Ushobora kujya kwa muganga iyo ufite umuriro, inkorora, cyangwa indi ndwara bakaguha umuti urwanya udukoko, si byo? Ubwoko bumwe bwihariye bw'iyi miti ni 'Macrolides'. Ushobora kuba warahawe umuti ufite iri zina mbere. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku byerekeye iyi miti ya macrolides, indwara ikoreshwa mu kuvura, n'icyo tugomba kumenya mu gihe tuyikoresha.
Izi macrolides ni iki?
Mu magambo make, macrolides ni ubwoko bwa antibiyotike. Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni uguhagarika ukwiyongera kwa bagiteri zinjiye mu mibiri yacu. Mu by'ukuri, iyi miti ikora mu kubuza imikorere ya bagiteri kugira ngo zitabasha gukwirakwira cyangwa gukura kurushaho.
Ariko hari ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane twese tugomba gusobanukirwa hano. Antibiyotike za Macrolide zikora gusa ku ndwara za bagiteri. Ntizivura indwara za virusi nk'ibicurane n'inkorora.
Nanone, hari abantu bashobora kugira ubwivumbure ku zindi antibiyotike, nka penisiline. Muri ibyo bihe, abaganga batanga imiti ya macrolides nk'ubundi buryo.
Ni izihe macrolides zikunze gukoreshwa cyane?
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa macrolides bukunze kwandikirwa n'abaganga muri Sri Lanka no ku isi yose. Ushobora kuba uzi rimwe muri aya mazina.
| Izina ry'ikiyobyabwenge | Intangiriro ngufi |
|---|---|
| Azithromycin | Ubu ni ubwoko bwa macrolide abantu benshi bumvise kandi bukunze gukoreshwa. |
| Clarithromycin | Ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye, harimo na bagiteri zitera ibisebe byo mu gifu. |
| Erythromycin | Ubwoko bwa macrolide bwa kera buboneka mu buryo bw'ibinini ndetse n'amavuta (gel) asigwa ku ruhu. |
| Fidaxomicin | Ikoreshwa cyane cyane ku ndwara ya C. diff, indwara ikomeye yo mu mara. |
Ni ibihe bintu bikoreshwa mu mikorere ya macrolides?
Iyi miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye za bagiteri. Dore ingero zimwe na zimwe:
- Umusonga udasanzwe: Ubwoko bwihariye bwa musonga, buzwi kandi nka "umusonga ugenda."
- Indwara z'amaso ziterwa na bagiteri: Indwara ziterwa n'amaso zitera ibimenyetso nko gutukura no kumera amazi.
- Indwara z'uruhu: Ku ndwara nk'iz'ibiheri, gel irimo Erythromycin rimwe na rimwe ihabwa umuntu kugira ngo irwanye bagiteri ku ruhu.
- Kurwara mu muhogo: Cyane cyane ku bantu bafite ubwivumbure kuri penisiline.
- Inkorora yo mu bwoko bwa Whooping/Pertussis: Indwara itera inkorora ikomeye kandi imara igihe kirekire.
- Ubwandu bwa H. pylori: Iyi ni bagiteri itera ibisebe byo mu gifu cyane. Ivurwa n'imiti nka `(Clarithromycin)` hamwe n'indi miti.
- Indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina: Ku ndwara nka Chlamydia.
- Izindi ndwara: Zikoreshwa kandi mu kuvura indwara ziterwa no gushwanyagurika kw'injangwe (Cat scratch fever), diphtheria, no gucibwamo kw'abashyitsi.
Iyi miti ikoreshwa ite kandi igihe kingana iki?
Antibiyotike za Macrolide ziza mu buryo butandukanye.
- Ibinini byamizwe
- Ibinyobwa
- Gel cyangwa imiti ikoreshwa ku ruhu
- Amavuta yo kwisiga
- Inshinge ziterwa na muganga
Igikuru ni ugufata umuti neza nk'uko muganga wawe abikubwiye, mu gipimo cyagenwe, no mu minsi yagenwe. Cyane cyane niba ari umuti w'amazi, koresha icyuma gipima gusa kiri kumwe nawo. Gupima ukoresheje ikiyiko cyo kunywa mu rugo ntabwo bizaguha ingano nyayo.
