyamukuru kibaho ni uko utakaza ubushobozi bwo kubona. Iyo abantu benshi babirazwe, ubushobozi bwo kubona butangira kugaragara hanyuma bugahinduka buhoro buhoro mu mezi atandatu. Hari igihe bitangirira mu jisho rimwe hanyuma bigafata irindi jisho nyuma y'amezi make. Akenshi bitangira mu bwana cyangwa mu bwana. Ikibabaje ni uko abantu benshi bafite LHON bashobora guhuma mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko. Ibi bivuze ko ubushobozi bwo kubona bugabanuka kugeza aho bafatwa nk'impumyi mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko.

Nanone yitwa indwara ya Leber. Ibyo biterwa nuko umuganga wayitangiye kwiga yari Dr. Theodore Leber. Ijambo "uruhererekane" risobanura ko ari ikintu uvukana . "Optic neuropathy" bivuze ko ari indwara igira ingaruka ku mitsi yawe y'amaso . Imitsi yawe y'amaso ni nk'insinga iva kuri kamera ijya mu bwonko bwawe. Ibintu ubona n'amaso yawe, ni ukuvuga ibimenyetso by'amaso, bijyanwa mu bwonko bwawe n'iyi mitsi y'amaso. Aho niho ubwonko "bubona." Rero, iyo iyi mitsi y'amaso yangiritse, ni bumwe mu buryo bw'ingenzi ushobora gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba.

Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa LHON?

Yego, niba LHON ikunze kugira ingaruka ku mitsi yawe y'amaso, bivuze ko kubura amaso ari cyo kimenyetso cyonyine, byitwa indwara isanzwe ya LHON. Iyi ni yo ndwara abantu benshi barwaye Leber barwaye.

Ariko, ni gake cyane , bamwe bashobora kugira ibindi bimenyetso hamwe na LHON. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bindi bice by'imitsi yabo, ndetse rimwe na rimwe n'umutima wabo. Abaganga babyita "Leber plus." Ibi biragoye gato, kuko bishobora gutera ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima, atari ibibazo byo kureba gusa.

LHON ikunze kugaragara gute?

Ntabwo birazwi neza uburyo LHON isanzwe. Ariko, ibipimo bigaragaza ko umuntu umwe kuri 25.000 kugeza 50.000 ashobora kuba afite iyo ndwara. Birazwi kandi ko 80% kugeza 90% by'abantu bafite LHON ari abagabo .

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya LHON (indwara ya Leber)?

`(LHON)` bituma ububabare bwo kutabona bubaho buhoro buhoro (mu buryo busanzwe)., bivuze ko bibaho buhoro buhoro mu mezi menshi. Impinduka za mbere ushobora kubona ziri mu iyerekwa ryawe ryo hagati . Iyerekwa ryo hagati ni ryo ubona iyo ureba imbere - iyerekwa ukoresha mu gutwara imodoka, gusoma ibitabo, no kumenya amasura. Iyerekwa ryawe ryo hagati rishobora gutangira kugaragara nk'irijimye, cyangwa ushobora kugira akadomo k'umukara hagati mu jisho ryawe, nk'aho utabona neza. Ibi bishobora gutangirira mu jisho rimwe hanyuma bigakwirakwira mu rindi jisho.

Iyi ndwara izarushaho kuba mbi mu mezi make ari imbere. Ushobora no gutangira gutakaza amabara yawe - bivuze ko ushobora kutabona amabara amwe cyangwa ntushobore kuyatandukanya. Gutakaza amaso akenshi bihagarara mu mezi atandatu kugeza ku mwaka nyuma y'uko ibimenyetso bya mbere bitangiye. Muri iki gihe, ubushobozi bwo kubona bw'abantu benshi bushobora kuba buri hagati ya 20/200 cyangwa bubi kurushaho, ari na byo bigaragazwa n'urwego rwo kuba impumyi byemewe n'amategeko. Ushobora kuba ugifite ubushobozi bwo kubona ibintu mu buryo bworoheje, ariko uzagomba kwiga kubaho ufite ubushobozi bwo kutabona neza. Tekereza, wumva isi irimo kugenda ihindagurika mu buryo butunguranye.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya "Leber's plus"?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, abantu bafite "Leber's plus" bashobora kugira ibindi bimenyetso bitandukanye usibye no kutabona neza. Bimwe muri ibyo harimo:

• Indwara zo kugenda , urugero nko gutitira.
• Ibibazo byo kuringaniza no guhuza ibintu (ataxia) . Nk'aho umuntu agenda azunguza umutwe, cyangwa kudashobora gufata ibintu neza.
• Ibibazo byo guterura umutima , urugero, gutera k'umutima ku buryo budasanzwe (arrhythmias).
• Ibimenyetso bya sclerosis nyinshi (MS) , nko kunanirwa kw'imitsi no kunanirwa cyane.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera indwara ya Leber hereditary optic neuropathy?

Leber's lerative optic neuropathy ni indwara ya mitochondrial . Ni indwara y’uturemangingo uvukana binyuze muri mitochondria mu turemangingo twawe. Noneho ushobora kuba wibaza icyo mitochondria ari cyo. Muri make, mitochondria ni nk'uturemangingo duto dutanga ingufu mu turemangingo twawe. Bifata ogisijeni n'intungamubiri kandi bigatanga ingufu uturemangingo twawe dukeneye kugira ngo dukore. Ni nk'umuteranyi utanga imbaraga mu nzu yacu.

Rero, mu ndwara za mitochondrial, iyi gahunda yo gukora ingufu irahungabana. Hanyuma uturemangingo ntitwongere kubona ingufu dukeneye. Kubera iyo mpamvu, uturemangingo tumwe na tumwe dushobora guhagarika gukora neza, cyangwa se tugapfa.

Iyo mitochondria yawe idakora neza, ibice by'umubiri wawe byishingikiriza cyane ku ngufu za mitochondria ni byo bya mbere byumva ingaruka zabyo. Muri ibyo bice by'amaso yawe, cyane cyane imitsi yawe y'amaso.. Niba ufite mitochondria ifite inenge ihagije, ibi bice ntibibona ingufu bikenewe kugira ngo bikore neza. Ibi nibyo bibaho ku ndwara ya Leber. Ingaruka ni uko imitsi yawe y'amaso igenda irushaho kwangirika (`iyangirika`) . Uku niko utakaza ubushobozi bwo kubona hamwe na `(LHON)`.

Ni gute LHON iragwa?

LHON iterwa n'impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo muri ADN muri mitochondria yawe. By'umwihariko, impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo MT-ND1, MT-ND4, MT-ND4L, cyangwa MT-ND6 zitera LHON.

Icy'ingenzi ni uko mitochondria yawe yose uyikura kuri nyoko, ntabwo uyikura kuri so. Kubwibyo, ababyeyi ni bo bonyine bashobora kuyikura ku bana babo. Nubwo se yaba afite iyi ndwara, ntabwo azayikura ku bana be.

Ariko, si buri wese ufite iyi mihindagurikire y’uturemangingo uzagaragaza ibimenyetso bya `(LHON)`. Kubwibyo, hari abantu bashobora kutamenya ko bafite iyi mihindagurikire y’uturemangingo. Ibi biragoye gato, si byo se? Ibi bivuze ko nubwo umubyeyi yaba afite iyi mihindagurikire y’uturemangingo, umwana ashobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso cyangwa ntabigaragaze.

Ese hari ibintu bishobora gutera LHON?

Iki nacyo ni ikibazo cy'ingenzi cyane. Abashakashatsi ntibarasobanukirwa neza impamvu bamwe mu bantu bafite imiterere y'uturemangingo bagaragaza ibimenyetso bya `(LHON)` abandi ntibabigaragaze.

Ariko, hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko stress ku mubiri n'uburozi ku bidukikije bishobora kugira uruhare mu gutangira ibimenyetso. Ibi bivuze ko ibi bintu byo hanze byongera stress ku miterere y'umubiri isanzwe ifite stress bitewe n'impinduka mu miterere y'uturemangingo. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, igitekerezo ni uko iyi stress ishobora kwiyongera ndetse igatera ibimenyetso.

Dore bimwe mu bintu bishobora gutera ibyago:

• Kunywa itabi.
• Ikoreshwa ry'inzoga.
• Guhura n'uburozi bukomoka ku bidukikije (urugero, imiti yica udukoko, imiti ikoreshwa mu nganda).
• Kugira izindi ndwara z'umubiri.
• Guhangayika cyane mu mutwe .

LHON ipimwa ite?

Inzobere mu by’amaso izakora ibizamini bisanzwe by’amaso kugira ngo irebe neza amaso yawe kandi imenye icyateye ikibazo. Bashobora kutabona ikibazo kiri mu jisho ryawe cyangwa imitsi y’amaso mu ntangiriro, ibyo bikaba mu mezi atandatu ya mbere nyuma y’uko ibimenyetso bitangiye. Ibyangiritse birushaho kugaragara nyuma y’amezi atandatu ya mbere nyuma y’uko ibimenyetso bitangiye.

Niba umuganga wawe akeka ko LHON ari yo mpamvu azagukorera ibizamini by’uturemangingo . Ubu ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kumenya neza niba ufite imwe mu mpinduka z’uturemangingo twavuze. Iki kizamini ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kwemeza ko wanduye.

Ese hari uburyo bwo kuvura cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura burundu LHON?

Ikibabaje ni uko nta muti wa LHON uhari ubu. Umuti umwe rukumbi wemewe na FDA ubu ni ubwoko bwa Coenzyme Q10 bw’inganda bwitwa Idebenone. Igerageza ryakozwe ku buryo butaziguye ryagaragaje ko hari intambwe nziza mu bushobozi bwo kureba ku bantu bafite LHON. Indi miti nk’iyo iri mu cyiciro cy’ubushakashatsi.

Abashakashatsi barimo kwiga ku buvuzi bw’uturemangingo , bushobora gukoreshwa nk’ubuvuzi bw’ejo hazaza bwa LHON. Ariko ibi biracyari mu cyiciro cy’ubushakashatsi. Rero, kuri iki gihe, biragoye kwiringira gukira burundu. Ariko, hari uburyo bwo gucunga ibimenyetso no kugenzura uko kureba birushaho kwangirika ku rugero runaka.

Ni iki giteganijwe kuri LHON?

Iyo ubusembwa bwo kutabona butewe na LHON, bushobora kuba bwihuse, bukomeye, kandi akenshi bukaba buhoraho . Abantu benshi bagomba kwiga kubaho bafite ubusembwa bwo kutabona neza. Kutabona neza ni ubumuga bwo kutabona neza ku rugero ruri hagati cyangwa rukomeye, ariko ntibivuze ubuhumyi bwuzuye. Kutabona neza ku rugero ruri hagati ni ikizamini cy’ubuhanga bwo kureba cya 20/70. Kutabona neza cyane ni ikizamini cy’ubuhanga bwo kureba cya 20/200 cyangwa munsi yacyo. Mu by’ukuri iki ni ubwoko bwinshi bw’ubuhanga bwo kureba ushobora kugeraho amaherezo.

Kuba uri ku ruhande rw'ubu bwoko bw'indwara cyangwa se urwaye cyane akenshi ni ikibazo cy'amahirwe. Ubuvuzi bushobora kugira icyo buhindura, ariko impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo ufite zitanga itandukaniro rikomeye. Hari abantu barwaye LHON basubira kubona mu buryo butunguranye nyuma y'umwaka umwe batabona neza. Amahirwe yo kubona muri ubu bwoko atandukanye aratandukanye bitewe n'impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo zitandukanye. Ariko, nubwo wakongera kubona neza, birashoboka ko uzakomeza kubaho ufite ikibazo cyo kutabona neza.

Ese hari uburyo bwo gukumira LHON?

Nubwo abantu benshi bavukana uturemangingo dufitanye isano na LHON batigera batakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba, ubu nta buryo buzwi bwo kubikumira. Gufata antioxydants no kwirinda uburozi bw'imitsi nka inzoga n'itabi bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara, ariko ibi ntibyagaragaye.

Wibuke ko abagore bose bafite izi gene bazaziranduza abana babo. Ubujyanama ku ngirabuzimafatizo bushobora kugufasha gutekereza kuri iyi ngaruka. Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite iyi ndwara, cyangwa niba usanze ufite iyi gene mutation, ni ngombwa cyane kugisha inama ku ngirabuzimafatizo mbere yo gutangiza umuryango.

Waba uzi amateka y'umuryango wa LHON, cyangwa ari ikintu kitunguranye kuri wewe, gutakaza icyerekezo cyawe mu buryo butunguranye bishobora kuba ibintu biteye ubwoba kandi bibabaza umutima. Wowe na muganga wawe mushobora kudasobanukirwa ibiri kuba mbere na mbere. Ariko nubimenya, uzaba ufite byinshi byo kwiga mu gihe umenyera ukuri gushya kwawe.

Wibuke ko utari wenyine muri uru rugendo - hari ubutunzi bwinshi bwo kugufasha. Hari imiryango, ibikoresho, n'inkunga y'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe iboneka ku bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona neza.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Sawa, rero ndizera ko ufite igitekerezo kuri `(LHON)` twavuzeho. Iyi ni ingingo igoye gato, ariko ni ingenzi cyane kuyimenya.

• (LHON) ni indwara umuntu avukana yangiza imitsi y'amaso ikanatuma atabona neza.
• Ibi biterwa n'impinduka mu miterere ya ADN ya mitochondrial, ikomoka ku mubyeyi ku mwana .
• Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara mu bwana, kandi kureba buhoro buhoro bigabanuka nta bubabare.
• Uretse kureba, hari n'ibindi bibazo by'imitsi bishobora kubaho mu ndwara yitwa "Leber plus" .
• Ibintu nk'itabi n'inzoga bishobora kuba impamvu z'icyorezo.
• Kugeza ubu nta muti wihariye uraboneka, ariko hari imiti nka `Idebenone` n'uburyo bwo guhangana n'amaso adakomeye.
• Niba ufite gushidikanya kuri ibi, reba muganga w'amaso maze upime ibizamini by'uturemangingo.
• Kubana n'iki kibazo bishobora kugorana, ariko nturi wenyine, shaka ubufasha.

Ndizera ko aya makuru azagufasha. Niba ufite ikindi kibazo kuri ibi, ntutindiganye kuvugana na muganga. Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, LHON, gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba, imitsi y'amaso, impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo, indwara za mitochondrial, ubuhumyi bw'uruhererekane