Ese wigeze wumva ubabaye cyane, uri wenyine, unaniwe cyane, kandi ubabaye ku buryo udashobora gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose? Mu by'ukuri, twese twumva ibi byiyumvo mu gihe runaka mu buzima bwacu. Ni ibisanzwe. Ariko niba iki cyiyumvo kidashira mu minsi mike, ahubwo kikagutera ibyumweru cyangwa amezi, kandi kikakubangamira mu mirimo yawe ya buri munsi, ntabwo ari agahinda gasanzwe gusa. Bishobora kuba indwara yitwa "Depression." Reka tubiganireho uyu munsi.
Kwiheba si intege nke z'umutima cyangwa ikimenyetso cy'ikindi kintu. Kimwe na diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, ni indwara nyayo igomba kuvurwa. Hari igihe kwiheba bishobora guterwa n'indi ndwara. Ariko akenshi, ni indwara yo mu mutwe igoye cyane. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni uko kwiheba kutaza mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi. Gufite amoko atandukanye n'ubwoko butandukanye.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'indwara yo kwiheba?
Reka tuvuge ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'indwara yo kwiheba bukunze kugaragara. Buri kimwe muri ibi gifite ibimenyetso bitandukanye gato.
- Indwara yo kwiheba ikomeye: Iyi ni yo ndwara ikomeye cyane dukunze kuvuga iyo tuvuga "ihungabana."
- Indwara yo kwiheba idashira (Dysthymia): Indwara yo kwiheba imara igihe kirekire kandi idakomeye cyane.
- Indwara y'ibihe by'ihungabana (SAD): Indwara y'agahinda ibaho gusa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe by'umwaka.
- Ihungabana ryo mu mutwe: Indwara ikomeye irangwa n'ibimenyetso by'ihungabana no kubona ibintu nk'ibintu bitabaho (kubona/kumva ibintu bitariho).
- Ihungabana ry'imitsi: Iki ni ikibazo cy'ihungabana kibaho nk'igice cy'indwara y'imitsi ihindagurika mu buryo bw'izuba.
Reka turebe buri kimwe muri ibi mu buryo burambuye.
Indwara ikomeye yo kwiheba
Umuntu ufite iyi ndwara yumva afite agahinda kenshi, kwiheba no kwiheba. Uku kuvanga ibimenyetso bituma bigorana gukora ibintu bya buri munsi nko gukora akazi, kwiga, gusinzira no kurya. Ndetse n'ibintu byari bishimishije ntibikizana ibyishimo. Iyi ndwara ishobora kuza ikagenda rimwe mu buzima, ariko ku bantu benshi ishobora kubaho inshuro nyinshi mu buzima bwabo.
| Ibimenyetso | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Kumva ubabaye cyangwa ufite ubusa igihe cyose | Kumva mfite agahinda n'ibiremereye umunsi wose nta mpamvu. |
| Gutakaza ubushake mu bintu wakundaga mbere | Ibintu nko kureba filime cyangwa guhura n'inshuti ntibikizana ibyishimo. |
| Impinduka mu gusinzira | Kubura ibitotsi cyangwa gusinzira cyane. |
| Impinduka mu byo kurya no guhinduka kw'ibiro | Kugabanya ibiro bitewe no kubura ubushake bwo kurya cyangwa kwiyongera ibiro bitewe no kurya cyane. |
| Kubura imbaraga, guhora unaniwe | Ndetse n'iyo mbyutse mu gitondo, numva nta kintu na kimwe kizima, ndushye cyane ku buryo ntashobora no gukora akantu gato cyane. |
| Kugorwa no kwibanda ku bintu | Kugorwa no gusoma igitabo, gufata icyemezo, cyangwa kwibuka ikintu runaka. |
| Kumva nabi kuri wowe ubwawe, kumva ufite icyaha | Ibitekerezo nka "Nta cyo maze", "Ni njye ushinzwe byose". |
| Ibitekerezo byo kurangiza ubuzima bwawe | Ibitekerezo nka "Ubu buzima nta cyo buvuze," "Nahitamo gupfa." Iyi ni kamere iteje akaga cyane. |
Ihungabana ryo mu mutwe
Ubu ni ubwoko bukomeye cyane bw'indwara yo kwiheba. Abagera kuri 25% by'abarwayi bafite indwara yo kwiheba mu bitaro bafite iyi ndwara. Uretse ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru byo kwiheba, hongeweho ibindi bimenyetso bibiri bikomeye.
1. Kubona ibintu bitagaragara: Kubona cyangwa kumva ibintu bitagaragara (urugero: kumva umuntu avuga, kubona amashusho atariho).
2. Kwibeshya: Kubaho kw'imyizerere y'ibinyoma idafite ishingiro kandi ikomeye kandi idafite ishingiro mu by'ukuri. (Urugero, kwizera cyane ibintu nka "Nakoze icyaha gikomeye kandi ndahanwa kubera cyo," "Hari umuntu urimo kugerageza kungirira nabi.")
Abantu bafite iyi ndwara bashobora kutabwira abandi ibyo babona cyangwa bumva kubera isoni cyangwa ubwoba, bigatuma bigorana kuyisuzuma.
Kuki tugira ikibazo cyo kwiheba?
Nta mpamvu imwe rukumbi ihari. Biragoye cyane. Ihungabana rikunze kubaho bitewe n'ibintu byinshi bitandukanye.
- Ingaruka z'uturemangingo (Biologiya): Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wagize ikibazo cy'ihungabana, nawe ushobora kuba uri mu kaga ko kurwara indwara nk'iyo.
- Impinduka mu bwonko: Bishobora guterwa n'ubusumbane mu bintu bigize ubwonko (neurotransmitters) bigenzura amarangamutima yacu nk'ibyishimo n'agahinda.
- Ibintu bibabaje mu buzima: Urupfu rw'umuntu wakundaga, gutakaza akazi, gusenya umubano, cyangwa kugira indwara ikomeye byose bishobora gutera kwiheba.
- Ibintu bifitanye isano n’ibidukikije: Ibintu nk’imihangayiko irambye, irungu, no kutagira ubufasha mu mibereho na byo bigira uruhare.
Igikuru ni uko rimwe na rimwe kwiheba bishobora kubaho nta mpamvu igaragara. Ntugatinye rero cyangwa ngo wibwire uti: "Nta mpamvu yo kumera gutya."
Wamenya ute ko iyi ari indwara? Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?
Niba ufite ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru mu gihe kirenga ibyumweru bibiri kandi bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, ikintu cya mbere kandi cy'ingenzi ugomba gukora ni ukubonana na muganga wujuje ibisabwa.
Muganga wawe azakubaza ibibazo, asuzume uburemere bw'ibimenyetso byawe, n'igihe umaze ubyifatamo mbere yo kubisuzuma. Hari igihe ibimenyetso by'ihungabana bishobora guterwa n'izindi ndwara z'umubiri, nk'ibibazo bya tiroyide, bityo ashobora gukora ibintu nko gupima amaraso kugira ngo abimenye.
Inkuru nziza ni uko indwara yo kwiheba ishobora kuvurwa.Inkuru nziza ni uko indwara yo kwiheba ivurwa. Iyo uvuwe, ushobora kongera kugenzura ubuzima bwawe.
Uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bukoreshwa mu kuvura:
1. Imiti: Hari ubwoko bw'imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara. Urugero, ubwoko bw'imiti nka `SSRIs` na `SNRIs`. Iyi miti ikora mu kuvugurura imiti mu bwonko yahindutse iy'uburinganire. Iyi miti igomba gutangizwa gusa ku nama za muganga .
2. Ubujyanama n'ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga (Ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe/Ubuvuzi bwo kuganira):Kuganira n'umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze cyangwa umujyanama w'umuhanga, ukamenya ibibazo byawe bwite n'uburyo bwo gutekereza no kwiga kubikemura. Ibisubizo biragira ingaruka nziza cyane iyo ubu buryo bubiri bukoreshejwe hamwe.
Mu bihe bikomeye cyane bidakira ubundi buryo bwo kuvura, ubundi buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura nka `ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy)` bushobora gutangwa.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kwiheba si intege nke, ni indwara nyayo isaba kuvurwa.
- Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi afite ibimenyetso by'ihungabana, ntukabirengagize. Ntugatinye gusaba ubufasha.
- Intambwe ya mbere igomba kuba iyo kujya kwa muganga w’umuryango wawe (umuganga). Azashobora kuguha ubuyobozi bukwiye.
- Ihungabana rishobora gukemurwa neza cyane hakoreshejwe imiti n'ubujyanama. Iyo uvuwe neza, ushobora kongera kubaho neza.
- Ntabwo uri wenyine. Hari abantu benshi barwaye iyi ndwara, kandi hari n'abashobora kugufasha.
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