Nubwo waba wumva umeze neza, ugomba gufata umuti mu minsi yose wahawe na muganga. Bitabaye ibyo, indwara ishobora kudakira burundu, kandi hari bagiteri zishobora kuguma mu mubiri, bigatuma indwara yongera kugaruka. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kurangiza imiti.
Ese macrolides zigira ingaruka mbi?
Kimwe n'imiti iyo ari yo yose irwanya indwara, imiti ya macrolides ishobora gutera ingaruka mbi nto. Ikunze kugaragara ni ukubabara mu gifu.
- Isesemi no kuruka
- Kubabara mu nda cyangwa kubabara
- Impiswi
Izi ngaruka mbi ubusanzwe ntabwo ziba zikomeye. Ariko, imiterere yazo ishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bwa macrolide ufata. Muganga wawe azabikubwira.
Byongeye kandi, macrolides zishobora kugira ingaruka ku yindi miti ufata. Rero, menya neza ko wabwiye muganga wawe imiti yose, vitamine, n'inyongeramusaruro ufata. Nanone, bwira muganga wawe niba unywa inzoga. Hari igihe ushobora gukenera kwirinda inzoga mu gihe ufata uyu muti.
Nubwo bidakunze kubaho, hari abantu bashobora kugira ubwivumbure. Ikimenyetso gikunze kugaragara ni uduheri ku ruhu. Ni gake cyane, indwara zikomeye z'uruhu nka Stevens-Johnson syndrome zishobora kubaho.
Ese impinduka mu muvuduko w'umutima (arrhythmias) zishobora kubaho?
Ibi nabyo ni gake cyane, ariko ni ngombwa kubimenya. Amwe mu macrolides afite ibyago bike cyane byo gutera imitsi idasanzwe y'umutima (arrhythmias). Ibi biterwa nuko iyi miti ishobora kongera igihe cyitwa QT interval. Mu magambo make, bifata igihe gito kugira ngo imitsi y'umutima ihagarare hanyuma iruhuke. Ibi bishobora gutera imitsi y'umutima iteje akaga yitwa Torsades de Pointes.
Niba ufite ikibazo cy'umutima, muganga azabyitondera maze aguhe indi miti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara z'umutima nibiba ngombwa.
Ni ryari ugomba kujya kwa muganga?
Ni ingenzi cyane kuvugana na muganga wawe mu bihe bikurikira.
| Amahirwe | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Mu gihe nk'iki, vugana na muganga. | |
| Ibibazo bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gufata imiti | Niba utasobanukiwe neza ibintu nk'ingano n'igihe cyo kuyifata. |
| Kubabara bitewe n'ingaruka mbi | Iyo bigoye cyane gufata umuti bitewe n'ibintu nko kugira isesemi no kuruka. |
| Nta kugabanuka kw'ibimenyetso | Niba indwara yawe itarakira ndetse no nyuma yo kurangiza imiti. |
| Ibimenyetso by'ubwivumbure | Iyo hagaragaye ikintu kimeze nk'uduheri ku ruhu. |
| Mu gihe nk'iki, jya mu ishami ryita ku barwayi ba ETU (ETU) ry'ibitaro ako kanya. | |
| Impiswi ikomeye | Niba ufite impiswi y'amazi inshuro nyinshi ku munsi cyangwa niba ufite ibimenyetso byo kubura amazi mu mubiri. |
| Allergie ikomeye | Niba ugize ibimenyetso bya anaphylaxis, nko kugorwa no guhumeka no kubyimba mu maso, iki ni ikibazo gikomeye. |
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Macrolides ni ubwoko bwa antibiyotike itangwa mu kuvura indwara za bagiteri . Ntabwo ikora ku ndwara za virusi nk'ibicurane bisanzwe.
- Fata imiti yose wahawe na muganga wawe, mu minsi yose . Ntureke kuyifata hagati.
- Menyesha muganga wawe indi miti yose ufata n'izindi ndwara zose ufite (cyane cyane indwara z'umutima).
- Ingaruka mbi nke nko kubabara mu gifu zishobora kubaho, ariko niba ugize impiswi ikomeye, uduheri ku ruhu, cyangwa uhumeka nabi , shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba.
- Niba ugize ibimenyetso bikomeye by’ubwivumbure cyangwa umwuma ukabije bisaba kuvurwa vuba, jya mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bwihuse (ETU) ry’ibitaro biri hafi yawe.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment